1970 Formula One season
| 1970 FIA Formula One World Championship |
|||
| Drivers' Champion: Jochen Rindt Constructors' Champion: Lotus-Ford | |||
| Previous: | 1969 | Next: | 1971 |
The 1970 Formula One season was the 21st FIA Formula One World Championship season. Thirteen races were held between 7 March 1970 and 25 October 1970, with the Championship won by Jochen Rindt and the constructors' title by Lotus. Rindt died four races before the end of the season, but had earned enough World Championship points such that no other driver managed to surpass his total by the end of the season. It is the only season to date in which the World Championship title has been awarded posthumously. Jacky Ickx driving for Ferrari finished the season strongly, but a 4th-place finish in the penultimate round ensured that Rindt's title lead would stand. In the end, all of Rindt's points came from his five wins.
Teams and drivers
The following teams and drivers competed in the 1970 World Championship.
.svg.png){kind=small}
Season report
For the 1970 Formula One season, following an agreement with Simca, Tyrrell were asked by Matra to use their V12 rather than the Cosworth. Stewart tested the Matra V12 and found it inferior to the DFV. As a large part of the Tyrrell budget was provided by Ford, and another significant element came from French state-owned petroleum company Elf (which had an agreement with Renault that precluded supporting a Simca partner), Ken Tyrrell had little alternative (due to clashing sponsorship deals) but to buy the March 701 chassis as an interim solution whilst developing his own car in secret with the first Tyrrell bearing a substantial resemblance to the MS80.
The new wedge-shaped Lotus 72 had very innovative car design, featuring torsion bar suspension, hip-mounted radiators, inboard front brakes and an overhanging rear wing. The 72 originally had suspension problems, but when dive and squat were designed out of the suspension the car quickly showed its superiority. Lotus' new leader, the Austrian Jochen Rindt, dominated the championship until he was killed at Monza when he crashed into some poorly installed crash barriers right before the Parabolica corner. He took the 1970 title posthumously for Lotus. Jacky Ickx won the Austrian, Canadian and Mexican Grands Prix to come second in the Drivers' Championship, having re-joined Ferrari from Brabham. Had he won the United States Grand Prix instead of Brazilian newcomer Emerson Fittipaldi, Ickx would have been crowned champion.
The 1970 season was one of the most tragic in Formula One history. Before Rindt's death at Monza, New Zealander Bruce McLaren was killed testing a McLaren Can-Am car at the Goodwood Circuit in England, and Briton Piers Courage was killed at the Dutch Grand Prix at Zandvoort, driving a Frank Williams-entered De Tomaso.
1970 saw the introduction of slick tyres by Goodyear.
After a Formula One career that began at the 1955 British Grand Prix, triple World Champion Jack Brabham retired at the end of the year.
Race 1: South Africa
The season traditionally started in South Africa at the Kyalami circuit between Johannesburg and Pretoria. This race was won by Australian veteran Jack Brabham in a Brabham; this was to be the triple world champion's last race win.
Race 2: Spain
The Spanish Grand Prix, traditionally alternating between Jarama in Madrid and Montjuic Park in Barcelona was held in Jarama. Briton and defending champion Jackie Stewart won in a Ken Tyrrell-entered March. Jackie Oliver and Jacky Ickx had an accident when Oliver went off and T-boned Ickx. Both the driver's cars caught fire and they both escaped with burns.
Race 3: Monaco
The classic Monaco Grand Prix was a memorable event – it was Ronnie Peterson's first ever F1 race; the Swede immediately impressed around the tight, narrow streets of Monte Carlo. The race saw Jack Brabham lead for a while though Austrian Jochen Rindt in a Lotus was catching him. At the last corner of the last lap, Brabham missed his braking point and skidded off into the straw bales. Rindt passed him and took victory. Brabham recovered for second.
Race 4: Belgium
Formula One had recently lost one of its top drivers: Bruce McLaren had been killed testing a Can-Am car at the Goodwood circuit in southern England. But the F1 circus had returned to a wild and dangerous place: the notorious 8.7 mi (14.1 km) ultra-fast Spa-Francorchamps circuit had returned to the calendar for the 1970 season after some safety upgrades, including steel Armco barriers now lined around the circuit. A chicane had also been inserted at the incredibly fast Malmedy corner to reduce speeds onto the Masta straight. The field only consisted of 18 entrants; Spa often had a small amount of entrants compared to other circuits because most racing drivers in Europe were frightened of the circuit and did not like racing there. Stewart took pole, followed by New Zealander Chris Amon and Rindt. Rindt took the lead going into Eau Rouge, and once the cars came back around towards La Source, Amon was leading. Then, Stewart took the lead, but then retired his March-Ford/Cosworth with engine problems. Amon took the lead, but Mexican Pedro Rodríguez in a BRM was making the most of his BRM engine's V12 power, and he and Amon battled until the 28th and last lap – and Rodriguez beat the perennially unlucky Amon to the checkered flag by a mere 1.1 seconds. Frenchman Jean-Pierre Beltoise took the final podium spot, followed by home favorite Jacky Ickx in a Ferrari. But this was the last time the old triangle-shaped Spa was to be used for Formula One – the circuit proved to be just too fast and dangerous, even with safety modifications. The Belgian Grand Prix was originally scheduled to be on the following year's calendar, but was taken off the calendar after the circuit was not up to FIA-newly mandated safety specs. The race would move to Nivelles and Zolder.
Race 5: The Netherlands
The Dutch Grand Prix of 1970 saw the revolutionary Lotus 72 stamp its authority on the Formula One scene. Although the car made its debut at Spa with John Miles, the car was still not properly finished. But for the Dutch event, it was – and Jochen Rindt dominated this weekend by taking pole and leading from start to finish on the fast, beachside Zandvoort circuit. But the race itself was marred by the fatal accident of Briton Piers Courage in a Frank Williams-entered DeTomaso-Ford/Cosworth. Courage crashed at the very fast Tunnel Oost corner, and one of the wheels hit him in the head and killed him instantly. After the car had crashed, it then caught fire, as was so common in those days. Courage's lifeless body, already covered with fuel, then burned.
Race 6: France
Formula One then went to the 5.1 mile Charade circuit, made up entirely of closed-off public roads located around an extinct volcano overlooking the small city of Clermont-Ferrand. Practice and qualifying were both eventful – in addition to Ferrari showing improved form by Jacky Ickx taking pole, the circuit was littered with rocks and Rindt – already made nauseous by the twisty and roller-coaster-type nature of the circuit – was hit in the face by a rock thrown from another car – in those days, drivers wore open-face helmets covered by a white rag to protect them from the gas fumes. Ickx took the lead from the start, but he retired with engine damage, and Frenchman Beltoise – driving an all-French Matra – was in the lead. However, due to the rocks on the track, Beltoise punctured a tire, and had to come in. This gave Rindt the lead, ahead of Chris Amon. Rindt won from Amon and Brabham.
Race 7: Great Britain
The British Grand Prix alternated between the very fast, flat, smooth Silverstone circuit and the twisty, undulating and rough Brands Hatch, just outside London. For 1970, the British GP was at Brands Hatch, and it was an exciting race – Jack Brabham was leading at the start, and he ran out of fuel at the start – and Rindt overtook him and won his 3rd consecutive race.
Race 8: Germany
The German Grand Prix was held at the Hockenheimring for 1970. It had originally been scheduled to be run at the very long and notoriously dangerous Nurburgring Nordschleife, but the drivers refused to race at the 'Ring in the condition it was in – unless major safety changes were made to it. There was a driver's meeting at the Dorchester Hotel in London after the memorial services for Bruce McLaren and Piers Courage, and the drivers, already under considerable pressure and motivated by a normally quiet Jack Brabham – voted not to race there after the German GP organizers responded negatively to a list of changes requested by the drivers. The Hockenheimring was very fast, and it generated a great race – Jochen Rindt and Jacky Ickx battled all throughout the race and Rindt won yet again – but it was clear at this point who the two main title contenders were going to be.
Race 9: Austria
The second Formula One Austrian Grand Prix was the first held at the fast and spectacular Osterreichring – in 1964, it had been held at the unpopular Zeltweg Airfield. The year-old Styrian circuit played host to Ferrari dominance – their first victory since 1968. Jacky Ickx and Clay Regazzoni easily finished 1–2; the Ferrari 312B had become a competitive package, although this was not done by Ickx, who did not like testing and often preferred to use his driving skill to deal with a car's shortcomings.
Race 10: Italy
Monza is known by many Formula One enthusiasts to be a bittersweet place; and this weekend was no exception. It was a weekend of highs and lows – at this rather simple, ultra-fast circuit – when it had no chicanes of any kind, Jochen Rindt was killed on the straight going into the Parabolica on his wingless Lotus 72 – and because aerodynamic downforce was not properly understood then, the car was, according to his teammate John Miles – rather unstable and difficult to drive – but in fact, it was a brake system failure that caused Rindt to spin off and crash into some poorly installed Armco barrier, and as a result of that, the car went under the barrier and rotated a few times in the sand track. Rindt was not wearing his seat belts properly, either – in addition to the belts being loose, a crotch strap part of the seat belts had been introduced recently, and Rindt wasn't wearing one. As a result, he had submarined in the car and the belt buckle had slit his throat. Come race day, the race started, and Ferrari driver Clay Regazzoni won his first F1 race, and the overjoyed crowd ran onto the track and celebrated.
Race 11: Canada
The F1 season concluded with a 3-part North American tour, which started in Canada at the spectacular Mont-Tremblant circuit in Quebec near the town of St. Jovite – the second and last time F1 would race there. The Lotus team did not show up, and although Jackie Stewart dominated practice in his new Tyrrell-Ford/Cosworth 001, he retired due to mechanical problems, and Ickx took victory in his Ferrari.
Race 12: United States
The United States Grand Prix at Watkins Glen was a memorable race – the Lotus team had returned, and Brazilian newcomer Emerson Fittipaldi, who found himself as Lotus team leader after Rindt's death was consistently competitive throughout. He was challenged by Mexican Pedro Rodriguez, wanting to win again after his Spa triumph four months earlier. Rodriguez ran out of fuel, and although he stormed through the track, Fittipaldi was able to hold on to win his first ever Formula One championship race. This was the last F1 race at the original Watkins Glen permanent race track – the circuit was rebuilt for the following year. Also, Rindt had posthumously won the Drivers' Championship at this race – Ickx had failed to gain the 37 or more total points necessary to overtake Rindt's total at the last race in Mexico.
Race 13: Mexico
The last race of the Formula One World Championship was the Mexican Grand Prix at the Magdalena Mixhuca Park in Mexico City. The event proved troublesome – some 200,000 people showed up to watch, and a number of them were actually sitting right next to the track asphalt, over the barriers. This delayed the race start for over an hour – after Rodriguez and Stewart pleaded with the crowd to move back, which they did – but not very far. The race finally got underway – and Ickx won again for Ferrari, as Stewart retired after hitting a stray dog. But the crowd's shenanigans caused by the disorganization of the event caused the Mexican Grand Prix to be cancelled for the following year, and it did not come back until 1986 to the same circuit.
Results and standings
Grands prix
World Drivers' Championship final standings
.jpg)
|
Bold – Pole position | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
International Cup for Manufacturers final standings
Points were awarded on a 9–6–4–3–2–1 basis to the first six finishers at each round, however only the best placed car from each manufacturer was eligible to score points. The best six results from the first seven rounds and the best five results from the last six rounds were retained.
| Pos. | Manufacturer | RSA.svg.png){kind=small} |
ESP.svg.png){kind=small} |
MON |
BEL.svg.png){kind=small} |
NED |
FRA |
GBR |
GER |
AUT |
ITA |
CAN |
USA |
MEX |
Pts.[2] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Lotus-Ford |
5 | 4 | 1 | Ret | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 15 | DNS | NC | 1 | NC | 59 |
| 2 | Ferrari |
Ret | Ret | Ret | 4 | 3 | 14 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | (4) | 1 | 52 (55) |
| 3 | March-Ford |
3 | 1 | 7 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 7 | 8 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 48 |
| 4 | Brabham-Ford |
1 | Ret | 2 | 5 | 11 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 5 | Ret | 10 | Ret | 35 |
| 5 | McLaren-Ford |
2 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 10 | 4 | 6 | 7 | 3 | 35 | |
| 6 | BRM |
9 | Ret | 6 | 1 | 10 | 12 | Ret | Ret | 4 | Ret | 4 | 2 | 6 | 23 |
| 7 | Matra |
4 | Ret | 3 | 3 | 5 | 5 | Ret | 6 | 6 | 3 | 7 | 8 | 5 | 23 |
| 8 | Surtees-Ford |
Ret | 9 | Ret | Ret | 5 | 6 | 8 | 3 | ||||||
| — | McLaren-Alfa Romeo |
DNQ | DNQ | DNQ | NC | DNS | DNQ | 12 | 8 | Ret | DNQ | 0 | |||
| — | De Tomaso-Ford |
Ret | DNS | NC | Ret | Ret | DNS | DNQ | Ret | Ret | NC | Ret | 0 | ||
| — | Tyrrell-Ford |
Ret | Ret | Ret | 0 | ||||||||||
| — |  Bellasi-Ford |
DNQ | DNQ | DNQ | Ret | DNQ | 0 | ||||||||
| Pos. | Manufacturer | RSA |
ESP |
MON |
BEL |
NED |
FRA |
GBR |
GER |
AUT |
ITA |
CAN |
USA |
MEX |
Pts. |
- Bold results counted to championship totals.
Non-Championship races results
Other Formula One races held in 1970, which did not count towards the World Championship.
| Race Name | Circuit | Date | Winning driver | Constructor | Report |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| V Race of Champions |
Brands Hatch | 22 March | Jackie Stewart |
March-Cosworth |
Report |
| XXII BRDC International Trophy |
Silverstone | 26 April |  Chris Amon |
March-Cosworth |
Report |
| XVII International Gold Cup |
Oulton Park | 22 August | John Surtees |
Surtees-Cosworth |
Report |
Notes
- ↑ Drivers' points were awarded on a 9–6–4–3–2–1 basis to the top six placegetters in each race. The best 6 results from the first 7 races and the best 5 results from the last 6 races were counted however this rule did not affect any driver's points tally in the 1970 championship.
- ↑ Only the best 6 results from the first 7 rounds and the best 5 results from the last 6 rounds counted towards the Championship. Numbers without parentheses are Championship points; numbers in parentheses are total points scored.