Emil Doepler

A portrait of Emil Doepler by C. W. Allers (1877).

Emil Doepler "the Younger" (29 October 1855 in Munich – 21 December 1922 in Berlin) was a German Art Nouveau illustrator, decorative artist, and art teacher.[1][2] Emil Doepler was son of Carl Emil Doepler, painter, artist, and costume designer.[1]

Works

Reich's President Friedrich Ebert declared Doepler's design to be the official German coat of arms as of 11 November 1919, following a decision of the Reich's government.[3]

German eagle, Doepler's design, 1919–28 crest of Weimar Republic, afterwards – till 1935 – used as Reich's and since 1949 as Federal German escutcheon.

Since 1928 the new Reichswappen (Reich's coat of arms), designed by Tobias Schwab (1887–1967), replaced it.[4][5][6] Doepler's design then became the Reichsschild (Reich's escutcheon) with restricted use such as pennant for government vehicles. In 1949 the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) adopted Doepler's design as Bundesschild for the same purposes.[6]

See also

Notes

  1. 1 2 Simek (2007:62).
  2. ↑ Aynsley (2000:70).
  3. ↑ Jana Leichsenring, "Staatssymbole: Der Bundesadler", in: Aktueller Begriff, Deutscher Bundestag – Wissenschaftliche Dienste (ed.), No. 83/08 (12 December 2008), p. 1.
  4. ↑ Cf. Reichswappen as depicted in the table: "Deutsches Reich: Wappen I" in: Der Große Brockhaus: Handbuch des Wissens in zwanzig Bänden: 21 vols., Leipzig: Brockhaus, 151928–1935; vol. 4 "Chi–Dob" (1929), p. 648.
  5. ↑ Jürgen Hartmann, "Der Bundesadler", in: Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte (No. 03/2008), Institut für Zeitgeschichte (ed.), pp. 495-509, here p. 501.
  6. 1 2 Jana Leichsenring, "Staatssymbole: Der Bundesadler", in: Aktueller Begriff, Deutscher Bundestag – Wissenschaftliche Dienste (ed.), No. 83/08 (12 December 2008), p. 2

References

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