Abdallah al-Asbah

Abdallah al-Asbah

Portrait of al-Asbah
Born 1910
Al-Ja'una, Beirut Vilayet, Ottoman Empire
Died March/April 1938
Sa'sa' area, British Mandate of Palestine
Nationality Palestinian
Other names Abu al-Abed
Known for Local Commander in the 1936–39 Palestine revolt

Abdallah al-Asbah) (Arabic: عبد الله الأصبح‎‎, also known as Abu al-Abed) (March 1910–April 1938) was a Palestinian rebel commander who participated in the 1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine.[1][2] He was killed by British forces near the border with Lebanon. He was born in the village of al-Ja'una near Safad.[3]

Commander in 1936-39 revolt

Al-Asbah was a disciple of Izz ad-Din al-Qassam, a Muslim reformist preacher and anti-colonialist activist. During the 1936-39 revolt in Palestine, al-Asbah led a rebel band of about 15 men who often set up nighttime checkpoints to ambush British military and Jewish targets before withdrawing to nearby villages and grottoes before the night's end.[4] His rebel band was largely destroyed in a British ambush near the Galilee village of Arraba in mid-1937.[3] Al-Asbah played a key role in reigniting the revolt in late 1937. At that time, he rallied the fellahin (peasants) of the Safad region to fight against the British.[2] Al-Asbah is also known for fighting several battles alongside the Syrian commander Said al-As.

Following a battle in Nabi Yusha', the British Army offered a reward of 1,000 Palestine pounds for Al-Asbah, dead or alive. Around March 1938, the British authorities received information on the location of al-Asbah's hideout and besieged al-Asbah and some of his men at a grotto near the border with Lebanon. After they used up their supplies, the rebels began emerging from the grotto opening fire one by one, all being gunned down by British forces. According to local accounts, al-Asbah was the last rebel killed in this confrontation. He was killed by a shrapnel wound to the head and his body left was on the battlefield for 40 days, with the residents of nearby villages wary of retrieving it and being consequently punished by the authorities. Ultimately, residents from the village of Sa'sa' buried the body in their village and informed his family of his death.[4]

Commemoration

Al-Asbah became a popular figure among the Palestinians of the Galilee following his death for his reputed incorruptibility unlike many other rebel commanders and his refusal to surrender to the British authorities. Local songs were penned for him and were sung at weddings and dabke dances.[4] The following is a Palestinian folk song describing al-Asbah (in Arabic):

أبو العبد بالمتراس واقف كت اللحم وضل العضم واقف
يا ريتك يا بو العبد بقيت واقف وصوتك يرعد جيوش العدا
أبو العبد ياسور بلكون متلك ماربي وماصار بالكون حدا
يوم تزعق بصوتك عليهم كل مين شاربه عالي وطي

Al-Asbah did not have any children. His widow lived in al-Ja'una until the 1948 exodus, when she moved to Yarmouk Camp for Palestinian refugees near Damascus in Syria.

List of Battles

References

  1. ↑ Silberstein, Laurence Jay (2008), Postzionism: A Reader, Rutgers University Press, p. 196, ISBN 9780813543475
  2. 1 2 Kedourie, Elie (2015), Zionism and Arabism in Palestine and Israel, Routledge, p. 81, ISBN 9781317442738
  3. 1 2 Shammas, Anton (1988), Arabesques, University of California Press, p. 24, ISBN 9780520228320
  4. 1 2 3 Ghandour, Zeina B. (2009), A Discourse on Domination in Mandate Palestine: Imperialism, Property and Insurgency, Routledge, ISBN 9781134009626
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