2000 Hezbollah cross-border raid

2000 Hezbollah cross-border raid
Part of the 2000–2006 Shebaa Farms conflict

Memorial in Petah Tikva to the 3 IDF soldiers, killed and kidnapped by hezbollah.
LocationLebanon–Golan Heights border
33°17′0″N 35°42′0″E / 33.28333°N 35.70000°E / 33.28333; 35.70000
Result Outbreak of 2 month fire exchanges between Israel and Hezbollah
Belligerents
 Israel Hezbollah
Casualties and losses
3 dead soldiers captured Unknown

In the 2000 Hezbollah cross-border raid Hezbollah militants captured three IDF soldiers; Benny Avraham, Adi Avitan and Omar Sawaid, while they were patrolling the security fence along the border with Lebanon, and took them across the border. It is not clear when or under which circumstances the three soldiers died. Their bodies were returned to Israel in a prisoner exchange on 29 January 2004.

The abduction was the first incident between Israel and Lebanon after the Israeli withdrawal from South Lebanon in May 2000, and it was followed by several other attempts of the Hezbollah to abduct Israeli soldiers, until eventually on July 12, 2006 Hezbollah managed to abduct Ehud Goldwasser and Eldad Regev in another cross-border raid, an event that led to the eruption of the Second Lebanon War.

The attack and abduction

Map of the Sheeba Farms and surrounding area.

While patrolling the border near the Shebaa Farms an IDF patrol manned by Staff Sgt. Adi Avitan (22), Staff Sgt. Benyamin Avraham (21), and Staff Sgt. Omar Sawaid (27), was ambushed by a Hezbollah squad. The patrol car was hit by a rocket. The Hezbollah squad blasted a gate in the fence and a Range Rover entered Israeli-occupied territory to collect the captives and made a quick getaway.

Several factors contributed to the ease with which Hezbollah could carry out the abduction. The location of the abduction was situated between the 91st and the 36th Division. IDF bureaucracy prevented coordination and information sharing between the two. The IDF had received indications that Hezbollah was planning an abduction at the site. A patrol from the Egoz elite unit belonging to the 91st Division had observed Hezbollah activity in the area, which seemed to be an ideal place for an abduction. This information had not been passed on to the 36th Division. Neither the electronic border fence nor the surveillance cameras was functioning at the relevant section but was repaired only after the incident.[1]

The bodies of the three captives were returned in a prisoner exchange in 2004. It is not known when or under what circumstances the three soldiers were killed. In October 2001 IDF stated that Israeli military intelligence estimated that "the three were either killed during the initial Hezbollah attack or immediately afterward."[2]

Ya'akov Avitan, father of the abducted soldiers, said that a video released by Hezbollah and broadcast by LBC indicates that, "the boys were alive when they were kidnapped... they [Hezbollah] murdered our boys in cold blood after the kidnap."[3][4]

The Hannibal Directive is a secret IDF order stating that abductions of Israeli soldiers must be prevented by all means, including shooting at or shelling a get-away car, thereby risking the lives of the captives. When the abduction of the three soldiers became known the Hannibal directive was invoked. Israeli attack helicopters fired at 26 cars moving in the area. The number of casualties, Hezbollah or civilian, is not known. There are however no clear indications that the captives were inside any of the attacked cars or were harmed in the attacks.[5]

The captors denied the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) and other parties permission to visit them and to learn at first hand about their state of health and the conditions they were held in.[6]

Prisoner exchange

On November 9, 2003, the Government of Israel announced that an arrangement had been concluded regarding the return of the three missing IDF soldiers - as well as abducted Israeli businessman and reserve IDF colonel Elchanan Tenenbaum, who had been captured by Hezbollah after being lured to Dubai for a drug deal.

Hezbollah instigated negotiations over the release of 14 Lebanese prisoners, together with a number of Palestinian prisoners. On January 29, 2004, 30 Lebanese and Arab prisoners, 400 Palestinian prisoners, German national and Hezbollah member Steven Smyrek, and the remains of 59 Lebanese militants and civilians were transferred to Hezbollah, along with maps showing Israeli mines in South Lebanon, in exchange for Tenenbaum and the remains of the three dead soldiers.[7][8]

Among the 435 people released by Israel were Mustafa Dirani and Sheik Abdel Karim Obeid. These two individuals were kidnapped, in 1994 and 1989 respectively, for use as bargaining chips in the effort to secure the release of the most famous of the Israeli MIAs, Ron Arad. Fearing the release of these men would end any hope of finding Arad, his family attempted to take legal action to prevent their release. Nothing came of this effort.

The bodies were positively identified and arrived during the evening hours in Israel. The soldiers were returned in an IAF aircraft along with an IDF delegation headed by Chief Military Rabbi, Brg. Gen. Israel Weiss. Upon the arrival of the coffins, a military ceremony took place in the presence of their families and commanders. The ceremony was attended by President Moshe Katsav, Prime Minister Ariel Sharon, Minister of Defense Shaul Mofaz, Knesset Speaker Reuven Rivlin and IDF Chief of Staff, Lt. Gen. Moshe Ya'alon.[9]

Post abduction events

See also

References

  1. ↑ Ronen Bergman and Gil Meltzer (2002-04-12). "נחטפו לפי הנהלים". Yedioth Ahronoth. Retrieved 2011-10-20.
  2. ↑ "Israelis Held by the Hizbullah - Oct 2000-Jan 2004". mfa.gov.il.
  3. ↑ "عملية إختطاف جنود إسرائيليين (Abduction operation of Israeli soldiers)". LBC (YouTube). Sep 28, 2008. Retrieved 2011-10-20.
  4. ↑ Eli Ashkenazi, Yoav Stern and Haaretz Correspondents (September 5, 2006). "New film leaves parents in the dark on sons' fate during kidnap". Haaretz. Retrieved 2011-11-10.
  5. ↑ Sara Leibovich-Dar (2003-05-21). "The Hannibal Procedure". Haaretz. Retrieved 2011-10-20.
  6. ↑ "IsraelWar touches raw nerve for grieving parents". Newsday.
  7. ↑ "Israel, Hezbollah swap prisoners". CNN. January 29, 2004. Retrieved April 21, 2010.
  8. ↑ "The release of security prisoners and administrative detainees - 29-Jan-2004". mfa.gov.il.
  9. ↑ "Government statement on prisoner exchange - 24-Jan-2004". mfa.gov.il.

External links

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