James Duggan

This article is about the bishop. For the professional wrestler, see Jim Duggan. For the Newfoundland trade union leader and Senator, see James Duggan (politician).

The Right Reverend James Duggan
Bishop-Emeritus of Chicago

Church	Roman Catholic Church
See	Chicago
In office	January 21, 1859 – April 14, 1869 (resigned officially September 10, 1880)
Predecessor	Anthony O'Regan
Successor	Patrick Feehan
Orders
Ordination	May 28, 1847
Consecration	January 21, 1859
Personal details
Born	(1825-05-22)May 22, 1825 Maynooth, County Kildare, Ireland
Died	March 27, 1899(1899-03-27) (aged 73) Saint Louis, Missouri
Previous post	Auxiliary Bishop of Saint Louis

James Duggan (May 22, 1825 – March 27, 1899) was an Irish-American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as the fourth bishop of the Diocese of Chicago from 1859 to 1869, officially resigning in 1880.^[1]

Biography

Early years

James Duggan was born on May 22, 1825 in Maynooth, County Kildare, Ireland, a clothier’s son. At the invitation of St. Louis Archbishop Peter Kenrick, recruiting young men to fill the need for priests in the United States, he emigrated in 1842 to complete studies for the priesthood at St. Vincent’s Seminary in Cape Girardeau, Missouri. He was ordained a priest on May 29, 1847.^[2]

In 1854 Archbishop Kenrick appointed Duggan vicar general of St. Louis and then, after only five years of priesthood, appointed him temporary administrator of the Diocese of Chicago after Bishop James Oliver Van de Velde, the second bishop of Chicago, resigned in 1853.

On May 1, 1857, Kenrick consecrated Duggan titular bishop of Gabala and coadjutor bishop of St. Louis. Again he became administrator of the Diocese of Chicago when Bishop Anthony O'Regan, the third bishop of Chicago, resigned on June 25, 1858. On January 21, 1859 Bishop Duggan was appointed the fourth bishop of Chicago, aged only 34.^[1]^[2]

Bishop of Chicago

As bishop, Duggan faced challenges in Chicago: the legacy of the decade-long lack of leadership in the diocese (his two immediate predecessors having resigned suddenly), the effects of the financial panic of 1857, and of the Civil War. German Catholics were hostile to an Irish bishop. Irish-born priests were hostile to his stand against the Fenian Brotherhood: he denied the sacraments to anyone tied to this secret society. Some clergy felt Bishop Duggan did not do enough to support the University of St. Mary of the Lake with its seminary, the first chartered university in Illinois, at a time of crisis in enrollment and its finances.

In any event, Duggan had enjoyed a reputation, confirmed by his swift ecclesiastical promotion, for intelligence, affability, and eloquence. Yet after he returned from the Second Plenary Council of Baltimore in 1866 he began to change: moodiness, erratic behavior, signs of stress. When Duggan traveled abroad to relax and recover, several of his priests concerned for the bishop’s stability took the opportunity to ask the Vatican to investigate.^[2]

Removal and institutionalization

Ten years after his installation, on April 14, 1869, Bishop Duggan was removed as Chicago bishop and spent the next 29 years living in obscurity in a sanatorium conducted by the Sisters of Charity in St. Louis. The Rev. Thomas Foley, a priest of the Archdiocese of Baltimore, was named Coadjutor bishop and served as Chicago's bishop in his place.^[3] He resigned officially as bishop on September 10, 1880 and died at the sanatorium on March 27, 1899. At a time before accurate diagnosis and treatment of mental illness was possible, Duggan was institutionalized on the understanding that he was “hopelessly insane.” Today there is no evidence with which to diagnose what exactly he suffered from.

On March 29, 2001 Bishop Duggan’s remains were ceremoniously moved from Calvary Cemetery in Evanston, Illinois to be placed in the Bishop’s Mausoleum at Mount Carmel Cemetery in Hillside, Illinois where most of his colleague bishops of Chicago are buried. The stigma of mental illness perhaps explains why this had not happened in 1912, the year the Mausoleum was completed.^[2]

References

1 2 Bishop James Duggan, catholic-hierarchy.org
1 2 3 4 John J. Treanor, “Chicago’s fourth bishop ‘home’ after 102 years” The Catholic New World April 1, 2001
↑ "Bishop Thomas Patrick Roger Foley". catholic-hierarchy.org. Retrieved 2013-02-10.

Archdiocese of Chicago

Ordinaries of the Archdiocese of Chicago

Bishops	William Quarter James Oliver Van de Velde Anthony O'Regan James Duggan

Coadjutor bishop	Thomas Patrick Roger Foley

Archbishops	Patrick Feehan James Edward Quigley George Mundelein Samuel Stritch Albert Gregory Meyer John Cody Joseph Bernardin Francis George Blase J. Cupich

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Churches in the Archdiocese of Chicago

Cathedral	Holy Name Cathedral

Basilicas	Basilica of St. Hyacinth Our Lady of Sorrows Basilica Queen of All Saints Basilica

Parishes	Chicago Holy Cross Church Holy Family Catholic Church Holy Innocents Church Holy Trinity Church Church of the Immaculate Conception Nativity of Our Lord Catholic Church Notre Dame de Chicago Old St. Patrick's Church Sacred Heart Church St. Barbara Church St. Clement Church St. Hedwig's Church St. Ita's Church St. John Cantius Church St. Josaphat Church St. Joseph Church St. Jerome Croatian Church St. Ladislaus Church St. Mary of Perpetual Help Church St. Mary of the Angels Church St. Mary of the Woods Catholic Church St. Michael's Church, Old Town St. Michael the Archangel Church, South Shore St. Pascal Church St. Stanislaus Kostka Church St. Thomas the Apostle Church St. Vincent de Paul Church Church of St. Vitus St. Wenceslaus Church Cook County St. Anne Church, Barrington St. Mary of Częstochowa Church, Cicero Our Lady of Perpetual Help Church, Glenview SS. Cyril and Methodius Church, Lemont St. James Church, Lemont St. Martha Church, Morton Grove St. John Brebeuf Church, Niles St. Joseph Church, Wilmette

Chapels	Madonna Della Strada Chapel

Education in the Archdiocese of Chicago

Higher education	DePaul University Dominican University Loyola University Chicago Saint Xavier University Stritch School of Medicine

Seminaries	Catholic Theological Union Saint Joseph College Seminary University of Saint Mary of the Lake

High schools	Chicago Brother Rice High School Christ the King Jesuit College Prep High School Cristo Rey Jesuit High School De La Salle Institute DePaul College Prep Hales Franciscan High School Holy Trinity High School Josephinum Academy Leo Catholic High School Marist High School Mother McAuley Liberal Arts High School Mount Carmel High School Notre Dame High School for Girls Our Lady of Tepeyac High School Resurrection High School St. Benedict High School St. Francis de Sales High School St. Ignatius College Preparatory School St. Patrick High School St. Rita of Cascia High School Cook County St. Viator High School, Arlington Heights Queen of Peace High School, Burbank St. Laurence High School, Burbank Marian Catholic High School, Chicago Heights Nazareth Academy, La Grange Park Mount Assisi Academy, Lemont Notre Dame College Prep, Niles Fenwick High School, Oak Park Trinity High School, River Forest Guerin College Preparatory High School, River Grove Seton Academy, South Holland St. Joseph High School, Westchester Loyola Academy, Wilmette Regina Dominican High School, Wilmette Lake County Woodlands Academy of the Sacred Heart, Lake Forest Carmel High School, Mundelein St. Martin de Porres High School, Waukegan

Former	Higher education Barat College Lexington College St. Viator College High schools Academy of Our Lady, Chicago Archbishop Quigley Preparatory Seminary, Chicago Immaculata High School, Chicago Maria High School, Chicago St. Gregory the Great High School, Chicago St. Scholastica Academy, Chicago Saint Louise de Marillac High School, Northfield Grade school Our Lady of the Angels School, Chicago

Clergy of the Archdiocese of Chicago

Auxiliary bishops	Alfred Leo Abramowicz Edwin Michael Conway William Edward Cousins Michael Dempsey Gustavo García-Siller John R. Gorman Raymond E. Goedert Thomas Joseph Grady Wilton Daniel Gregory Nevin William Hayes Raymond Peter Hillinger Edward Francis Hoban Thad J. Jakubowski Francis J. Kane Gerald Frederick Kicanas Jerome Edward Listecki Timothy Joseph Lyne John R. Manz Alexander Joseph McGavick William Edward McManus William David O'Brien John L. May George Murry Cletus F. O'Donnell Thomas J. Paprocki Joseph N. Perry George J. Rassas Plácido Rodriguez Alberto Rojas Bernard James Sheil John George Vlazny Andrew Peter Wypych

Priests who became bishop elsewhere	Peter Joseph Baltes Robert Emmet Barron Romeo Roy Blanchette Stanislaus Vincent Bona Edward Braxton Maurice Francis Burke Edmund Michael Dunne Edward Joseph Dunne Edward Egan James Aloysius Griffin William Richard Griffin John Richard Keating James Patrick Keleher Moses E. Kiley Francis Joseph Magner Paul Marcinkus John McMullen Martin Dewey McNamara Peter Muldoon William Aloysius O'Connor Thomas Joseph Murphy Ernest John Primeau Paul Peter Rhode Patrick William Riordan Edward James Slattery Raymond James Vonesh Aloysius John Wycislo

Priests	John George Alleman Donald Martin Carroll George Clements Daniel Coughlin John Joseph Egan Andrew Greeley George G. Higgins Reynold Henry Hillenbrand James Timothy O'Meara Michael Pfleger Jeremiah J. Rodell

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