French frigate Pourvoyeuse (1772)
| History | |
|---|---|
   France | |
| Namesake: | "Purveyor" |
| Ordered: | 6 February 1772[1] |
| Builder: | Lorient |
| Laid down: | March 1772[1] |
| Launched: | 10 November 1772[1] |
| In service: | 1773[1] |
| Out of service: | 1794[1] |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type: | Pourvoyeuse class frigate |
| Displacement: | 840 tonnes[1] |
| Length: | 50 m (160 ft) [1] |
| Beam: | 12.3 m (40 ft) [1] |
| Draught: | 6.3 m (21 ft) [1] |
| Armament: |
|
The Pourvoyeuse was a 40-gun frigate of the French Navy, lead ship of her class. She is notable as one of the earliest attempts at building a frigate armed with 24-pounders on the artillery deck, rather than the 18-pounders typical of the day.
Career
Launched in Lorient in November 1772, Pourvoyeuse was completed during the following year.
During the American Revolutionary War, she took part in the Indian campaign of the naval operations, notable in the Siege of Pondicherry.[1] At the outbreak of the war, Pourvoyeuse, under Captain Saint-Orens, constituted the brunt of the French naval forces at Pondicherry, along with the 64-gun Brillant, under Captain Tronjoly, whose departure for France had been delayed in response to the British preparations for war.[2]
On 21 February 1779, under Captain de Tromelin,[3] she captured the East Indiaman Osterley.[1][4][note 1]
On 1 November 1781, Lieutenant Morard de Galles received command of Pourvoyeuse.[5][6] After the Battle of Negapatam in July 1782, Pourvoyeuse had to provide her entire main mast to Brillant and exchange it for that of the fluyt Fortitude.[7]
In late 1782, Pourvoyeuse cruised in the Strait of Malacca under Captain de Lannuguy-Tromelin. On 9 September, she encountered the East Indiamen Asia, Essex, Locko, and Osterley (built in 1780), and the country ship Shah Byram Gore. The next day an inconclusive two-and-a-half hour battle ensued, after which Pourvoyeuse withdrew.[3] She had suffered four men killed and several wounded.
After Pourvoyeuse withdrew, she sailed for Malacca where she could take shelter under the guns of the Dutch fort there. On December 26 she arrived at Trincomalee, which the French under Bailli de Suffren had captured from the British at the battle of Trincomalee on 3 September 1782, having left him and his squadron at Aceh, where they were wintering. At Trincomalee the memorist William Hickey met Trommelin. Later, Hickey described Pourvoyeuse as "Almost tumbling to pieces, and in want of every kind of stores."[8]
Fate
Pourvoyeuse was later armed en flûte, with her armament reduced to 26 guns. She was eventually struck from the lists in 1794.[1]
Notes, citations, and references
Notes
- ↑ Roche indicates 21 February 1778 for the date of the capture of the Osterley, but this is probably a typo; the National Archives state that Osterley was captured on 22 February 1779, as does Cunat with his Histoire du Bailly Suffren.
Citations
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Roche, vol.1, p.360
- ↑ Troude, p. 20
- 1 2 Unienville (2004), p.260.
- ↑ National Archives - Osterley (2), - accessed 23 July 2015.
- ↑ "Justin Bonaventure Morard de Galles" in Charles Mullié, Biographie des célébrités militaires des armées de terre et de mer de 1789 à 1850, 1852
- ↑ Troude, p. 167-168
- ↑ Troude, p. 188
- ↑ Spencer (1913-25), Vol. 3, p. 111.
References
- Cunat, Histoire du Bailly de Suffren, 1852
- Roche, Jean-Michel (2005). Dictionnaire des bâtiments de la flotte de guerre française de Colbert à nos jours. 1. Group Retozel-Maury Millau. ISBN 978-2-9525917-0-6. OCLC 165892922.
- Spencer, Alfred, Ed. (1913-25) The Memoirs of William Hickey (London: Hurst & Blackett).
- Troude, Onésime-Joachim (1867). Batailles navales de la France (in French). 2. Challamel ainé.
- Unienville, Raymond d' (2004) Hier Suffren.