Carol Remmer Angle

Dr. Carol Remmer Angle
Carol Remmer Angle, 2012.
Born	December 20, 1927
Occupation	Pediatrician, Nephrologist, Toxicologist
Spouse(s)	Dr. William Angle (deceased 1993)
Children	Dr. Marcia Angle Dr. John F. Angle Monica Angle

Carol Remmer Angle is an American pediatrician, nephrologist, and toxicologist. Dr. Angle is known as one of the nation's leading researchers on lead poisoning.^[1] She is professor emeritus at the University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC) in Omaha, Nebraska. Dr. Angle joined UNMC in 1971^[2] and was one of the first women to serve as chair of an academic medical department (pediatrics).^[3] She also served as chief of pediatric nephrology, director of the pediatric intensive care unit, and director of medical toxicology. In 1957, Dr. Angle along with Dr. Matilda McIntire, founded one of the country’s first poison control centers.^[4] Dr. Angle is a founding member and a prior president of the American Association of Poison Control Centers.^[5] For forty years, Dr. Angle served as an expert for NIEHS, National Institutes of Health^[6] and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency panels investigating heavy metal toxicity. Dr. Angle continues as a toxicology consultant, reviewer and editor.

Education and training

Wellesley College; Cornell Medical School; New York Hospital Pediatric, Internship and Residency; University of Nebraska Hospital, Residency^[7]

Offices held and honors

• Director, Medical Education, Childrens Memorial Hospital, Omaha, Nebraska, 1954-1967^[8]
• Director, Nebraska Master Poison Control Center, 1957-1966^[9]
• State Coordinator, Nebraska Master Poison Control Center, 1957-1966^[8]
• Director, Pediatric Renal Clinic, University of Nebraska Hospital & Clinics, 1966-1984^[10]
• Director, Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, University of Nebraska Hospital, 1968-1974^[11]
• Program Chairman, American Association of Poison Control Centers, 1977-1979^[5]
• Professor, Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska College of Medicine, 1971-1998^[12]
• Director, National Foundation Birth Defects Treatment Center, Children's Memorial Hospital, 1974-1981^[10]
• Member, Toxicology Advisory Board, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, 1978-1982^[13]
• Chairman, Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska College of Medicine, 1981-1985^[14]
• Member, National Advisory Environmental Health Sciences Council, NIH, 1984-1987
• Director, Clinical Toxicology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 1985-1998^[15]
• Editor-in-Chief, Journal of Toxicology - Clinical Toxicology, 1989-2002^[16][17]
• Professor Emeritus, Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska College of Medicine, 1999–present^[18]
• Honor Award, Matthew J. Ellenhorn Award, 2003^[19]
• Honor Award, University of Nebraska Medical Center Legends Award, 2008 ^[20]

Published works (partial list)

• Angle, C. R. (1954). "Congenital bowing and angulation of long bones". Pediatrics. 13 (3): 257–268. PMID 13155074.
• Angle, C. R. (1963). "Poison Control Outlines: Toxicity of Insecticides and Herbicides". The Nebraska state medical journal. 48: 644–646. PMID 14089947.
• Angle, C. R.; McIntire, M. S. (1964). "Lead Poisoning During Pregnancy. Fetal Tolerance of Calcium Disodium Edetate". American journal of diseases of children (1960). 108: 436–439. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1964.02090010438016. PMID 14186666.
• Angle CR (1966). "Acute renal failure". J Lancet. 86: 355–362.
• Angle, C. R.; McIntire, M. S. (1966). "Evaluation of a poison information center". The Journal-lancet. 86 (7): 363–365. PMID 5939583.
• Angle, C. R.; McIntire, M. S.; Moore, R. C. (1967). "Cloverleaf skull: Kleeblattschädel-deformity syndrome". American journal of diseases of children (1960). 114 (2): 198–202. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1967.02090230128018. PMID 4951548.
• Angle CR, McIntire MS, Zetterman RA (1968). "CNS symptoms in childhood poisoning". Clin Toxicol. 1: 19–29.
• Angle CR, McIntire MS, Meile R (1968). "Neurologic sequelae of poisoning in children". J Pediat. 73: 531–539. doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(68)80268-9.
• Angle, C. R.; McIntire, M. S. (1968). "Persistent dystonia in a brain-damaged child after ingestion of phenothiazine". The Journal of Pediatrics. 73 (1): 124–126. doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(68)80050-2. PMID 5658620.
• Angle, C. R.; Glyn, M. (1969). "The value of a pediatric high intensity care unit". The Nebraska state medical journal. 54 (11): 737–740. PMID 4242184.
• Angle CR (1971). "Symposium on iron poisoning". Clin Tox. 4: 525–527.
• Angle, C. R.; McIntire, M. S. (1974). "Red cell lead, whole blood lead, and red cell enzymes". Environmental Health Perspectives. 7: 133–137. doi:10.1289/ehp.747133. PMC 1475113. PMID 4364646.
• Angle, C. R.; Wermers, J. (1974). "Human poisoning with flea-dip concentrate". Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 165 (2): 174–175. PMID 4837827.
• Angle, C. R.; McIntire, M. S.; Vest, G. (1975). "Blood lead of Omaha school children--topographic correlation with industry, traffic and housing". The Nebraska medical journal. 60 (4): 97–102. PMID 48205.
• Angle, C. R. (1975). "Locomotor skills and school accidents". Pediatrics. 56 (5): 819–822. PMID 1196740.
• Angle, C. R.; McIntire, M. S.; Brunk, G. (1977). "Effect of anemia on blood and tissue lead in rats". Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. 3 (3): 557–563. doi:10.1080/15287397709529587. PMID 926207.
• Angle CR, Trembath EJ, Strond W (1977). "The myelodysplasia and hydrocephalus program in Nebraska: A 15 year review of cost and benefits, Park I.". Nebr Med J. 62: 359–361.
• Angle, C. R.; Trembath, E. J.; Strond, W. L. (1977). "The myelodysplasia and hydrocephalus program in Nebraska: A 15 year review of costs and benefits". The Nebraska medical journal. 62 (11): 391–393. PMID 412114.
• Angle CR and McIntire MS: Lead, mercury and cadmium: toxicity in children. Paediatrician 6:204-225, 1977.
• Angle, C. R.; McIntire, M. S. (1978). "Low level lead and inhibition of erythrocyte pyrimidine nucleotidase". Environmental research. 17 (2): 296–302. doi:10.1016/0013-9351(78)90032-4. PMID 233817.
• Angle, C. R.; McIntire, M. S. (1979). "Environmental lead and children: The Omaha study". Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. 5 (5): 855–870. doi:10.1080/15287397909529795. PMID 583166.
• Angle, C. R.; Stohs, S. J.; McIntire, M. S.; Swanson, M. S.; Rovang, K. S. (1980). "Lead-induced accumulation of erythrocyte pyrimidine nucleotides in the rabbit". Toxicology and applied pharmacology. 54 (1): 161–167. doi:10.1016/0041-008x(80)90017-4. PMID 7394785.
• Angle, C. R. (1981). "The Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center". The Nebraska medical journal. 66 (3): 53–54. PMID 7231593.
• Angle, C. R.; McIntire, M. S.; Swanson, M. S.; Stohs, S. J. (1982). "Erythrocyte nucleotides in children--increased blood lead and cytidine triphosphate". Pediatric research. 16 (4 Pt 1): 331–334. doi:10.1203/00006450-198204000-00019. PMID 7079004.
• Angle, C. R.; O'Brien, T. P.; McIntire, M. S. (1983). "Adolescent self-poisoning: A nine-year followup". Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBP. 4 (2): 83–87. doi:10.1097/00004703-198306000-00001. PMID 6874961.
• Angle, C. R.; Marcus, A.; Cheng, I. H.; McIntire, M. S. (1984). "Omaha childhood blood lead and environmental lead: A linear total exposure model". Environmental research. 35 (1): 160–170. doi:10.1016/0013-9351(84)90123-3. PMID 6489285.
• Angle, C. R.; Swanson, M. S.; Stohs, S. J.; Markin, R. S. (1985). "Abnormal erythrocyte pyrimidine nucleotides in uremic subjects". Nephron. 39 (3): 169–174. doi:10.1159/000183366. PMID 2983249.
• Angle, C. R.; Kuntzelman, D. R. (1989). "Increased erythrocyte protoporphyrins and blood lead—a pilot study of childhood growth patterns". Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. 26 (2): 149–156. doi:10.1080/15287398909531241. PMID 2921779.
• Angle, C. R.; Thomas, D. J.; Swanson, S. A. (1990). "Toxicity of cadmium to rat osteosarcoma cells (ROS 17/2.8): Protective effect of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3". Toxicology and applied pharmacology. 103 (1): 113–120. doi:10.1016/0041-008x(90)90267-x. PMID 2315924.
• Angle, C. R.; Thomas, D. J.; Swanson, S. A. (1990). "Lead inhibits the basal and stimulated responses of a rat osteoblast-like cell line ROS 17/2.8 to 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and IGF-I". Toxicology and applied pharmacology. 103 (2): 281–287. doi:10.1016/0041-008x(90)90230-r. PMID 2330589.
• Angle CR, Thomas DJ, Swanson SA (1993). "Osteotoxicity of cadmium and lead in HOS TE 85 and ROS 17/2.8 cells: Relation to metallothionein induction and mitochondrial binding". BioMetals. 5: 179–184.
• Angle, C. R.; Manton, W. I.; Stanek, K. L. (1995). "Stable isotope identification of lead sources in preschool children--the Omaha Study". Journal of toxicology. Clinical toxicology. 33 (6): 657–662. doi:10.3109/15563659509010624. PMID 8523488.
• Angle CR, Swanson SA: Arsenite enhances homocysteine-induced proliferation of fibroblasts in human aortic smooth muscle cells in B12 (Cobalamin) deficient media. Submitted to Environmental Health Perspectives, July 1997.
• Angle, C. R. (2002). "Pitfalls of correlation of childhood blood lead and cognitive development". Journal of toxicology. Clinical toxicology. 40 (4): 521–522. PMID 12217008.

References

1. Buttry, Stephen (15 January 2002). "Authority on lead poisoning now focuses on her garden". Omaha World-Herald. News. p. 2B. In more than 40 years at the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Angle became one of the nation's leading researchers of lead poisoning, tying elevated blood levels of lead to various environmental causes.
2. McMaster, Andrea (21 November 2008). "2008 Legends Honored". UNMC News: University of Nebraska Medical Center. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 4 December 2012. Through much of her career, she has been active in the National Foundation Birth Defects Treatment Center and she also has served on the editorial board of the Journal of Toxicology -- Clinical Toxicology and the Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health.
3. "First Chairwoman Named by N.U. College of Medicine". Sunday World-Herald. Douglas County Historical Society. 1 March 1981. p. 10–B. For the first time in its 100-year history, the University of Nebraska College of Medicine has a woman heading one of its departments. Dr. Carol R. Angle who has been on the N.U. faculty since 1954, has been named chairman of the department of pediatrics.
4. Bradley, Qianna (4 April 2007). "Center's 50 years of saving lives Poison facts". Omaha World-Herald. The center was begun in 1957 under the leadership of Drs. Matilda McIntire and Carol Angle
5. "Omahan Heads Poison Agency". Omaha World-Herald. 10 January 1975. p. 4. Dr. Carol Angle, pediatrics professor at the University of Nebraska Medical Center, has assumed the presidency of the American Association of Poison Control Centers.
6. "First Chairwoman Named by N.U. College of Medicine". Sunday World-Herald. Douglas County Historical Society. 1 March 1981. p. 10–B. Dr. Angle, whose research focuses on environmental health related to children, is a member of a research review section for the National Institutes of Health.
7. "none". Omaha World-Herald. 10 July 1954. Dr. Angle, who comes from Oakdale, Long Island, originally is a graduate of Wellesley College and Cornell Medical School. She took two years of pediatric training at New York Hospital of Cornell Medical Center and a third year at Childrens Hospital.
8. Ware, Doris Ann (18 January 1970). "Pediatrics and Poison Her Specialties". Omaha World-Herald. p. 7–E. She was director of medical education at Childrens Memorial Hospital from 1954 until 1967, and director of the Nebraska Master Poison Control Center from 1957 until 1966.
9. "Sedative-Poisoned Children Will Participate n Study". Omaha World-Herald. 25 March 1966. p. 8. Dr. Carol R. Angle, director of the Poison Control Center at the hospital, will head the project.
10. "First Chairwoman Named by N.U. College of Medicine". Sunday World-Herald. Douglas County Historical Society. 1 March 1981. p. 10–B. She is clinical director of the N.U. Medical Center's pediatric renal clinic and the Nebraska Birth Defects Clinic.
11. Ware, Doris Ann (18 January 1970). "Pediatrics and Poison Her Specialties". Omaha World-Herald. p. 7–E. Dr. Angle is director of the pediatric intensive care unit and the pediatric renal clinic at the university, and is associate editor of the national journal, Clinical Toxicology.
12. "Two Leaving N.U. Medical Posts". Omaha World-Herald. 27 March 1980. p. 39. Dr. Carol Angle, professor of pediatrics, will serve as acting chairman of the pediatrics department, starting April 1.
13. "Adviser Named". Sunday World-Herald. 17 June 1979. p. 14–B. Dr. Carol Angle, a pediatrics professor at the University of Nebraska Medical Center, has been named a member of the Consumer Product Safety Commission's toxicology advisory board.
14. "Dr. Angle Selected". Omaha World-Herald. 18 March 1982. p. 4. Dr. Carol Angle, chairman of the department of pediatrics at the University of Nebraska Medical Center, has been selected as president-elect of the metals specialty section of the Society of Toxicology.
15. Setton, Dolly (12 October 1998). "The Berkshire Bunch". Forbes.com. Retrieved 11 December 2012. Dr. Angle still practices medicine, as director of clinical toxicology at the University of Nebraska Medical Center.
16. McMaster, Andrea (21 November 2008). "2008 Legends Honored". UNMC News: University of Nebraska Medical Center. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 4 December 2012. Through much of her career, she has been active in the National Foundation Birth Defects Treatment Center and she also has served on the editorial board of the Journal of Toxicology -- Clinical Toxicology and the Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health.
17. Buttry, Stephen (15 January 2002). "From cannonballs to gasoline, lead's history is long About this story". Omaha World-Herald. News. p. 1B. Angle, who still edits the Journal of Toxicology - Clinical Toxicology, and her colleagues began studying the health effects of emissions from Omaha's industries, which also included an Asarco refinery that eventually closed in 1997.
18. "ACMT Awards". Matthew J. Ellenhorn Award: Past Recipients: American College of Medical Toxicology. Retrieved 4 December 2012. A professor emeritus for the UNMC Department of Pediatrics, Dr. Angle joined the UNMC medical staff in 1971 and served in a number of roles including chairman of the department of pediatrics.
19. "ACMT Awards". Matthew J. Ellenhorn Award: Past Recipients: American College of Medical Toxicology. Retrieved 4 December 2012.
20. McMaster, Andrea (21 November 2008). "2008 Legends Honored". University of Nebraska Medical Center. pp. UNMC News. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 4 December 2012.