Eric Plant

Eric Clive Pegus Plant
The then Brigadier Eric Plant, commander of 25th Brigade, pinning the Victoria Cross ribbon on Corporal J. Gordon, Syria, November 1941
Born	23 April 1890 Charters Towers, Queensland
Died	17 May 1950 (aged 60) Bayview, Sydney, New South Wales
Allegiance	Australia
Service/branch	Australian Army
Rank	Major General
Service number	QX6392
Commands held	5th Military District (1942) 25th Brigade (1941) 24th Brigade (1940–41) Royal Military College, Duntroon (1939–40)
Battles/wars	First World War Gallipoli Campaign Western Front Second World War North African Campaign Syrian Campaign Home Front
Awards	Companion of the Order of the Bath Distinguished Service Order & Bar Officer of the Order of the British Empire Officer of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem Mentioned in Despatches (7) Croix de guerre (France)

Major General Eric Clive Pegus Plant CB, DSO & Bar, OBE (23 April 1890 – 17 May 1950) was an officer in the Australian Army who served during the First and Second World Wars.

Early life

Eric Clive Pegus Plant was born in Charters Towers, Queensland, on 23 April 1890 to English immigrants. His paternal uncle was Edmund Plant, a Queensland politician. He attended Brisbane Grammar School, and developing an interest in military life, became a cadet. This led to his commissioning into the 9th Infantry (Moreton) Regiment, a Citizens Militia Force unit, in 1908.^[1]

Military career

In 1912, Plant joined the Australian Army, and was attached to the Administrative and Instructional Staff in Victoria as a lieutenant. He would later be assigned to the 15th Light Horse Regiment.^[1]

First World War

Following the outbreak of the First World War, Plant transferred to the Australian Imperial Force (AIF). He was assigned as aide-de-camp to Major General William Bridges, the commander of the AIF, and shipped out to Egypt in October 1914.^[1]

His duties as aide-de-camp to Major General Bridges ended in March 1915, when Plant was assigned to 9th Battalion as assistant adjutant. He landed with the battalion at Gallipoli on 25 April, advancing as far as 'Third Ridge' with his party of men before being forced to retreat to a safer position for fear of being cut off.^[2] Having been promoted to captain following the Gallipoli landings, he was wounded in the hand on 3 June and left Gallipoli for treatment before returning to the battalion over a month later. Later in the campaign he suffered enteric fever, which necessitated his evacuation to England via Malta.^[1]

Having recovered, Plant was promoted to brigade major in March 1916 and assigned to 6th Brigade, then serving on the Western Front.^[1] He worked closely with the brigade commander, Brigadier General John Gellibrand,^[3] during the brigade's various actions during 1916 and early 1917, including the Battle of Pozières. For his work, he was awarded the Distinguished Service Order (DSO).^[4] He was awarded a bar to his DSO in 1917 for his leadership during the Second Battle of Bullecourt, in which he rallied straggling infantry under heavy artillery fire.^[5] From July, he would serve with the headquarters of 4th Division. When the war ended, he was transferred to the Repatriation and Demobilization Department of the army. For his wartime service, he was awarded the Croix de guerre and had been mentioned in despatches a total of six times. He was also made an Officer of the Order of the British Empire for his service with the 4th Division.^[1][6]

Interwar period

Plant, having been made a temporary lieutenant colonel, eventually returned to Australia in July 1920, along with his wife Oona Hunter Brown, whom he had married in London in early 1918. His service with the AIF ended shortly after his return, and he was reduced to his previous rank and transferred to the Staff Corps. After a spell with the Staff College at Camberley, he held a series of staff posts until 1937, at which time he took up the post of director of military training.^[1]

Second World War

Major General Plant (right) with his replacement as General Officer Commanding, New South Wales Lines of Communication, Lieutenant General Berryman, 4 March 1946

Plant was a temporary brigadier and the commandant of the Royal Military College at Duntroon when the war broke out in September 1939. Put in command of the 24th Brigade, which had been formed in July 1940 and allocated to the 9th Division, he embarked with the Second Australian Imperial Force (2AIF) for the Middle East later that year.^[1] In March 1941, the commander of the 2AIF, General Thomas Blamey, promoted Plant to a temporary major general and appointed him commander of the rear echelon area in the Middle East while he himself was supervising the 2AIF forces in the Greece theatre.^[7]

On 24 June, Plant, reverting to his previous rank, replaced Brigadier Alfred Baxter-Cox as commander of the 25th Brigade and led it through the remainder of the Syrian Campaign.^[8] He earned his seventh mention in despatches for his period in command of the brigade.^[9] When the Japanese Empire entered the war, raising fears of a possible Japanese invasion of Australia, he was one of a number of experienced brigadiers recalled to Australia for important positions in the army forces stationed on the home front.^[10]

Plant was returned to his temporary rank of major general and appointed commander of the 5th Military District, also referred to as Western Command. This responsibility covered Western Australia.^[11] From April 1942, he was responsible for the Line of communication in Victoria and then in New South Wales for the remainder of the war.^[1]

Later life

Plant retired from the army in August 1946, with his rank of major general having been substantive. Just before his retirement, he was presented with the insignia of a Companion of the Order of the Bath at Government House in Sydney.^[12] In 1947, he was made an Officer of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem. Later in life, he developed cancer and this eventually led to his death on 17 May 1950 in Sydney at the relatively young age of 60. He was survived by his wife and two sons.^[1]

Notes

1. Sutton (2002). "Plant, Eric Clive Pegus (1890–1950)". Retrieved 7 February 2012.
2. Bean, 1941a, pp. 405 – 406
3. Bean, 1941b, p. 601
4. "Honours and awards: Citation for DSO" (PDF). Australian War Memorial. Retrieved 2 March 2012.
5. "Honours and awards: Citation for bar to DSO" (PDF). Australian War Memorial. Retrieved 2 March 2012.
6. "Honours and awards: Citation for OBE" (PDF). Australian War Memorial. Retrieved 2 March 2012.
7. Long, 1953, p. 22
8. Long, 1953, p. 459
9. "Honours and awards: Mention in despatches". Australian War Memorial. Retrieved 2 March 2012.
10. Long, 1953, p. 549
11. Long, 1961, p. 28
12. "Honours and awards: CB" (PDF). Australian War Memorial. Retrieved 2 March 2012.

References

• Bean, C. E. W (1941a). Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918. Volume I – The Story of ANZAC from the outbreak of war to the end of the first phase of the Gallipoli Campaign, May 4, 1915. Sydney, Australia: Angus & Robertson Limited.
• Bean, C. E. W (1941b). Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918. Volume III – The Australian Imperial Force in France, 1916. Sydney, Australia: Angus & Robertson Limited.
• Long, Gavin (1953). Australia in the War of 1939–1945. Series 1 – Army: Volume II – Greece, Crete and Syria. Canberra, Australia: Australian War Memorial.
• Long, Gavin (1961). Australia in the War of 1939–1945. Series 1 – Army: Volume I – To Benghazi. Canberra, Australia: Australian War Memorial.
• Sutton, R. (2002). Plant, Eric Clive Pegus (1890–1950). Melbourne, Australia: Melbourne University Press.