DF-5

For the locomotive, see China Railways DF5.
DF-5A/CSS-4 Mod 2

Upper stage of the DF-5B, showing its redesigned nosecone to accommodate multiple reentry vehicles.
Type ICBM
Place of origin People's Republic of China
Service history
In service 1981[1]–present
Used by Second Artillery Corps
Production history
Manufacturer Factory 211 (Capital Astronautics Co.)
Specifications
Weight 183 tonnes (180 long tons; 202 short tons)
Length 32.6 m (106 ft 11 in)
Diameter 3.35 m (11 ft 0 in)
Warhead One or MIRV (3-8 warheads) confirmed on later variants[2][3]
Blast yield 4–5 Mt (non-MIRV warhead)[1]
Engine Two-stage Liquid-propellant rocket
Operational
range
 12,000–15,000 km (7,500–9,300 mi)[4]
Speed Mach 22 (26,950 km/h; 16,745 mph; 7.486 km/s)
Guidance
system
 Inertial + on-board computers [5]
Accuracy ~800 m (2,600 ft) CEP
Launch
platform
 Silo

The Dongfeng 5[Wǔ] (simplified Chinese: 东风-5; traditional Chinese: 東風-5, literally "East Wind 5") or DF-5 is a three stage Chinese ICBM. It has a length of 32.6 m and a diameter of 3.35 m. It weighs in at 183,000 kilograms and it has an estimated range of 12,000 to 15,000 kilometers. The DF-5 had its first flight in 1971 and was in operational service 10 years later. One of the limitations of the missile is that it takes between 30 and 60 minutes to fuel. The DF-5 is due to be replaced by the DF-41.[6] Around 2015, the newest variant DF-5B force are believed to have received a MIRV upgrade, according to Business Insider with DF-5B: "China has the ability to deliver nuclear warheads nearly anywhere on earth (outside of South America, at least)".[7]

History

The DF-5 was designed under the leadership of Tu Shou'e [屠守锷] at the China Academy of Launch Technology (CALT); Li Xu'e) [李绪鄂] served as deputy chief designer. The missile was produced at the China's Factory 211 (Capital Astronautics Co. [首都航天机械公司], also known as the Capital Machine Shop [首都机械厂]).

The DF-5 was first flight tested in 1971, with final tests into the Pacific Ocean in May 1980.[8] Two silo-based missiles were put into 'trial operational deployment' in 1981.[8] It had a range of 10,000 to 12,000 km which allowed it to threaten the western portions of the United States. Beginning in 1986 the Chinese started developing the improved DF-5A,[8] with range increased to over 15,000 km and a more accurate guidance system. The DF-5A upgrade increased the throw-weight of the system from 3,000 kg to 3,200 kg.

Deployment

DF-5 range (2007 estimation)

As with the DF-4, initially the DF-5 was stored in a horizontal position in tunnels under high mountains, and are launched immediately outside the mouth of the tunnel. The missiles must be moved into the open and fueled prior to firing, an operational mode dubbed chu men fang pao (firing a cannon outdoors), with the fueling operation apparently requiring about two hours. The initial deployment of a pair of DF-5s in silos in Central China was completed in 1981. That portion of the DF-5A force that is deployed in silos could be maintained in a ready-to-fire status. In order to enhance the survivability of these missiles, China has constructed a large number of decoy silos which consist of shallow holes excavations with headworks that resemble operational silos.

According to the National Air and Space Intelligence Center, as of 1998 the deployed DF-5 force consisted of "fewer than 25" missiles. From early 1999 to 2008 the total deployed DF-5 force was generally estimated at about 20 missiles.[9]

DF-5B

According to a 2015 Pentagon report, Business Insider, Jane's Defence Weekly, and The Diplomat. China had begun to MIRV its DF-5s.[10][11][12][13][14]

It is believed about three to eight warheads can be placed on each MIRVed missile.[13][15][16][17] An improved version, named DF-5B, was shown to the public during the parade in Beijing celebrating 70 years since the end of World War II on September 3, 2015.[18][19] By that time, the DoD estimated China possessed 20 are DF-5 ICBMs, with 10 of them being DF-5B variants containing MIRVs. Although China has had the technology to field MIRV warheads for decades, they have only recently begun to do so, likely in response to the development of the American ballistic missile defense system.[20]

Operators

See also

References

  1. 1 2 The Federation of American Scientists & The Natural Resources Defense Council Chinese Nuclear Forces and U.S. Nuclear War Planning p. 202
  2. ↑ http://thediplomat.com/2015/08/revealed-china-for-the-first-time-publicly-displays-guam-killer-missile/
  3. ↑ http://www.janes.com/article/53896/china-previews-new-ballistic-missiles-in-practices-for-3-september-parade
  4. ↑ "DF-5". Federation of American Scientists. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
  5. ↑ "大国重器：东风5洲际导弹". 腾讯网. 2015-09-01. Retrieved 2016-11-28.
  6. ↑ China Stumbles Forward - Strategypage.com, December 19, 2012
  7. ↑ http://www.businessinsider.com.au/china-previewed-new-ballistic-missiles-2015-9
  8. 1 2 3 John Wilson Lewis and Hua Di (Fall 1992). "China's Ballistic Missile Programs" (PDF). International Security. 17 (2). doi:10.2307/2539167. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 22 March 2014.
  9. ↑ Military Power of the People’s Republic of China 2008 (PDF), Office of the Secretary of Defense, p. 24 (pp34 of PDF)
  10. ↑ http://thediplomat.com/2015/08/revealed-china-for-the-first-time-publicly-displays-guam-killer-missile/
  11. ↑ http://www.janes.com/article/53896/china-previews-new-ballistic-missiles-in-practices-for-3-september-parade
  12. ↑ http://www.businessinsider.com.au/china-previewed-new-ballistic-missiles-2015-9
  13. 1 2 "China Buys Into Multiple Warheads". New York Times. 20 May 2015. Retrieved 24 June 2015.
  14. ↑ http://www.defense.gov/pubs/2015_China_Military_Power_Report.pdf
  15. ↑ David Wright (20 May 2015). "China and MIRVed Warheads". Union of Concerned Scientists. Retrieved 24 June 2015.
  16. ↑ http://www.heritage.org/research/reports/1999/04/china-increases-its-missile-forces
  17. ↑ http://www.janes.com/article/53896/china-previews-new-ballistic-missiles-in-practices-for-3-september-parade
  18. ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wC8jyxbBfRM
  19. ↑ http://www.janes.com/article/54029/china-showcases-new-weapon-systems-at-3-september-parade
  20. ↑ China shows off seven ballistic missiles - Shephardmedia.com, 3 September 2015
Preceded by
DF-4		 DF-5
1999- 		Succeeded by
DF-21
  1. ↑ http://www.janes.com/article/65208/airshow-china-2016-casc-unsheathes-its-hidden-blade-lightweight-missile-system
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