Enns (river)

Enns
The Ennstal between Stainach and Liezen
Country	Austria
Basin
Main source	Radstädter Tauern (mountains)
River mouth	Danube at Mauthausen
Basin size	6,000 km^2 (2,300 sq mi)
Physical characteristics
Length	254 km (158 mi)
Discharge	Average rate: 201 m^3/s (7,100 cu ft/s)

The Enns is a southern tributary of the Danube River, joining northward at Enns, Austria. The Enns River spans 254 kilometres (158 mi), in a flat-J-shape.^[1] It flows from its source near the towns of Gasthofalm and Flachau, generally eastward through Radstadt, Schladming, and Liezen, then turns north near Hieflau, to flow past Weyer and Ternberg through Steyr, and further north to the Danube at Enns (see map in References).^[1]

Geography

The Enns has its source in the Radstädter Tauern mountains in the Austrian state of Salzburg. In a valley which developed during the ice age, it flows at the border between the Northern Limestone Alps and the Central Eastern Alps on an eastern trajectory through Styria, where it passes the Dachstein group at its southern side. Between Admont and Hieflau, it takes a turn to the North and passes through the Gesäuse, a gorge of a length of 15 km (9.3 mi), where it penetrates the limestone of the Ennstaler Alpen. Flowing to the north from there on, it reaches the state of Upper Austria at the mouth of the Laußabach. North of Steyr, it forms the border between Upper Austria and Lower Austria (formerly also known as Austria above the Enns and Austria below the Enns). Finally, it meets the Danube at Mauthausen and the city of Enns.

The Enns is a typical wild water river and draws its water from an area of more than 6,000 square kilometres (2,300 sq mi), which is the fifth-largest in Austria. The average outflow at its mouth is 201 cubic metres per second (7,100 cu ft/s).

History

In the middle of the 19th century, canals began to be built along the 70 km (43 mi) between Weißenbach and the Gesäuse, in order to make use of the water for agriculture and forestry.

In total, ten power plants, with a total generative power of 345 megawatts, have been built by the Ennskraftwerke AG.

Towns along the river

in Salzburg

• Radstadt

in Styria

• Schladming
• Gröbming
• Liezen
• Selzthal
• Admont

in Upper Austria

• Großraming
• Ternberg
• Garsten
• Steyr
• Enns

Hydroelectric power stations

Currently, there are 15 hydroelectric power stations on the Enns.^[2] The power stations are listed beginning at the headwaters:

Dam	Nameplate capacity (MW)	Annual generation (Mio. kwh)
Gstatterboden	2	6.8
Hieflau	63	388
Landl	25	135.5
Krippau	30	173.5
Altenmarkt	26	165.9
Schönau	30	122.8
Weyer	37	159.6
Großraming	72	270.7
Losenstein	39	170
Ternberg	40	169.7
Rosenau	34	145.5
Garsten-St. Ulrich	38	162.5
Staning	43	203.2
Mühlrading	25	111.8
St. Pantaleon	52	261.6

Tributaries

The most important inflows are the Palten, the Salza and the Steyr (river).

Transport

A major transit route connecting Germany and Slovenia through Austria runs through the Enns valley. The so-called Eisenstraße ("iron road") runs along the river between Hieflau and Enns, along which iron ore has been transported from the Styrian Erzberg (ore mountain) to the steel mill in Linz.

References

1. "Karte-Enns" (river map in German), RadTouren.at (Austria), May 2009, webpage: RT-map at the Wayback Machine (archive index) (236kb).
2. "Die Enns" (in German). Verbund. Retrieved 2016-09-14.

Coordinates: 48°14′N 14°30′E / 48.233°N 14.500°E