Flag of Manchukuo

Manchukuo

Name	National flag of Manchukuo.
Use	Civil and state flag, civil ensign
Proportion	2:3
Adopted	March 1, 1932
Variant flag of Manchukuo
Name	Manchukuo War Flag and Naval Ensign.
Use	War flag and naval ensign
Proportion	2:3
Variant flag of Manchukuo
Name	Flag of the Emperor of Manchukuo.
Proportion	2:3

The flag of the now-defunct Empire of Manchukuo had a mustard yellow field with four horizontal stripes of different colors in the upper-left corner. The colors of the flag were based on the colors on the Five Races Under One Union flags used by the Beiyang government and the Empire of China. The flag is also similar to the flag used by the Fengtian clique. The flag was first established in Announcement of National Flag on March 1, 1932.^[1]

According to the Document of the Explanation of National Flag issued by state council of Manchukuo on February 24, 1933, the colours on the flag represent the four directions and center.^[2] The Study of Manchukuo National Flag published by state council of Manchukuo later also gave an representative based on Wu Xing.^[3]

• Yellow represents the Center, symbolizes the rule of emperor of four directions and virtue of Ren in Confucianism, also Earth in Five Elements.
• Red represents the South, symbolizes passion and courage, also Fire in Five Elements.
• Blue represents the East, symbolizes youthfulness and holiness, also Wood in Five Elements.
• White represents the West, symbolizes purity and justice, also Gold in Five Elements.
• Black represents the North, symbolizes will and determination, also Water in Five Elements.^[4]

The colours also represents five major peoples in Manchukuo:

• Yellow represents the Manchu people.
• Red represents the Japanese (Yamato) people.
• Blue represents the Han Chinese.
• White represents the Mongol people.
• Black represents the Korean people.

Other Manchukuo flags

Historical national flag

• 

  Flag of Manchukuo,from 9 March 1932 to 1 March 1934

Navy of Manchukuo

• 

  Flag of Navy Minister

• 

  Flag of admiral of the Navy

• 

  Flag of viceadmiral of the Navy

• 

  Flag of rear admiral of the Navy

• 

  Flag of commodore of the Navy

• 

  Flag of superior commander of the Navy

Coast Guard

• 

  Flag of the Manchukuo Shipping Office

• 

  Flag of marine support ships

• 

  Flag of the Manchukuo Coast Guard

Marine Police

• 

  Flag of Marine Police

• 

  Flag of Chief of Civil Administration

• 

  Flag of Chief of Police Civil Administration

• 

  Flag of Chief of Marine Police

• 

  Flag of Marine Police Senior Officer at Present Afloat

Postal flag

• 

  Postal flag of Manchukuo.

Political Organization

• 

  Flag of Concordia Association

See also

• List of Chinese flags

References

1. "満洲國政府公報日譯" 第1号、1932年4月1日、3頁
2. 对国旗意义的解释文件, State council of Manchukuo, February 24, 1933
3. 《新国家大満洲》，趙欣伯 著，東京書房，昭和7年
4. 貴志俊彦著『満洲国のビジュアル・メディア―ポスター・絵はがき・切手』、吉川弘文館 22頁、ISBN 978-4642080361

• Flags of the World - Manchukuo (Japanese Puppet State in China)