List of Subaru engines

Subaru uses a four or five character code to identify all of their engines.[1]

Two Cylinder

EK

The EK series is a straight twin two-stroke cycle with early air-cooled versions later replaced with water-cooled configurations in 1971. The engine was upgraded to a four-stroke SOHC in 1973 to meet Japanese Government emission regulations.

The (Japanese: Subaru EK series) was used from 1958 until 1989 in most Kei car models.

Two-strokes

Air Cooled two-stroke

EK31

Used in the Subaru 360 (1958–1968) and Sambar (1961–1970).

Used in the Subaru 450 (MAIA) Japan & North America (1960–66)

Used in the Subaru R-2 1969–1971 and Subaru Sambar 1970–1973

Water Cooled Two-stroke cycle

Used in the Subaru R-2 1971.10-1972.07, Subaru Rex 1972.07-1973.10, Subaru Sambar 1973.02-1976.02

Four-strokes

Water Cooled four-stroke SOHC with SEEC emissions system (later SEEC-T), alloy block and head.[2]

Used in the Subaru Rex K22 from 1973.10–1976.05, Subaru Sambar February 1976-May 1976

Used in the Subaru Rex 1976.05–1977.05, Subaru Sambar 5 from May 1976 until March 1977

Used in the Subaru Rex from 1977.05–1989, Subaru Sambar 1977–1990

Used in the Subaru Rex Viki from 1986 to 1989, Subaru Sambar 1989–1990

Used in the Subaru Rex Combi (1983–1986)

Used in the Subaru Rex VX (1986–1989)

Used in the Subaru Rex Supercharger (1988–1989)

Used in the Subaru Rex and Sambar/700 (export only, 1982–1989)

Three Cylinder

The EF series engine is a liquid-cooled three-cylinder, four-stroke, with SOHC. It is not compliant with Japanese Government regulations concerning displacement of kei cars with a current maximum limit of 660 cc. The EF appeared while the EK was being replaced by the EN05.

Subaru EF-12 Engine

Subaru EF engine

SOHC 2V, 55 hp at 5,200 rpm 1984–1987 Subaru Justy

SOHC 3V, 66-73 hp 1987–1994 Subaru Justy

Four Cylinder

All of Subaru's four-cylinder engines (except the EN series) are liquid-cooled, horizontally opposed boxer four-strokes.

Subaru EA engine

The EA was used from 1966 until 1994 in most models. It is a basic two-valve-per-cylinder design with siamese ports and three main crankshaft bearings. Engines with overhead camshafts were installed with two timing belts, whereas vehicles with overhead valves used timing gears exclusively.

Subaru EA82 Engine

Subaru EE engine (diesel)

Subaru unveiled the world's first boxer diesel engine to be fitted in a passenger car at the Geneva autoshow in 2007. This 2.0L DOHC engine, called the EE20,[3] has 147 HP and 350Nm (258 lb-ft) of torque, five main bearings and was released in Europe in 2008. Engine was originally Euro-4 certified, updated to Euro-5 in 2008[4] and Euro-6 in 2015. 1998 ccm, Bore 86mm, Stroke 86mm

Subaru EJ engine

The EJ engine was introduced in the 1989 Subaru Legacy to replace the EA engines. It was designed from scratch with five main crankshaft bearings and four valves per cylinder and can be either SOHC or DOHC and one timing belt. The fifth digit is the only way to tell without seeing the engine.

Subaru EJ20H twin turbo

Generally the EJ-series can be divided into two versions: the Phase I engines (1989–1998) and the Phase II engines (1999–2010). The Phase II engines featured new cylinder heads and crankshafts with the thrust bearing located at crank bearing #5 instead of #3. The designation also changed from Phase I to Phase II. All Phase I engines have an alphanumerical suffix behind the standard EJXX designation, all Phase II engines have a numerical suffix behind the EJXX designation. Example:

Phase I: EJ15E, EJ15J, EJ16E, EJ18E, EJ20D, EJ20E, EJ20G, EJ20H, EJ20J, EJ20R, EJ20K, EJ22E, EJ221, EJ25D

Phase II: EJ151, EJ161, EJ181, EJ201, EJ202, EJ203, EJ204, EJ205, EJ206, EJ207, EJ208, EJ222, EJ251, EJ252, EJ253, EJ254, EJ255, EJ257

Subaru EL engine

The (Japanese: Subaru EL engine) replaced the EJ15 and is used in the JDM Subaru Impreza 1.5R (series GD, GG, GE, GH) starting with model year 2006. It is based on the EJ engine and shares many components, like the crankshaft from the EJ25. It has DOHC cylinder heads with AVCS variable valve timing on the intake.[5][6]

Subaru EN engine

The Subaru EN inline-four engine was introduced in 1988 to replace the straight-two EK series engine that was originally engineered as an air-cooled engine and then was modified as a water-cooled engine used in the 1969–1972 Subaru R-2. The EN is used in all kei cars and kei trucks currently in production by Subaru.

Subaru FA engine

(Japanese: Subaru FA engine) The FA was developed from the FB engine, however, efforts to reduce weight while maintaining durability were the main goals of the FA engine. While the FA and FB engines share a common platform, the FA shares very little in dedicated parts with the FB engine, with a different block, head, connecting rods, and pistons.

FA20D

Subaru FA20D

The FA20D features both direct and port injection (Toyota's D-4S injection system) and Subaru AVCS variable valve timing system. It is used in the Subaru BRZ, and is identified by a Toyota engine family code known as the 4U-GSE, which is installed in the Toyota 86 and the Scion FR-S.[7] According to Subaru, 0W-20 oil is recommended.

FA20F

Subaru FA20F

A version with Subaru's own direct fuel injection and twin-scroll turbocharger was introduced in 2012.

Subaru FB engine

Subaru FB16 DIT

(Japanese: Subaru FB engine) An entirely new generation of boxer engine announced on 23 September 2010.[8] By increasing piston stroke and decreasing piston bore, Subaru aimed to reduce emissions and improve fuel economy, while increasing and broadening torque output over the previous generation engine.

The FB has an all new block and head featuring dual overhead cams with intake and exhaust variable valve timing (AVCS - Active Valve Control System), and a timing chain that replaced the timing belt. Moving to chain-driven cams is said to allow the valves to be placed at a more narrow angle to each other and shrink the bore of cylinder from 99.5 mm to 94. It results in less unburned fuel during cold start, thereby reducing emissions. Subaru is able to maintain the exterior dimension substantially unchanged by asymmetrical connecting rods like those in EZ36. The FB is only marginally heavier. In Jan 2011, Car and Driver was told direct injection would be added soon.[9]

Subaru claims a 28-percent reduction in friction losses, mainly due to lighter pistons and connecting rods.[9][10] The FB has a 10% improvement in fuel economy with the power coming on sooner and the torque band being broader.

FB16

Subaru FB16

FB20B

Subaru FB20B

FB20X

Subaru FB20X

FB25B

Subaru FB25B

Six Cylinder

All of Subaru's six-cylinder engines are of a liquid-cooled, Flat-6 four-stroke design.

Subaru ER engine

(Japanese: Subaru ER27) Subaru introduced its first six-cylinder engine in its Subaru XT sports car. This SOHC engine was based on the EA82, with two cylinders added to the back.

Subaru EG engine

The (Japanese: Subaru EG33) engine was a direct replacement for the ER engine. The ER had been used only in the Subaru XT6, which was being replaced by the Subaru Alcyone SVX, and the company took the opportunity to create a new engine based on the more modern EJ rather than the EA engine series. As with the ER27 was to the EA82, Subaru took the EJ22 design and created a six-cylinder version to make the new EG33. However, this four-valves-per-cylinder engine was DOHC, and valvetrain parts came from the not yet released EJ25D. Bore: 96.9 mm Stroke: 75 mm

Subaru EZ engine

Subaru EZ36

The (Japanese: Subaru EZ series) was introduced in 1999 in the Japanese market, in the Subaru Outback, and in 2000 in the United States market, also in the Outback. It is a flat-six, 24-valve, quad-cam motor with an aluminium block and heads. It is available in EZ30 and EZ36 variants. Though the second iteration of the EZ30D used from 2003 to 2009 was heavily updated from the early EZ30D used from 2001 to 2003, Subaru continued to identify it as EZ30D. "EZ30R" is a false engine code often used on the Internet for the later EZ30, but Subaru has never used it as an official engine code.[14] All EZ-series engines use dual timing chains and feature coil-on-plug ignition.

EZ30D

This version uses one exhaust port per head, a cable-actuated throttle, variable intake geometry, and a cast aluminium intake manifold. It was only available with an automatic transmission.

EZ30D

This version received new cylinder heads with 3 exhaust ports per head, AVLS, AVCS on the intake cams only, a drive-by-wire throttle, and a plastic intake manifold. It was available in manual and automatic unlike the old EZ30D.

EZ36D

The EZ36D retains the plastic intake manifold, 3 exhaust ports per head, and drive-by-wire throttle of the later EZ30D, but loses AVLS while gaining AVCS for both intake and exhaust cams. The EZ36D also incorporates an asymmetrical connecting rod design shared with the FB series of engines and the EE20 diesel engine.

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Michael Knowling (April 2, 2004). "2004 Engine Epic - Subaru Engines". AutoSpeed Magazine. Retrieved 2009-06-30.
  2. ↑ Braunschweig, Robert; et al., eds. (March 14, 1974). "Automobil Revue '74". 69. Berne, Switzerland: Hallwag SA: 483.
  3. ↑ "The New Subaru EE20 Boxer Turbo Diesel, In Detail". Jalopnik. 2008-04-23. Retrieved 2010-12-08.
  4. ↑ "EE20 Engine Info". Subaru Diesel Crew.
  5. ↑ Subaru Technical Journal, No. 34 published in June 2007
  6. ↑ Subaru Technical Journal, No. 33 issue published in June, 2006
  7. ↑ Mark Vaughn. "Subaru shows production version of the BRZ". Autoweek.com.
  8. ↑ "FHI Develops a New-generation Subaru Boxer Engine" (PDF). Fuji Heavy Industries. 23 September 2010. Retrieved 3 October 2010.
  9. 1 2 Colwell, K.C. (January 2011). "Examining Subaru's New FB-series Flat-Four". Car and Driver. Hearst Corporation. Retrieved 15 April 2011.
  10. ↑ Bremner, Richard (17 January 2011). "Subaru Forester 2.0 XS review". Autocar. Haymarket Media Group. Retrieved 15 April 2011.
  11. ↑ "Subaru Boxer Punches Harder". Subaru Australia. 23 September 2010. Retrieved 3 October 2010.
  12. ↑ 2011 Subaru Forester & Impreza Owner's Manual
  13. ↑ Hinchliffe, Mark (28 September 2010). "Subaru reveals new boxer engine". CarsGuide.com.au. Retrieved 3 October 2010.
  14. ↑ "Official Subaru online parts catalogue".
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