Edward Whelan (Canadian politician)
Edward Whelan (1824 – December 10, 1867) was one of Prince Edward Island's delegates to the Québec Conference and one of the Fathers of the Canadian Confederation.[1] Whelan was also a journalist, orator and advocate for responsible government.
Early years
Edward Whelan was born in 1824 in Ballina, County Mayo, in Ireland. At 7 years old, his family and his all moved to Halifax, Nova Scotia in 1831. Growing up in Halifax, he was greatly influenced by Joseph Howe, where he worked as a printing apprentice, as well as Father Richard Baptist O’Brien, a dynamic Irish priest who was a gifted orator as well as Whelan’s teacher at St. Mary’s School in Halifax. These two influences led Whelan to abandon his studies at the age of 18 to take up a position as editor of The Register, an Irish-Catholic, Liberal newspaper.
Journalism career
In early 1843, Whelan left The Register as well as Nova Scotia. He moved at the age of 19 to Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island hoping to start a new newspaper. His first attempt, The Spectator, failed. However, by June 1843 he began circulating The Palladium, which became the favoured paper of Irish Catholics living on Prince Edward Island. This venture ended in May 1845 due to debts. Edward Whelan accused the Liberals of not supporting him enough. He threatened to leave PEI but ended up staying.
Political career
In August 1846, Whelan was elected as an assemblyman for St. Peters in Kings County. He remained an assemblyman until the last year of his life but had sporadic attendance. Critics of Whelan point out that his political voice lacked the passion and genius that was apparent in his printed work.
In the fall of 1846, Whelan sought to embark on yet another newspaper venture, namely the Examiner. This publication nearly failed, but he managed to keep it going.
Whelan then devoted much of 1850 to speak at meetings regarding the concept of responsible government. This led to Whelan’s rise in stature and in April 1851, Whelan was named to the Executive Council and also appointed the Queen's Printer.
Within this new government role, Whelan spent much of his time defending the major Liberal reforms regarding the Free Education Act, extension of the franchise, and the Land Purchase Act. These Liberal reforms were not without controversy, and Whelan took the brunt of the criticism.
Confederation
In 1864, the union of the British North American colonies was the topic of the day. Though the Liberals were against confederation, Whelan supported confederation as he saw it as an opportunity for PEI to gain more control of its own affairs. Whelan was chosen to be one of the delegates to the Quebec Conference. Attending this conference made Whelan an even stronger proponent. Despite his advocacy, few politicians and residents were persuaded and Whelan became disillusioned.
End of Political Career
Whelan’s stance on Confederation as well as other issues, led him to become isolated within the Liberal party. In the election of 1867, Whelan was defeated for the first time in 21 years. There is no single cause for his defeat. He had lost support from his traditional supporters by denouncing the Tenant League and Fenianism. Moreover, his support of Confederation was unpopular with the people of PEI. On all three of these issues, his opponent, Edward Reilly, had the edge.
However, Whelan believed that the defeat came from the disapproval of the newly appointed cleric of St. Peters, Father William Phelan, a supporter of Reilly. Whelan felt that the clergy had unduly influenced the election.
Whelan felt very bitter about this defeat and by the autumn of 1867 his health slowly deteriorated. Whelan died on December 10, 1867.
External links
- Biography at the Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online
- Information on Edward Whelan at Collections Canada
- Brief Biography at The Canadian Encyclopedia
References
- ↑ "Fathers of Confederation". www.canadahistory.com. Retrieved October 6, 2013.