Frederick IV, Elector Palatine

Frederick IV "the Righteous"
Frederick IV, Elector Palatine
Elector Palatine
Reign	1583-1610
Predecessor	Louis VI
Successor	Frederick V
Spouse(s)	Louise Juliana of Nassau
Issue Luise Juliane, Countess Palatine of Zweibrücken Katharina Sofie Frederick V, Elector Palatine Elisabeth Charlotte, Electress of Brandenburg Anna Eleonore Louis William Maurice Christian Louis Philip, Count Palatine of Simmern-Kaiserslautern
Noble family	Wittelsbach Palatinate-Simmern
Father	Louis VI, Elector Palatine
Mother	Elisabeth of Hesse
Born	5 March 1574 Amberg
Died	19 September 1610 (aged 36) Heidelberg
Religion	Calvinism

Frederick IV, Elector Palatine of the Rhine (German: Kurfürst Friedrich IV. von der Pfalz; 5 March 1574 – 19 September 1610), only surviving son of Louis VI, Elector Palatine and Elisabeth of Hesse, called "Frederick the Righteous" (German: Friedrich Der Aufrichtige; French: Frédéric IV le juste).

Life

Born in Amberg, his father died in October 1583 and Frederick came under the guardianship of his uncle, John Casimir, an ardent Calvinist. The Calvinist mathematician and astronomer Bartholemaeus Pitiscus served as Frederick's tutor and later became court preacher.

In January 1592, Frederick assumed control of the government of the Electorate of the Palatinate upon the death of John Casimir. Frederick continued John Casimir's anti-Catholic measures and in 1608 became the head of the Protestant military alliance known as the Protestant Union. He soon fell prey to alcoholism, leaving state matters largely to his chief minister Christian of Anhalt.^[1] Frederick IV died in 1610 in Heidelberg.

Family and children

In 1593 he married Louise Juliana of Nassau, the daughter of William I of Orange and Charlotte de Bourbon-Monpensier. They had eight children:

• Luise Juliane of the Palatinate (Heidelberg, 16 July 1594 - Meisenheim, 28 April 1640); married in 1612 to Pfalzgraf John II, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken.
• Katharina Sofie of the Palatinate (Heidelberg, 10 June 1595 - Köln an der Spree, 28 June 1626).
• Frederick V, Elector Palatine (Jagdschloß Deinschwang, 16 August 1596 - Mainz, 29 November 1632).
• Elisabeth Charlotte of the Palatinate (Neumarkt, 19 November 1597 - Crossen an der Oder, 26 April 1660); married in 1616 to Elector George William of Brandenburg.
• Anna Eleonore of the Palatinate (Heidelberg, 4 January 1599 - Heidelberg, 10 October 1600).
• Louis William of the Palatinate (Heidelberg, 5 August 1600 - Heidelberg, 10 October 1600).
• Maurice Christian of the Palatinate (Heidelberg, 18 September 1601 - Heidelberg, 28 March 1605).
• Louis Philip, Count Palatine of Simmern-Kaiserslautern (Heidelberg, 23 November 1602 - Krossen, 6 January 1655).

Ancestors

Ancestors of Frederick IV, Elector Palatine

16. John I, Count Palatine of Simmern               8. John II, Count Palatine of Simmern                       17. Joanna of Nassau-Saarbrücken               4. Frederick III, Elector Palatine                             18. Christopher I of Baden-Baden               9. Beatrix of Baden                       19. Ottilie of Katzenelnbogen               2. Louis VI, Elector Palatine                                   20. Frederick I of Brandenburg-Ansbach               10. Casimir, Margrave of Brandenburg-Bayreuth                       21. Sophia Jagiellon               5. Marie of Brandenburg-Kulmbach                             22. Albert IV, Duke of Bavaria               11. Susanna of Bavaria                       23. Kunigunde of Austria               1. Frederick IV, Elector Palatine                                         24. Louis II, Landgrave of Hesse               12. William II, Landgrave of Hesse                       25. Mathilde of Württemberg-Urach               6. Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse                             26. Magnus II, Duke of Mecklenburg               13. Anna of Mecklenburg-Schwerin                       27. Sophie of Pomerania-Stettin               3. Elisabeth of Hesse                                   28. Albert, Duke of Saxony               14. George, Duke of Saxony                       29. Sidonie of Poděbrady               7. Christine of Saxony                             30. Casimir IV Jagiellon               15. Barbara Jagiellon                       31. Elizabeth of Austria

Notes

1. Parker 1997 p. 23

References

• Parker, Geoffrey (ed.) (1997): The Thirty Years' War: Second Edition. Routledge.