Bosna (river)

Bosna
River
The Bosna River flowing through Zenica.
Country Bosnia and Herzegovina
Cities
7
Source Vrelo Bosne
 - location Igman, Ilidža, Bosnia and Herzegovina
 - coordinates 43°49′6.6″N 18°16′11.9″E / 43.818500°N 18.269972°E / 43.818500; 18.269972
Mouth Sava
 - location Bosanski Šamac, Bosnia and Herzegovina
 - coordinates 45°4′0″N 18°28′1″E / 45.06667°N 18.46694°E / 45.06667; 18.46694Coordinates: 45°4′0″N 18°28′1″E / 45.06667°N 18.46694°E / 45.06667; 18.46694
Length 271 km (168 mi)
Basin 10,457 km2 (4,037 sq mi)
Discharge
 - average 174 m3/s (6,145 cu ft/s)
Wikimedia Commons: Bosna River
The source of the Bosna river on the outskirts of Sarajevo.

The river Bosna (pronounced [bɔ̂sna]) (Cyrillic: Босна) is the third longest river in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and is considered one of the country's three major internal rivers, along with the Neretva and Vrbas Rivers; the other three major rivers of Bosnia and Herzegovina are the Una, to the northwest, the Sava, to the north, and the Drina, to the east. It is the namesake of Bosnia. The Bosna flows for 271 kilometers (168 mi).

The river is possibly mentioned for the first time during the 1st century AD by Roman historian Marcus Velleius Paterculus under the name Bathinus flumen.[1] Another basic source that are associated with the hydronym Bathinus is the Salonitan inscription of the governor of Dalmatia, Publius Cornelius Dolabella, where it's said that the Bathinum river divides the Breuci from the Osseriates.[2] According to philologist Anton Mayer the name Bosna could be derived from Illyrian Bass-an-as(-ā) which would be a diversion of the Proto-Indo-European root *bhoĝ-, meaning "the running water".[3]

Course and tributaries

The Bosna river also makes up the Bosna River Valley, the country's industrial center and home to close to a million people, as well as the location of several major cities. The river's biggest tributaries are the Željeznica, Miljacka, Fojnica, Lašva, Gostović, Krivaja, Usora, and Spreča rivers.

Its source is at the spring Vrelo Bosne, at the foothills of the Mount Igman, on the outskirts of Sarajevo, capital of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The spring is one of Bosnia and Herzegovina's chief natural landmarks and tourist attractions. From there, the Bosna flows northwards, through the heart of Bosnia, eventually becoming a right tributary of the Sava River in Bosanski Šamac. The Bosna flows through a number of cantons. From its starting point in the Sarajevo Canton, it flows through Zenica-Doboj Canton, Doboj Region, and Posavina Canton, in that order. On its way north the River Bosna also passes through the cities of Visoko, Zenica, Maglaj, Doboj, Modriča and Bosanski Šamac.

References

  1. ↑ Salmedin Mesihović (2014). Ilirike. Sarajevo: Filozofski fakultet u Sarajevu. p. 80.
  2. ↑ Salmedin Mesihović (2010). AEVVM DOLABELLAE – DOLABELINO DOBA. XXXIX. Sarajevo: Centar za balkanološka ispitivanja, Akademija nauka i umjetnosti. p. 10.
  3. ↑ Indira Šabić (2014). Onomastička analiza bosanskohercegovačkih srednjovjekovnih administrativnih tekstova i stećaka (PDF). Osijek: Sveučilište Josipa Jurja Strossmayera. p. 165.
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