Eleanor of Lancaster

Eleanor of Lancaster
An 18th-century depiction of Eleanor and her second husband, Richard Fitzalan, 10th Earl of Arundel
Lady Beaumont Countess of Arundel
Born	11 September 1318
Died	11 January 1372 (aged 53) Arundel
Burial	Lewes Priory, Sussex
Spouse	John de Beaumont, 2nd Baron Beaumont (m. 1330; d. 1342) Richard FitzAlan, 10th Earl of Arundel (m. 1344)
Issue	Henry Beaumont, 3rd Baron Beaumont Matilda de Courtenay Richard FitzAlan, 11th Earl of Arundel John FitzAlan, 1st Baron Arundel Thomas Arundel, Archbishop of Canterbury Joan Fitzalan, Countess of Hereford Alice Fitzalan, Countess of Kent Mary Fitzalan, Lady Strange of Blackmere Eleanor Fitzalan
House	Plantagenet
Father	Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster
Mother	Maud Chaworth

Eleanor of Lancaster, Countess of Arundel (sometimes called Eleanor Plantagenet;^[1] 11 September 1318^[2] – 11 January 1372) was the fifth daughter of Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster and Maud Chaworth.

First marriage and issue

Eleanor married first on 6 November 1330 John de Beaumont, 2nd Baron Beaumont (d. 1342), son of Henry Beaumont, 4th Earl of Buchan, 1st Baron Beaumont (c.1288-1340) by his wife Alice Comyn (1289-3 July 1349). He died in a tournament on 14 April 1342. They had one son, born to Eleanor in Ghent whilst serving as lady-in-waiting to Queen Philippa of Hainault:

• Henry Beaumont, 3rd Baron Beaumont, (4 April 1340 – 25 July 1369^[3]), the first husband of Lady Margaret de Vere (d. 15 June 1398), the daughter of John de Vere, 7th Earl of Oxford by his wife Maud de Badlesmere. Henry and Margaret had one son, John Beaumont, 4th Baron Beaumont KG (1361-1396).

Second marriage

On 5 February 1344 at Ditton Church, Stoke Poges, Buckinghamshire, she married Richard FitzAlan, 10th Earl of Arundel.^[4]

His previous marriage, to Isabel le Despenser, had taken place when they were children. It was annulled by Papal mandate as she, since her father's attainder and execution, had ceased to be of any importance to him. Pope Clement VI obligingly annulled the marriage, bastardized the issue, and provided a dispensation for his second marriage to the woman with whom he had been living in adultery (the dispensation, dated 4 March 1344/1345, was required because his first and second wives were first cousins).

The children of Eleanor's second marriage were:

1. Richard (1346–1397), who succeeded as Earl of Arundel
2. John Fitzalan (bef 1349 - 1379)
3. Thomas Arundel, Archbishop of Canterbury (c. 1353 - 19 February 1413)
4. Lady Joan FitzAlan (1347/1348 - 7 April 1419), married Humphrey de Bohun, 7th Earl of Hereford
5. Lady Alice FitzAlan (1350 - 17 March 1416), married Thomas Holland, 2nd Earl of Kent (Thomas Holand)
6. Lady Mary FitzAlan (died 29 August 1396), married John Le Strange, 4th Lord Strange of Blackmere, by whom she had issue
7. Lady Eleanor FitzAlan (1356 - before 1366)

Later life

The memorial effigy of Eleanor and Richard Fitzalan in Chichester Cathedral.

Eleanor died at Arundel and was buried at Lewes Priory in Lewes, Sussex, England. Her husband survived her by four years, and was buried beside her; in his will Richard requests to be buried "near to the tomb of Eleanor de Lancaster, my wife; and I desire that my tomb be no higher than hers, that no men at arms, horses, hearse, or other pomp, be used at my funeral, but only five torches...as was about the corpse of my wife, be allowed."

The memorial effigies attributed to Eleanor and her husband Richard Fitzalan, 10th Earl of Arundel in Chichester Cathedral are the subject of the Philip Larkin poem "An Arundel Tomb."

Ancestry

Ancestors of Eleanor of Lancaster

16. John of England               8. Henry III of England                       17. Isabella of Angoulême               4. Edmund Crouchback, 1st Earl of Lancaster                             18. Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Provence               9. Eleanor of Provence                       19. Beatrice of Savoy               2. Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster                                   20. Louis VIII of France               10. Robert I of Artois                       21. Blanche of Castile               5. Blanche of Artois                             22. Henry II, Duke of Brabant               11. Matilda of Brabant                       23. Marie of Hohenstaufen               1. Eleanor of Lancaster                                         24. Pain de Chaworth               12. Patrick de Chaworth                       25. Gundred de la Ferte               6. Patrick de Chaworth, Lord of Kidwelly                             26. Thomas de Londres               13. Hawise de Londres                       27. Eva de Tracy               3. Maud Chaworth                                   28. William Beauchamp               14. William de Beauchamp, 9th Earl of Warwick                       29. Isabella Mauduit               7. Isabella de Beauchamp                             30. John FitzGeoffrey               15. Maud FitzJohn                       31. Isabel Bigod

Sources

• Fowler, Kenneth. The King's Lieutenant, 1969
• Nicolas, Nicholas Harris. Testamenta Vetusta, 1826.
• Weis, Frederick Lewis, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America Before 1700, Lines: 17-30, 21-30, 28-33, 97-33, 114-31

Notes

1. The surname "Plantagenet" has been retrospectively applied to the descendants of Geoffrey V, Count of Anjou and Empress Matilda without historical justification: it is simply a convenient, if deceptive, method of referring to people who had, in fact, no surname. The first descendant of Geoffrey to use the surname was Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York (father of both Edward IV of England and Richard III of England) who apparently assumed it about 1448.
2. Burke's Guide to the Royal Family. Burke's Peerage Ltd., London. 1973. p. 196. ISBN 0220662223.
3. Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, 1st series, Vol. 12, No. 321.
4. also called Richard de Arundel