James Gray (zoologist)

James Gray
Born	October 14, 1891 Wood Green, London, England
Died	December 14, 1975 (aged 84) Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England
Nationality	British
Fields	Cytology
Alma mater	University of Cambridge
Known for	Cytology[1] Animal locomotion Gray's Paradox
Notable awards	Military Cross (1918) Croix de Guerre avec palme FRS (1929)[2] CBE (1946) Royal Medal (1948) Knight Bachelor (1954)

Sir James Gray, MC CBE FRS^[2] (14 October 1891, London – 14 December 1975, Cambridge, England) was a British zoologist who helped establish the field of cytology. Gray was also known for his work in animal locomotion and the development of experimental zoology. He is known for Gray's Paradox concerning dolphin locomotion.^[3][4][5][6]

Career and research

Gray was born in London and graduated from King's College, Cambridge, in 1913. After serving in World War I, he returned to King's College in 1919. He was Professor of Zoology, Cambridge University, from 1937 to 1954, and President of the Marine Biological Association from 1945 to 1955.^[7]

Awards and honours

Gray delivered the Croonian Lecture of 1939 to the Royal Society and received their Royal Medal in 1948. He gave the 1951 Royal Institution Christmas Lectures (How Animals Move). Gray was knighted in 1954 and elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 1931.^[2]

References

1. Gray, James (1931). A Text-Book of Experimental Cytology. London: Cambridge University Press.
2. Lissmann, Hans Werner (1978). "James Gray. 14 October 1891-14 December 1975". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society. Royal Society publishing. 24: 54–70. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1978.0004. ISSN 0080-4606.
3. Bertram, John E A (July 2007). "How animals move: studies in the mechanics of the tetrapod skeleton". J. Exp. Biol. 210 (Pt 14): 2401–2402. doi:10.1242/jeb.000687. PMID 17601942.
4. Hardy, Alister (1976). "Obituary: Sir James Gray". Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. 56: 523–526. doi:10.1017/S0025315400020658.
5. Lauder, George V; Tytell, Eric D (April 2004). "Three Gray classics on the biomechanics of animal movement". J. Exp. Biol. 207 (Pt 10): 1597–1599. doi:10.1242/jeb.00921. PMID 15073191.
6. "Obituary: James Charles Gray". N. Z. Med. J. 83 (556): 56. January 1976. PMID 766780.
7. "Gray, Sir James (1891–1975)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/31167. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)