History of Persian Egypt

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pre–3100 BC

Ancient Egypt
Early Dynastic Period	3100–2686 BC
Old Kingdom	2686–2181 BC
1st Intermediate Period	2181–2055 BC
Middle Kingdom	2055–1650 BC
2nd Intermediate Period	1650–1550 BC
New Kingdom	1550–1069 BC
3rd Intermediate Period	1069–664 BC
Late Period	664–332 BC

Classical antiquity
Macedonian and Ptolemaic Egypt	332–30 BC
Roman and Byzantine Egypt	30 BC–641 AD
Sasanian Egypt	619–629

Middle Ages
Arab Egypt	641–969
Fatimid Egypt	969–1171
Ayyubid Egypt	1171–1250
Mamluk Egypt	1250–1517

Early modern
Ottoman Egypt	1517–1867
French occupation	1798–1801
Egypt under Muhammad Ali	1805–1882
Khedivate of Egypt	1867–1914

Modern Egypt
British occupation	1882–1922
Sultanate of Egypt	1914–1922
Kingdom of Egypt	1922–1953
Republic	1953–present

Egypt portal

The history of Persian Egypt is divided into three eras:

Achaemenid Egypt (525–402 BC and 343–332 BC), referring to two periods of Achaemenid rule punctuated by an interval of independence
Sassanid conquest of Egypt (618–629 AD), referring to a third period of occupation by the Sassanid Empire, known as Sasanian Egypt, immediately before the Muslim invasions

Egypt was a rich country, and the Persians had coveted it for more than a millennium. It had been conquered twice by the Achaemenids (525–404 and 343–332 bce, until Alexander's conquest), but the stable and powerful Ptolemaic kingdom, and then the Roman Empire, kept away Persians from Egypt for much of the Greek, Roman, and Byzantine periods. But the expansionist designs of the Sasanian King Khosrow II (590–628), taking advantage of a troubled period on the Byzantine side, allowed Persians under the command of Shahrbaraz to conquer Egypt once again (among other parts of the Near East), for a short period (619–629).^[1]

References

↑ Fournet, Jean-Luc: Persians in Egypt. In: The Encyclopedia of Ancient History. Published Online: 26 OCT 2012.

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