Heng Samrin

His Excellency
Samdech Akeak Moha Ponhea Chakrei

Heng Samrin
MP
4th President of the National Assembly
Assumed office
21 March 2006
Monarch Norodom Sihamoni
Prime Minister Hun Sen
Vice President Nguon Nhel
Say Chhum
Khuon Sodary
Kem Sokha
Preceded by Norodom Ranariddh
General Secretary of the Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Party
In office
5 December 1981  17 October 1991
Preceded by Pen Sovan
Succeeded by Chea Sim, as President of the Cambodian People's Party
President of the People's Republic of Kampuchea
In office
7 January 1979  6 April 1992
Prime Minister Pen Sovan
Chan Sy
Hun Sen
Preceded by Position established
Succeeded by Chea Sim, as Chairman of the Council of State
Member of Parliament
for Kampong Cham
Assumed office
26 July 1998
Personal details
Born (1934-05-25) 25 May 1934
Ponhea Kraek, Kampong Cham, Cambodia
Political party Cambodian People's Party
Spouse(s) Sao Ty
Children 4
Religion Buddhism

Heng Samrin (Khmer: ហេង សំរិន; born 25 May 1934) is a Cambodian politician who was the de facto leader of the Hanoi-backed People's Republic of Kampuchea from 1979 to 1981 and General Secretary of the Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Party from 1981 to 1991. He has been the President of the National Assembly of Cambodia since 2006; he is also Honorary President of the Cambodian People's Party (CPP) and a Member of Parliament for Kampong Cham Province. Heng Samrin is Cambodia's oldest parliamentarian, at 82 years of age. His honorary title is "Samdech Akeak Moha Ponhea Chakrei Heng Samrin" (Khmer: សម្តេចអគ្គមហាពញាចក្រី ហេង សំរិន).

Life and career

Heng Samrin was born in Kampong Cham Province, Cambodia, in 1934. He joined the Khmer Rouge communist movement led by Pol Pot, and became a political commissar and army division commander when the Khmer Rouge, backed by China, took over the government in 1975. In 1978, after a series of violent purges within the Khmer Rouge leadership in which many prominent cadre members whom Pol Pot felt might be rivals were executed, he fled to Vietnam.[1] In Vietnam he was one of the founding members of the Kampuchean United Front for National Salvation (FUNSK). Later that year, Heng returned to Cambodia and organized a resistance movement with the backing and support of Vietnam and the Soviet Union.

After a Vietnamese invasion of Cambodia overthrew the Khmer Rouge in 1979, Vietnamese occupation authorities established the People's Republic of Kampuchea, installing Heng and other pro-Vietnamese Communist politicians as leaders of the new government.[2] He became chairman of the People's Revolutionary Council of the PRK in 1979. In 1981 he became chairman of the Council of State and secretary-general of the People's Revolutionary Party. Though at first he was the effective leader of the government, he lost much of his power when Hun Sen became Prime Minister in 1985. As Vietnamese influence declined, Samrin gradually lost his posts, including the post of secretary-general in 1991 and chairman of the council of state in 1992. When King Norodom Sihanouk was restored in 1993, Samrin was given the honorary title of Sâmdech, senior advisor of the King, and was made honorary chairman of Hun Sen's Cambodian People's Party. He was vice chairman of the National Assembly of Cambodia (1998–2006). Since 2006, he has acted as Chairman of the Solidarity Front for Development of the Cambodian Motherland.

The Cambodian People's Party recently released a book about Samrin called A Man of the People,[3] dedicated to him as a hero.[4] According to that book, among supporters of the ruling CPP Heng Samrin is a "much loved and respected figure", even though his recent duties are often largely ceremonial.[5] His full title is Samdach Akeak Moha Ponhea Chakrei Heng Samrin, Protean Radhsaphea ney Preah Reacheanachak Kampuchea (Khmer: សម្តេចអគ្គមហាពញាចក្រី ហេង សំរិន ប្រធានរដ្ឋសភា នៃព្រះរាជាណាចក្រកម្ពុជា).

See also

References

  1. Jackson, Karl D. (2014). Cambodia, 1975-1978: Rendezvous with Death. Princeton University Press. p. 206. ISBN 9781400851706. Retrieved 16 November 2015.
  2. Heller, H (2007). "Cambodia: Modern History". In Marshall Cavendish. World and Its peoples: Eastern and Southern Asia. 6. p. 765.
  3. Heng Samrin, A Man of the People.
  4. Hunt, Luke. "Heng Samrin, Man of the People". Retrieved 1 June 2012.
  5. Hunt, Luke. "Heng Samrin, Man of the People". The Diplomate. Retrieved 1 June 2012.
Political offices
Preceded by
Khieu Samphan
President of the State Presidium
Chairman of the Revolutionary Council of Kampuchea
1979 1981
Succeeded by
Himself
Chairman of the State Council
Preceded by
Himself
Chairman of the Revolutionary Council
Chairman of the State Council of Cambodia
1981 1992
Succeeded by
Chea Sim
Preceded by
Norodom Ranariddh
President of the National Assembly of Cambodia
2006 present
Incumbent
Party political offices
Preceded by
Pen Sovan
General Secretary of the Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Party
1981 1991
Succeeded by
Chea Sim
President of the People's Party
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