Victoria Machinery Depot
| Industry | Shipbuilding, Energy, Industry |
|---|---|
| Fate | Dissolved |
| Predecessor | Albion Iron Works, Spratt and Kriemler, Harbour Marine Company |
| Founded | May 4, 1863[1][2] |
| Founder | Joseph Spratt |
| Defunct | May 1994[2][3] |
| Headquarters | Victoria, British Columbia, Canada |
Key people | Johann Kriemler Co-founder |
| Products | Ferries, Naval vessels, Oil platforms, Boilers, Ammonia production equipment, Manhole covers,[4] Wood-burning stoves (starting in 1878)[3] |
Victoria Machinery Depot Ltd. was a ship builder located in Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
This was a historic metalworks and shipyard in Victoria, Canada. From the late 1850s on, with the Fraser Canyon and Cariboo Gold Rushes British Columbia (BC) was dependent upon Californian supplies and ships. To prevent United States domination of the British Colony, Governor James Douglas passed laws restricting US shipping. To encourage BC shipping a yard and ironworks was established—the Albion Iron Works was started by Joseph Spratt on May 4, 1863.[1]
The name derives from the latin word Alba for white, itself a reference to the white cliffs of Dover or, more often, Scotland. British Columbia was known as New Albion for a time and hence the name of the iron works. The first yard sat on the south bank of Victoria's inner harbour on Bay Street, just before the Bay Street bridge at Point Ellice. The yard turned out boilers, engines, and pipes for early steamers. The hulls were made of wood on slips in the yard. Later the yard turned out ships, like the sternwheeler SS Mount Royal. Albion Iron Works went through several business changes and merged with Victoria Machinery Depot, taking the latter's name in 1888.[1] It did essential war work in both world wars.
Later on the yard turned out several BC Ferries vessels. In 1965-1967 it also made the oil drilling platform SEDCO 135-F for exploration by Shell Canada in Hecate Strait.[2] At the time of its construction SEDCO 135-F was the largest semi-submersible platform in the world and was the first platform constructed in British Columbia.[5] The CA$$10 million rig rose 50 metres above the water in the docks at VMD (before submersion). After the 1967 launch and 3 years of exploration off the BC coast it was towed and worked at oil fields in New Zealand, the North Sea, and the Gulf of Mexico.[5][6] On June 3, 1979 the rig was drilling for PEMEX at the Ixtoc I site in the Gulf of Mexico and suffered a blowout that led to one of the largest single source oil spills in history. By June 12 the oil slick measured 180 km by 80 km. The leak was not capped until March 23, 1980 after which an estimated 3.5 million barrels of oil had already spread over the gulf.[6][7] SEDCO 135-F was one of the last seagoing vessels built by VMD.
In business until the 1990s the company turned to pressure vessels and submarines, but the historic firm went under in the business contractions of the decade and was finally shut down in 1994.[2]
The yards were one of several contractors to the Royal Canadian Navy for ship repair and maintenance.
Ships Built
- Miscellaneous vessels
- Hull 6 SS Mount Royal - 1902, built for the Hudson's Bay Company.[8]
- Hull 136 SEDCO 135-F - 1967, at 8,676 gross tonnage it was one of the largest vessels built by VMD.[8]
- Warships
- Hull 58 HMCS Terra Nova (DDE 259) - 1959 Restigouche-class destroyer[8]
- Hull 87 HMCS Saskatchewan (DDE 262) - 1959–1961 Mackenzie-class destroyer moved to Yarrows Shipyards for completion in September 1961.[8]
- Ferries
- Hull 52 MV Lloyd Jones - 1950, later known as the MV Vesuvius Queen.[8] (see also Steamboats of Lake Okanagan)
- Hull 79 MV Mill Bay - 1956 built for Coast Ferries Ltd., purchased by BC Ferries in 1969.[8][9][10]
- Hull 85 MV Sidney - 1960, later MV Queen Of Sidney - 1963.[8]
- Hull 94 MV City of Victoria - 1962, later Queen of Victoria 1963, Queen of Ocoa 2000, Aan 2005, scrapped 2006.[8]
- Hull 99 MV Queen of Saanich - 1963[8]
- Hull 100 MV Queen of Esquimalt - 1963[8]
- Hull 104 MV Queen of Nanaimo - 1964[8]
- Hull 105 MV Queen of New Westminster - 1964
- Hull 107 MV Comox Queen - 1964 built for the Ministry of Transportation, later the MV Tenaka.[8]
- Hull 125 MV Queen of Burnaby - 1965[8]
- Hull 129 MV Powell River Queen - 1965[8]
- Hull 130 MV Mayne Queen - 1965[8]
- Hull 131 MV Bowen Queen - 1965[8]
- Hull 124 MV Queen of Prince Rupert - 1966[8]
- Hull 145 MV Doris Yorke - 1968, now Seaspan Doris (a truck and rail ferry),[11] was the last vessel constructed by VMD.[8]
See also
- List of oil spills
- Transocean - recent company that owns part of the remnants of the former South East Drilling Company (SEDCO)
References
- 1 2 3 "Business and History - Victoria Machinery Depot Company Limited". Western Libraries. 2010. Retrieved 2010-01-28.
- 1 2 3 4 Obee, Dave (January 6, 2008). "Our Past: Victoria Machinery Depot showed off Island's manufacturing prowess". Victoria Times Colonist. Retrieved 2010-01-28.
- 1 2 Obee, Dave (January 6, 2008). "Dave Obee's Family History Page: VMD was a master shipbuilder". Retrieved 2010-01-30.
- ↑ Ringuette, Janis; Ringuette, Norm. "Manhole Covers: History Beneath Our Feet". Retrieved 2010-01-29.
- 1 2 Williams, G. Darren (2001). "British Columbia's Offshore Oil & Gas" (ppt). Retrieved 2010-01-28.
- 1 2 "Oil rig was a Canadian first". Victoria Times Colonist. January 6, 2008.
- ↑ "IXTOC I Blowout And Sedco 135F - Oil Rig Disasters - Offshore Drilling Accidents". Retrieved 2010-01-28.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Colton, Tim. "Victoria Machinery Depot VMD". Retrieved 2011-06-11.
- ↑ Hammersmark, John. "Mill Bay - BC Ferries". Retrieved 2010-01-17.
- ↑ Armstrong, Ron. "Mill Bay Ferry – The Oldest BC Route". Retrieved 2010-01-16.
- ↑ "Vessel: Seaspan Doris". Retrieved 2010-01-29.