INK4

INK4 is a family of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CKIs). The members of this family (p16INK4a, p15INK4b, p18INK4c, p19INK4d) are inhibitors of CDK4 (hence their name INhibitors of CDK4), as well as CDK6. The other family of CKIs, CIP/KIP proteins are capable of inhibiting all CDKs. Their function, inhibiting CDK4/6, is to block progression of the cell cycle beyond the G1 restriction point.[1] In addition, INK4 proteins play roles in cellular senescence, apoptosis and DNA repair.[2]

INK4 proteins are tumor suppressors and loss-of-function mutations lead to carcinogenesis.[3]

INK4 proteins are highly similar in terms of structure and function, with up to 85% amino acid similarity.[4] They contain multiple ankyrin repeats.[2]

References

  1. ↑ Ortega, Sagrario; Malumbres, Marcos; Barbacid, Mariano (March 2002). "Cyclin D-dependent kinases, INK4 inhibitors and cancer". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer. 1602 (1): 73–87. doi:10.1016/S0304-419X(02)00037-9.
  2. 1 2 Cánepa, Eduardo T.; Scassa, María E.; Ceruti, Julieta M.; Marazita, Mariela C.; Carcagno, Abel L.; Sirkin, Pablo F.; Ogara, María F. (2007). "INK4 proteins, a family of mammalian CDK inhibitors with novel biological functions". IUBMB Life. 59 (7): 419–426. doi:10.1080/15216540701488358.
  3. ↑ Roussel, Martine F (20 September 1999). "The INK4 family of cell cycle inhibitors in cancer". Oncogene. 18 (38): 5311–5317. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1202998.
  4. ↑ Kim, William Y.; Sharpless, Norman E. (October 2006). "The Regulation of INK4/ARF in Cancer and Aging". Cell. 127 (2): 265–275. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.10.003.
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