Kryvyi Rih Metrotram
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Zarichna metrotram station | |||
| Overview | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Locale | Kryvyi Rih | ||
| Transit type | Light rail | ||
| Number of lines | 3 (routes) | ||
| Number of stations | 15 (+1 abandoned) | ||
| Daily ridership | 45 340 (2009) | ||
| Operation | |||
| Began operation | 26 December 1986 | ||
| Operator(s) | KP "Shvydkisnyi Tramvai"[1] | ||
| Technical | |||
| System length | 18.7 km (11.6 mi) | ||
| Track gauge | 1,520 mm (4 ft 11 27⁄32 in) | ||
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The Kryvyi Rih Metrotram or the Kryvyi Rih Fast Tram (Ukrainian: Криворізький Швидкісний Tрамвай) or until 2003, the Kryvyi Rih Metropoliten (Ukrainian: Криворізький метрополітен) is a partially underground rapid tram/light rail system[2] that serves the city of Kryvyi Rih in Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, the eighth-largest city in Ukraine.
Despite its designation as a "metro tram" and its use of tram cars as rolling stock, the Kryvyi Rih Metrotram is a fully grade-separated both from roads and from the city's conventional tram lines, with enclosed stations and tracks.[2]
History
The design of the Metrotram seen in Kryvyi Rih has its roots in the socialist urban planning guidelines that were formulated in the 1960s, based on models of the emergence of new urban centers and the transport arrangements that would suit them, in particular, how a small settlement would grow into a full-sized city, and at which point a rapid transit system would need to be built. Kryvyi Rih and Volgograd were both chosen to test whether construction of a full-scale metro system could be avoided by adopting a light rail design for a socialist city. Both cities had developed tram networks, but like most urban centres, overcrowding and widespread congestion proved too much for the trams to serve as the main transport arteries. Moreover, both cities were destroyed in World War II and rebuilt, with all the requirements of a modern city considered in planning.
In both cases the Metrotram was intended to serve only an interim, albeit necessary, role, with provision for conversion into a full metro system. Construction in both cities began simultaneously in the mid 1970s. In Volgograd, this involved separating off an existing tram route with an underground section in the city centre. In Kryvyi Rih, however, the Metrotram route was built from scratch, albeit in a similar manner, with most of the section running along the surface, except in the very centre of the city. All of the underground dimensions were made with provision for eventual conversion into a full metro system.
As the Kryvyi Rih Metrotram was built from scratch, even stops in the surface sections are referred to as stations (as opposed to stops) and all are separate complexes. Each station is an architectural monument for its own neighborhood, in the style of late Soviet architecture.[3]
On December 26, 1986, the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic received its third underground rapid-transit system, after Kiev and Kharkiv metros.
On April 1, 2007, Zhovtneva station was renamed Imeni Hutovskoho.[4]
Timeline
| Segment | Date opened | Length | Stations |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maidan Pratsi—Dzerzhinska (Excluding the Miska Likarnia station) |
December 26, 1986 | 7.7 km | 4 |
| Budynok Rad | February 23, 1988 | - | 1 |
| Dzerzhinska—Kiltseva | May 2, 1989 | 4.5 km | 2 |
| Zhovtneva—Zarichna (Excluding the Elektrozavodska station) |
October 25, 1999 | 5.5 km | 2 |
| Elektrozavodska | June 9, 2000 | - | 1 |
| Miska Likarnia | May 19, 2001 | - | 1 |
| Zarichna-Kiltse KMK | May 25, 2012 | - | 4 |
| Total: | 18.7 km | 15 stations | |
Facts and figures
The system is operated by the city municipal company, and has a total length of 18.7 km, 6.8 km of which are fully underground. The entire system has 15 stations, 4 of which are located underground and built up to metro standard.[2] In addition there is one station, Vovnopriadilna, that was built but is currently not opened due to the absence of passenger traffic in the area. There are three routes: Kiltseva-Maidan Pratsi, Kiltseva-Zarichna, and Zarichna-Kiltse KMK, with a branch at Imeni Hutovskoho for the first two routes.
The rolling stock used on the system consists of the Tatra T3, and the KTM-11/11T. The only tram depot that serves the system is located near Maidan Pratsi station. For more convenient tram turnarounds, there are turning circles at both ends of the lines.
Prospects for growth
When the Soviet Union collapsed, development of rapid transit systems in all of the former republics was deprived of funding and neglected. In many cases, cities which acquired a metro system in the late 1980s only gained an initial stretch with passenger flows barely making the systems significant. In both Metrotram cities, however, the reverse was the case.
The KRMT carries 40 million people annually, with a record of 56 million in 1997. In comparison, annual passenger numbers on the Dnipropetrovsk Metro, which opened in 1995, amount to only 7.5 million (as of 2013). In the present financial climate, it is unlikely that the Dnipropetrovsk system will be extended to allow it to accommodate anything like the numbers of passengers using the Metrotram system within the next 15 years at least. The Metrotram's compatibility and low construction costs have shown it to be superior to the Metro in every respect, and, unlike the metros in Dnipropetrovsk and many other post-Soviet cities, the Tram now functions as an important traffic artery, which will be a significant factor in securing funds for future extensions.
At present, there are no ongoing construction projects; however, in both northern and southern directions there is clear need for the tram to be expanded. Furthermore, procurement of newer rolling stock is also important and will likely continue.
References
- ↑ "Information on the Department of Transport and Communications". Official site of Kryvyi Rih City Council (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 28 March 2012.
- 1 2 3 "Kryvy Rih . Krovoy Rog Rapid Tram". UrbanRail.Net. Retrieved 27 March 2012.
- ↑ Aksenov, Dmitry. "History of the Krivoy Rog Fast Tram". Metroworld (in Russian). Retrieved 27 March 2012.
- ↑ Bolashenko, Sergey (2005). "Krivoy Rog Metropoliten (Metrotram) - History". Site about railroads (in Russian). Retrieved 27 March 2012.
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kryvyi Rih Metro. |
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