Kom people (Manipur)
| Total population | |
|---|---|
| c. 2001 14,602[1] | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Northeast India | |
| Languages | |
| Kom language | |
| Religion | |
| Christianity · Traditional religion | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Chin · Kuki · Mizo |
The Kom are one of the Tibeto-Burman speaking tribes mainly found in Manipur, North-East India.[2] They are scattered over all the districts of Manipur. They are a sub-tribe of Komrem/Komhrem. Even though they are referred as "Kom", among them they referred themselves as Kakom. Koms are found in the Northeastern states of Manipur, Nagaland, Assam and Tripura. The majority of the populations reside in Manipur. They are found in all the districts of Manipur and concentrated mainly in the districts of Churachandpur, Bishenpur and Senapati.
Their origin is unclear as they were nomadic people till they entered Manipur. They entered Manipur through Tripura. Their clan names come into existence only when they came out of a cave. The location of the cave is believed to be somewhere in the borders of China. Shongthu, Saiche, Misai and Mirem were the leaders when they came out of the cave. The names of these leaders became the Clan names of the Kom people. Even though Telien and Mhangte did not take part in the cave incident, but they later became clan names. These people are referred as Kom by the British Raj. The present Koms are just a small percentage of the descendants of Shongthu, Saiche, Misai, Mirem, Telien and Mhangte. According to 2001 Census of India, the population of Kom is 14,602.[3] The present clan names and their original clan name are as follows:
| Original Name | Present Name |
|---|---|
| Shōngthu | Karōng |
| Saiche | Serto |
| Misai | Leivon |
| Mirem | Lupheng |
| Telien | Telien |
| Hmangte | Hmangte |
Even though the clan names have change as generation pass on, the elders of each of the main original clans are still among the Koms. The majority of the community are Christian. Their stories are passed down through generations by oral/verbal forms or word of mouth.
Before they came out of the Cave
The Koms believe that they journeyed from Middle East, near Reed Sea or Sea of Reeds near Red Sea (in Kom: Tuita-at meaning Cut by Water) and finally settled in Manipur, India. Even before that, they believe that, there was once an island in which there was a Kingdom known as Manmasi Kingdom. The King was known as Manmasi and the people were called Sons of Manmasi. During those times they worship three gods namely, Rampu, Okpa and Sentai. One day, there was a misunderstanding between the Birds and the Reptiles and they declared war to each other. The battle between the animals was so violent that the three gods began to fear that it might spread beyond the Kingdom of Manmasi. So they combined their powers and lift it up in the sky. In the process, all the living things died. There was a particular tree in which a potion of "Life and Heal" was present. The tree is called Bongpuijamtrai. Even that huge tree fell and the potion was spilled and then vaporized. All those living things who could feel the vapor came to life again. All the Sons of Manmasi who came back to life live on the hovering island for generations. There came a time when the oxygen was no more in the atmosphere. The plants begun to die and so one family known as Purhing-Pudam made a flying object called Rot-Rakong and came down to earth once again. They landed in the middle east Asia in the kingdom of the great Lion Wizard. They somehow kill him and took his lands. When they reach earth they sing songs of the hovering island. The hovering island is none other than our Moon. In Kom, it is known as "THLA" meaning farewell. The moon song is given below:
| In Kom | In English |
|---|---|
| Thla aw dilong dilong, Antram par par no ning |
Oh shining Moon Mustard flower will no longer bloom |
Coming through the Cave
Shongthu was hunting with his dog and the dog was barking in one particular hole, which was big enough to enter. So Shongthu entered and found that it led to the other side. A huge tiger was guarding the exit. Shongthu returned to his village, telling the villagers about it. All of them decided to leave their present village and venture out. He led the people and Saiche was among them. Shongthu wore a shawl which had a similar pattern to that of the tiger's stripes. He went near to the tiger. The tiger was sitting there waiting to kill anything coming out of the cave. Shongthu shouted to the tiger saying "Tiger, we are brothers, see, I have stripes like yours and the people coming with me are my brothers, so do not kill us." He added "If I kill you or any species of your family then let me have great loss in my family and if you kill me or my family then let your teeth fall out." During the conversation, Saiche shot an arrow at the tiger and the tiger died. The descendants of Shongthu keep the vow, especially Karoungs keep it to this day with some exceptions after Christianity. The Karoungs believe the vow was indeed very powerful and so they do not kill or eat any member of the Cat Family. They also believe that the Cat family too still observes this.
Hair Styles (Traditional)
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Kom Girl
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Kom Boy
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Kom Adult Female
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Kom Adult Male
References
- ↑ Distribution of the 100 non-scheduled languages
- ↑ Haokip, Thongkholal (2013). The Kukis of Northeast India: Politics and Culture. Bookwell. p. 90. ISBN 978-9380574448.
- ↑ 2001 Census of India. "Population of Schedule Tribes of Manipur"