Karl Mauss

Karl Mauss
Karl Mauss
Born	17 May 1898 Ploen, German Empire
Died	9 February 1959 (aged 60) Hamburg, West Germany
Allegiance	German Empire  Weimar Republic  Nazi Germany
Years of service	1914–22, 1934–45
Rank	General der Panzertruppe
Unit	10th Panzer Division
Commands held	7th Panzer Division
Battles/wars	World War I Battle of the Somme Silesian Uprisings World War II Invasion of Poland Battle of France Operation Barbarossa
Awards	Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves, Swords and Diamonds
Other work	Dentist

Karl Mauss (17 May 1898 – 9 February 1959) was one of the most highly decorated tank commanders of the Wehrmacht during World War II. He was a lieutenant general and commander of the 7th Panzer Division, and one of only 27 German military men to receive the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves, Swords and Diamonds. The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade the Oak Leaves, Swords and Diamonds was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership.

Career

Mauss volunteered for service in World War I in 1914 at the age of sixteeen.^[1] He joined Lauenburger Jäger-Bataillon Nr. 9 of Ratzeburg, serving on the Western Front. In 1915, the youngest man in the division, he was awarded the Iron Cross, 2nd class as the best scout in the region during the Battle of the Somme.^[2] The following year, shortly after the transfer of his division to the Eastern Front, he received the Iron Cross, 1st class. Following World War I Mauss joined the paramilitary groups Freikorps Oberland and Marinebrigade Ehrhardt and fought against the Silesian Uprisings. Beginning in 1922, he studied dentistry at the University of Hamburg, attaining his doctorate in 1929 and opening a private dental practice. He re-enlisted in 1934, and reached the rank of major in April 1938.

At the start of the war, Mauss served with the 20th Motorized Infantry Division, with which he participated in the 1939 Invasion of Poland. In May 1940 his 10th Panzer Division took part in the Battle of France together with Heinz Guderian's XIX Army Corps. In the second phase of the campaign, Mauss participated in the battles against the French 7th Army.

Mauss took part in Operation Barbarossa, the invasion of the Soviet Union in June 1941. In November 1941, he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. In 1942 Mauss was promoted to colonel; he was awarded the Oak Leaves to the Knight's Cross in November, 1943. In January 1944 he took command of the 7th Panzer Division. On 23 October 1944 he received the Knight's Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords. In February 1945 he was seriously injured and had a leg amputated. He was promoted to lieutenant general in April, and received the Knight's Cross with Oak Leaves, Swords, and Diamonds on 15 April 1945.

After the war Mauss worked as a dentist in his own practice. He died in 1959 following a lengthy illness.

Awards

• Iron Cross (1914) 2nd Class (16 September 1915) & 1st Class (21 October 1916)^[3]
• Wound Badge in Gold^[4]
• Panzer Badge in Silver (3rd Class)^[4]
• Close Combat Clasp in Bronze (August 1943)^[5]
• Clasp to the Iron Cross (1939) 2nd Class (28 September 1939) & 1st Class (25 May 1940)^[3]
• German Cross in Gold on 11 March 1943 as Oberst in the Panzergrenadier-Regiment 33^[6]
• Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves, Swords and Diamonds
  • Knight's Cross on 26 November 1941 as Oberstleutnant and commander of the II./Schützen-Regiment 69^[7]
  • 335th Oak Leaves on 24 November 1943 as Oberst and commander of the Panzergrenadier-Regiment 33^[7]
  • 101st Swords on 23 October 1944 as Generalmajor and commander of the 7. Panzer-Division^[7]
  • 26th Diamonds on 15 April 1945 as Generalleutnant and commander of the 7. Panzer-Division^[7]
• Mentioned three times in the Wehrmachtbericht on 13 March 1944, 15 August 1944 and 20 February 1945

References

Citations

1. Fraschka 1994, p. 325.
2. Fraschka 1994, p. 326.
3. Thomas 1998, p. 64.
4. Berger 1999, p. 211.
5. Berger 1999, pp. 211–212.
6. Patzwall & Scherzer 2001, p. 299.
7. Scherzer 2007, p. 531.

Bibliography

• Berger, Florian (1999). Mit Eichenlaub und Schwertern. Die höchstdekorierten Soldaten des Zweiten Weltkrieges [With Oak Leaves and Swords. The Highest Decorated Soldiers of the Second World War] (in German). Vienna, Austria: Selbstverlag Florian Berger. ISBN 978-3-9501307-0-6.
• Fraschka, Günther (1994). Knights of the Reich. Atglen, Pennsylvania: Schiffer Military/Aviation History. ISBN 978-0-88740-580-8.
• Patzwall, Klaus D.; Scherzer, Veit (2001). Das Deutsche Kreuz 1941 – 1945 Geschichte und Inhaber Band II [The German Cross 1941 – 1945 History and Recipients Volume 2] (in German). Norderstedt, Germany: Verlag Klaus D. Patzwall. ISBN 978-3-931533-45-8.
• Scherzer, Veit (2007). Die Ritterkreuzträger 1939–1945 Die Inhaber des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939 von Heer, Luftwaffe, Kriegsmarine, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm sowie mit Deutschland verbündeter Streitkräfte nach den Unterlagen des Bundesarchives [The Knight's Cross Bearers 1939–1945 The Holders of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939 by Army, Air Force, Navy, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm and Allied Forces with Germany According to the Documents of the Federal Archives] (in German). Jena, Germany: Scherzers Miltaer-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-938845-17-2.
• Stockert, Peter (1998). Die Eichenlaubträger 1939–1945 Band 4 [The Oak Leaves Bearers 1939–1945 Volume 4] (in German). Bad Friedrichshall, Germany: Friedrichshaller Rundblick. ISBN 978-3-932915-03-1.
• Thomas, Franz (1998). Die Eichenlaubträger 1939–1945 Band 2: L–Z [The Oak Leaves Bearers 1939–1945 Volume 2: L–Z] (in German). Osnabrück, Germany: Biblio-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-7648-2300-9.
• Die Wehrmachtberichte 1939–1945 Band 3, 1. Januar 1944 bis 9. Mai 1945 [The Wehrmacht Reports 1939–1945 Volume 3, 1 January 1944 to 9 May 1945] (in German). München, Germany: Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag GmbH & Co. KG. 1985. ISBN 978-3-423-05944-2.