8991 Solidarity

8991 Solidarity
Discovery [1]
Discovered by La Silla Obs.
Discovery site La Silla, Chile
Discovery date 6 August 1980
Designations
MPC designation 8991 Solidarity
Named after
 Solidarity
(in memory of 9/11)[2]
1980 PV1 · 1975 QB
1979 HC1 · 1985 SD3
1988 FR3 · 1988 GW2
main-belt · (middle) [3]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 16 February 2017 (JD 2457800.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc 40.84 yr (14,915 days)
Aphelion 3.2950 AU
Perihelion 2.2796 AU
2.7873 AU
Eccentricity 0.1822
4.65 yr (1,700 days)
28.147°
0° 12m 42.48s / day
Inclination 6.7887°
286.51°
312.47°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions 8.385±0.342 km[4][5]
12.88 km (calculated)[3]
5.2388±0.0034 h[6]
0.057 (assumed)[3]
0.174±0.022[4][5]
C [3]
12.37±1.03[7] · 12.729±0.003 (R)[6] · 12.8[1] · 12.9[4] · 13.18[3]

    8991 Solidarity, provisional designation 1980 PV1, is a carbonaceous asteroid from the middle region of the asteroid belt, approximately 10 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 6 August 1980, by observers at ESO's La Silla Observatory site in northern Chile.[8]

    The C-type asteroid orbits the Sun at a distance of 2.3–3.3 AU once every 4 years and 8 months (1,700 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.18 and an inclination of 7° with respect to the ecliptic.[1] The first used observation was made at Cerro El Roble Observatory in 1979, extending the asteroid's observation arc by 1 year prior to its discovery.[8]

    In January 2011, a rotational light-curve for this asteroid was obtained from photometric observations at the U.S Palomar Transient Factory, California. It gave a rotation period of 5.2388±0.0034 hours with a brightness variation of 0.19 in magnitude (U=2).[6]

    According to the survey carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, the asteroid measures 8.4 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.17,[4][5] while the Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for carbonaceous asteroids of 0.057 and calculates a diameter of 12.9 kilometers, based on an absolute magnitude of 13.18.[3]

    The asteroid was named in response to the September 11 attacks. As a commemorative gesture, the IAU's Committee for the Nomenclature of Small Bodies chose three objects discovered in observatories on different continents and christened them with names representing some of the most basic and universal human values. The other two selections were 8990 Compassion (discovered from Europe) and 8992 Magnanimity (discovered from Asia).[2] Naming citation was published on 2 October 2001 (M.P.C. 43684).[9]

    References

    1. 1 2 3 4 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 8991 Solidarity (1980 PV1)" (2016-06-16 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 4 December 2016.
    2. 1 2 Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (8991) Solidarity. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 674. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3. Retrieved 10 July 2016.
    3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "LCDB Data for (8991) Solidarity". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 10 July 2016.
    4. 1 2 3 4 Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407Freely accessible. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90. Retrieved 10 July 2016.
    5. 1 2 3 Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Dailey, J.; et al. (November 2011). "Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 20. arXiv:1109.4096Freely accessible. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...68M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68. Retrieved 4 December 2016.
    6. 1 2 3 Waszczak, Adam; Chang, Chan-Kao; Ofek, Eran O.; Laher, Russ; Masci, Frank; Levitan, David; et al. (September 2015). "Asteroid Light Curves from the Palomar Transient Factory Survey: Rotation Periods and Phase Functions from Sparse Photometry". The Astronomical Journal. 150 (3): 35. arXiv:1504.04041Freely accessible. Bibcode:2015AJ....150...75W. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/150/3/75. Retrieved 10 July 2016.
    7. ↑ Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762Freely accessible. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Retrieved 10 July 2016.
    8. 1 2 "8991 Solidarity (1980 PV1)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 10 July 2016.
    9. ↑ "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 10 July 2016.

    External links

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