Laura Herford

Laura Herford (1831–1870) was a British artist in the early 19th century, and in 1860, was the first woman to be admitted to the Royal Academy schools.^[1] Her career was relatively short, but during that time she exhibited at Royal Academy twelve times.

Early career

Herford studied under Eliza Fox (1824–1903), an artist best known for her genre and portraiture scenes which incorporated contemporary social commentary.^[2] Fox held drawing classes for female artists in the living room of her father's home in Regent's Park. Amongst others, Barbara Bodichon and Anna Mary Howitt attended these classes and others run by London-based artists. From the mid-1850s, Herford was heavily involved with acceptance of women artists. She signed the 1859 petition to admit women to the Royal Academy.^[3] She applied under the name 'L. Hereford' and became a pupil in 1861 as the only woman at the Academy.^[4] She exhibited at the Royal Academy from 1861 to 1869 and also at the Suffolk Street Gallery and the British Institution.^[5] Hereford exhibited in 1864 a picture entitled A Quiet Corner, and followed up her success by similar domestic scenes in 1865, 1866, and 1867.^[6] She invited her sister's daughter, the painter Helen Allingham, to come live with her in London at the start of her career.

Admittance to the Royal Academy

Petitions for women to be accepted into the Royal Academy as students had been submitted to House of Commons since the 1840s, however, the Academy resisted the call for change.

After encouragement from Charles Eastlake and Thomas Heatherley, Herford submitted several drawings to the Academy's admissions tutors signed "L. Herford". The use of initials masked her gender, leading to the assumption that she was a man. She was admitted on the merits of these drawings and an offer was made to "L. Herford, Esq" and she took up her place at the Academy in 1860.^[7]

Her entry into the Academy marked a significant turning point for women artists in Britain. By 1863, there were 10 women artists at the Academy and at the time of Herford's death there were about 40 women studying the full curriculum which included drawing from a live model.

References

1. Yeldham, Charlotte (2004). "Herford, Anne Laura". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/69105. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
2. Lewis, Reina (2013). Gendering Orientalism: Race, Femininity and Representation. Routledge.
3. Cherry, Deborah (2012). Beyond the Frame: Feminism and Visual Culture, Britain 1850-1900. Routledge.
4. Potter 2013, p. 129.
5. Laura Hereford in Bénézit
6. Bryan 1904, p. 36.
7. Grey, Sara (2009). The Dictionary of British Women Artists. Casemate Publishers.

• This article incorporates text from a work in the public domain: M. Bryan's Bryan's Dictionary of Painters and Engravers (1904)

Bibliography

• Bryan, Michael (1904). Bryan's Dictionary of Painters and Engravers (Public domain ed.). Macmillan.
• Potter, Matthew (2013). The Concept of the 'master' in Art Education in Britain and Ireland, 1770 to the Present. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. ISBN 978-1-4094-3555-6.