Carlos P. Romulo

Carlos P. Rómulo
President of the United Nations General Assembly
In office
1949–1950
Preceded by Herbert Vere Evatt
Succeeded by Nasrollah Entezam
Minister of Foreign Affairs
In office
1968–1984
President Ferdinand Marcos
Preceded by Narciso Ramos
Succeeded by Arturo Tolentino
In office
1963–1964
President Diosdado Macapagal
Preceded by Salvador P. López
Succeeded by Mauro Mendez
In office
1950–1952
President Elpidio Quirino
Preceded by Joaquin Miguel Elizalde
Succeeded by Joaquin Miguel Elizalde
Resident Commissioner to the U.S. House of Representatives from the Philippine Islands
In office
August 10, 1944 – July 4, 1946
Preceded by Joaquin Miguel Elizalde
Succeeded by Post abolished
11th President of the University of the Philippines
In office
1962–1968
President Diosdado Macapagal
Ferdinand Marcos
Preceded by Vicente G. Sinco
Succeeded by Salvador P. Lopez
Personal details
Born Carlos Peña Rómulo
14 January 1899
Camiling, Tarlac, First Philippine Republic
Died 15 December 1985(1985-12-15) (aged 86)
Manila, Philippines
Resting place Libingan Ng Mga Bayani
Taguig City, Metro Manila, Philippines
Nationality Filipino
Alma mater University of the Philippines
Profession Diplomat, Politician
Religion Roman Catholic
Awards

Purple Heart

Silver Star
Military service
Allegiance  Philippines
Service/branch Philippine Army
United States Army
Rank Major General
Battles/wars World War II

Carlos Peña Rómulo, QSC PLH (14 January 1899 – 15 December 1985) was a Filipino diplomat, statesman, soldier, journalist and author. He was a reporter at 16, a newspaper editor by the age of 20, and a publisher at 32. He was a co-founder of the Boy Scouts of the Philippines, a general in the US Army and the Philippine Army, university president, President of the UN General Assembly, was eventually named one of the Philippines' National Artists in Literature, and was the recipient of many other honors and honorary degrees. His hometown is Camiling, Tarlac and he studied at the Camiling Central Elementary School during his basic education.

Diplomatic career

Rómulo served eight Philippine presidents, from Manuel L. Quezon to Ferdinand Marcos, as the Secretary of Foreign Affairs of the Philippines and as the country’s representative to the United States and to the United Nations. He also served as the Resident Commissioner to the U.S. House of Representatives during the Commonwealth era. In addition, he served also as the Secretary of Education in President Diosdado P. Macapagal’s and President Ferdinand E. Marcos’s Cabinet through 1962 to 1968.[1][2]

United Nations

In his career in the United Nations, Rómulo was a strong advocate of human rights, freedom and decolonization. In 1948 in Paris, France, at the third UN General Assembly, he strongly disagreed with a proposal made by the Soviet delegation headed by Andrei Vishinsky, who challenged his credentials by insulting him with this quote: "You are just a little man from a little country." In return, Romulo replied, "It is the duty of the little Davids of this world to fling the pebbles of truth in the eyes of the blustering Goliaths and force them to behave!", leaving Vishinsky with nothing left to do but sit down.[3]

President of the UN General Assembly

He served as the President of the Fourth Session of United Nations General Assembly from 1949–1950, and chairman of the United Nations Security Council.[4] He had served with General Douglas MacArthur in the Pacific, was Ambassador to the United States, and became the first non-American to win the Pulitzer Prize in Correspondence in 1942. The Pulitzer Prize website says Carlos P. Romulo of Philippine Herald was awarded "For his observations and forecasts of Far Eastern developments during a tour of the trouble centers from Hong Kong to Batavia." He was a candidate for the position of United Nations Secretary-General in 1953, but did not win.

Philippine Presidential Aspiration

Instead, he returned to the Philippines and was a candidate for the nomination as the presidential candidate for the Liberal Party, but lost at the party convention to the incumbent Elpidio Quirino, who ran unsuccessfully for re-election against Ramon Magsaysay. Quirino had agreed to a secret ballot at the convention, but after the convention opened, the president demanded an open roll-call voting, leaving the delegates no choice but supporting Quirino, the candidate of the party machine. Feeling betrayed, Romulo left the Liberal Party and became national campaign manager of Magsaysay, the candidate of the opposing Nacionalista Party who won the election.

Rómulo, portrait by Soshana, oil on canvas, 1945
Ang Paglulunsad Memorial, Lingayen, Pangasinan (Carlos P. Romulo launched in January 10, 1945 Philippine and Pacific troops to liberate Luzon

Minister of Foreign Affairs

He served as Resident Commissioner of the Philippines to the United States Congress from 1944 to 1946. He was the signatory for the Philippines to the United Nations Charter when it was founded in 1946. He was the Philippines' Secretary (Minister from 1973 to 1984) of Foreign Affairs under President Elpidio Quirino from 1950 to 1952, under President Diosdado Macapagal from 1963 to 1964 and under President Ferdinand Marcos from 1968 to 1984. In April 1955 he led the Philippines' delegation to the Asian-African Conference at Bandung.

Rómulo, in all, wrote and published 18 books, which included The United (novel), I Walked with Heroes (autobiography), I Saw the Fall of the Philippines, Mother America and I See the Philippines Rise (war-time memoirs).

Death

He died, at 87, in Manila on 15 December 1985 and was buried in the Heroes’ Cemetery (Libingan ng mga Bayani). He was honored as the Philippines’ greatest diplomat in the 20th Century.[5] In 1980, he was extolled by United Nations Secretary-General Kurt Waldheim as "Mr. United Nations" for his valuable services to the United Nations and his dedication to freedom and world peace.′

Awards and Recognitions

Gen. Romulo (3d from R), as President of the United Nations General Assembly, talks with Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru
Carlos P. Romulo statue UN Avenue.

Rómulo is perhaps among the most decorated Filipino in history, which includes 82 honorary degrees from different international institutions and universities and 74 decorations from foreign countries:

Anecdotes from Beth Rómulo through Reader's Digest (June 1989)

At the third UN General Assembly, held in Paris in 1948, the USSR’s deputy foreign minister, Andrei Vishinsky, sneered at Rómulo and challenged his credentials: “You are just a little man from a little country.” “It is the duty of the little Davids of this world,” cried Rómulo, “to fling the pebbles of truth in the eyes of the blustering Goliaths and force them to behave!”

During his meeting with Josip Broz Tito of Yugoslavia, Marshal Tito welcomed Gen. Romulo with drinks and cigars, to which the general kindly refused. Their conversation went as follows:

“ Tito: "Do you drink?"

Romulo: "No, I don't."

Tito: "Do you smoke?"

Romulo: "No, thank you."

Tito: "What do you do then?"

Romulo: "I etcetera."

 ”

At this, Marshal Tito was tickled by his reply and loudly exclaimed around the room, "I etcetera, etcetera, etcetera!"

Rómulo was a dapper little man (barely five feet four inches in shoes). When they waded in at Leyte beach in October 1944, and the word went out that General MacArthur was waist deep, one of Romulo's journalist friends cabled, “If MacArthur was in water waist deep, Rómulo must have drowned!”

In later years, Rómulo told another story himself about a meeting with MacArthur and other tall American generals who disparaged his physical stature. "Gentlemen," he declared, "When you say something like that, you make me feel like a dime among nickels."

Books

Carlos P. Romulo at the Clark Air Base (1979)

See also

References

Resident Commissioner of the Philippines to the United States Congress

  1. ↑ http://www.uprotc.org/alumni/general-carlos-romulo.html
  2. ↑ http://carlospromulo.org/bio/curriculum-vitae/
  3. ↑ Metin, Aris. "What is the Filipino Leader?". EDIzine: EDI-Staffbuilder's Official Online Newsletter. Archived from the original on 29 January 2016. Retrieved 22 January 2016.
  4. ↑ Dag Hammarskjöld Library. Retrieved 7 September 2013
  5. ↑ "Biography | General Carlos P. Romulo". carlospromulo.org. Retrieved 2016-10-22.
  6. ↑
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Carlos P. Romulo.
United States House of Representatives
Preceded by
Joaquin M. Elizalde		 Resident Commissioner from the Philippines to the United States Congress
1944–1946 		Succeeded by
post abolished
Diplomatic posts
Preceded by
Herbert Vere Evatt		 President of the United Nations General Assembly
1949–1950 		Succeeded by
Nasrollah Entezam
Academic offices
Preceded by
Vicente G. Sinco		 President of the University of the Philippines
1962–1968 		Succeeded by
Salvador P. Lopez
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