Aescin
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| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC names
(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-{[(3S,4S,4aR,6aR, 6bS,8R,8aR,9R,10R,12aS,14aR,14bR) -9-acetoxy-8-hydroxy-4,8a-bis(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,6b,11,11, 14b-hexamethyl-10-[2-methyl-1-oxobut-2-enoxy]-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7, 8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy}-4-hydroxy- 3,5-bis{[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)- 2-tetrahydropyranyl]oxy}-2-tetrahydropyrancarboxylic acid | |
| Other names
Escin | |
| Identifiers | |
11072-93-8 β-Aescin  6805-41-0 Aescin | |
| 3D model (Jmol) | Interactive image |
| ChEMBL | ChEMBL505939  |
| ChemSpider | 4977652 |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.027.164 |
| KEGG | C08921 |
| PubChem | 6476031 |
| UNII | RUU8G67GQM |
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| Properties | |
| C55H86O24 | |
| Molar mass | 1,131.27 g·mol−1 |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
| verify (what is ?) | |
| Infobox references | |
Aescin or escin is a mixture of saponins with anti-inflammatory, vasoconstrictor and vasoprotective effects found in Aesculus hippocastanum (the horse chestnut). Aescin is the main active compound in horse chestnut, and is responsible for most of its medicinal properties.
High-quality evidence suggests aescin is a safe and effective treatment for chronic venous insufficiency.[1][2] In one randomized controlled trial, horse chestnut extract was found to be as effective and well-tolerated as use of compression stockings.[3]
Mechanism of action
Aescin appears to produce effects through a wide range of mechanisms. It induces endothelial nitric oxide synthesis by making endothelial cells more permeable to calcium ions, and also induces release of prostaglandin F2α.[1][4][5] Other possible mechanisms include serotonin antagonism and histamine antagonism and reduced catabolism of tissue mucopolysaccharides.[1]
References
- 1 2 3 Sirtori CR (September 2001). "Aescin: pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and therapeutic profile". Pharmacol. Res. 44 (3): 183–193. doi:10.1006/phrs.2001.0847. PMID 11529685.
- ↑ Pittler MH, Ernst E (2006). Pittler MH, ed. "Horse chestnut seed extract for chronic venous insufficiency". Cochrane Database Syst Rev (1): CD003230. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003230.pub3. PMID 16437450.
- ↑ Diehm C, Trampisch HJ, Lange S, Schmidt C (February 1996). "Comparison of leg compression stocking and oral horse-chestnut seed extract therapy in patients with chronic venous insufficiency". Lancet. 347 (8997): 292–294. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(96)90467-5. PMID 8569363.
- ↑ Carrasco OF, Vidrio H (July 2007). "Endothelium protectant and contractile effects of the antivaricose principle escin in rat aorta". Vascul. Pharmacol. 47 (1): 68–73. doi:10.1016/j.vph.2007.04.003. PMID 17512261.
- ↑ Berti F, Omini C, Longiave D (August 1977). "The mode of action of aescin and the release of prostaglandins". Prostaglandins. 14 (2): 241–249. doi:10.1016/0090-6980(77)90169-1. PMID 897216.