List of United States military and volunteer units in the Mexican–American War

This is a list of United States military units that participated in the Mexican–American War. The list includes regular U.S. Army, Navy, Marine Corps, and Revenue Marine Service units and ships as well as the units of the militia that various states recruited for the war. The commanding officer of each unit or ship is identified when there are references with content that aids identification. Dates are included when they are available in the references.

Regular U.S. Army regiments serving in Mexico from 1846 to 1848

Regiments of dragoons

Mounted riflemen

Regiments of artillery

Regiments of infantry

Lieutenant Colonel Bennet C. Riley

Regiments of infantry, 1847

These units were raised according to an act of Congress, 11 February 1847 for an enlistment period of one year.[Note 2]

Volunteer units serving in Mexico from 1846 to 1848

Alabama

Arkansas

California

John C. Frémont

Florida

Georgia

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

The Mormon Battalion was recruited as a federal volunteer unit, not through the state of Iowa which was not created until December 1846. The Mormon Battalion was raised at the express invitation of President James K. Polk, not as part of any state or territorial requisition for troops.[13]

The contemporary official Army documents refer to the unit in the following ways; Prior to Allen recruiting the unit as, "Capt. Allen's Battalion of Volunteers".[14] As the new unit was being recruited and mustered into service, its first commander, James Allen, signed official documents with the name he gave the unit, "Mormon Battalion",[15] General Stephen Watts Kearny, in letters of reply to the unit used Allen's naming convention, calling it the "Battalion of Mormons" and "Mormon Battalion"[16] P. St. George Cooke, commanding the Battalion under orders from Gen Kearny used the name, "Mormon Battalion" when reporting troop strengths in California.[17][Note 3]

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maryland and the District of Columbia

Massachusetts

Michigan

Mississippi

Jefferson Davis, c. 1847

Missouri

New Jersey

New York

North Carolina

Ohio

Pennsylvania

South Carolina

Tennessee

Texas

Albert Sidney Johnston

Virginia

Misc. volunteers

U.S. Navy squadrons serving in the war

Home Squadron

Commodore David Conner
Commodore Matthew C. Perry

Pacific Squadron

Commodore Robert F. Stockton

U.S. Marine Corps

U.S. Revenue Marine Service

Notes

Footnotes
  1. ↑ One of ten new regiments raised for one year according to act of Congress February 11, 1847.
  2. ↑ Nine of ten new regiments raised for one year according to act of Congress 11 February 1847.
  3. ↑ The "of Iowa" confusion appears to have been created because the blank Compiled Military Service Record (CMSR) cards were incorrectly printed in the 1890's. The CMSR cards were originally printed showing, "Mormon Batt'n./Iowa". The auditors and record transcribers attempted to correct the omission of "Volunteers" by stamping "Vols." and crossing through "Iowa" since the unit was not raised by Iowa. Some modern authors, not recognized the importance of the corrections, have ignored the attempted changes and incorrectly perpetuated the "of Iowa" error. Unfortunately, the pension records were also printed with "of Iowa" but not corrected, thus adding to the confusion. However, the contemporary 1846–1847 official Army documents do not refer to Iowa.
  4. ↑ This was the only full regiment of volunteers raised in New England during the Mexican War. The 9th Infantry Regiment of the Regular Army, however, was raised primarily in New England.
  5. ↑ Lost en route to join Home Squadron[50]
  6. ↑ Purchased to serve as a supply vessel, 1847[52]
  7. ↑ Purchased to serve as a bomb brig, 1847[52]
  8. ↑ Purchased to serve as a bomb brig, 1847[52]
  9. ↑ 96 ton steamer on charter, November 1846. Wrecked at Isla Verde near Veracruz, Mexico 21 March 1847[56]
  10. ↑ Mexican merchant schooner seized from Mexico and commissioned into the U.S. Navy
  11. ↑ Merchant schooner taken as a prize at Tabasco, Mexico and commissioned into the U.S. Navy[64]
  12. ↑ Captured from Mexico
  13. ↑ Ohio served with the Home Squadron and Pacific Squadron
  14. ↑ Merchant steamer taken as a prize at Tabasco, Mexico and commissioned into the U.S. Navy[64]
  15. ↑ Schooner revenue cutter acquired from the Republic of Texas.[63]
  16. ↑ Purchased to serve as a bomb brig, 1847[52]
  17. ↑ Schooner seized at Tampico, Mexico and commissioned into the U.S. Navy[73]
  18. ↑ Schooner seized at Tampico, Mexico and commissioned into the U.S. Navy[73]
  19. ↑ Purchased to serve as a bomb brig, 1847[52]
  20. ↑ Captured September 1846 at La Paz, Baja California.
  21. ↑ Chartered at La Paz, Baja California, October 1847[84]
  22. ↑ Captured September 1846 at Mazatlan.
  23. ↑ Ohio served with the Home Squadron and Pacific Squadron
  24. ↑ Spencer suffered a boiler firebox burnout while underway from Charleston, South Carolina. After repairs were made she was underway again and the boilers failed once more, Captain Currier returned Spencer to Charleston on 17 June 1846. On 14 July Currier was ordered to sail under canvas to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and report to the Collector of Customs. The machinery from the cutter was sold shortly thereafter and the hull was used for a lightship.[105]
  25. ↑ Morris was dispatched to Key West, Florida to protect American shipping entering the Gulf of Mexico from Mexican privateers. She was damaged by a hurricane on 11 October 1846 and a board of survey held by the Collector of Customs at Key West determined that Morris was not worth the cost of repair.[114]
  26. ↑ Polk put to sea from Ocracoke Inlet on 31 March 1846 but she leaked badly and was sailed to Norfolk, Virginia for repairs. Repairs were completed and Polk put back to sea once more only to be condemned by Captain Ogdon as unseaworthy. She was turned back to the Treasury Department on 3 May.[116]
Citations
  1. 1 2 3 Robarts, pp 10–12
  2. ↑ Robarts, pp 12–13
  3. 1 2 3 4 Robarts, pp 13–17
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Robarts, pp 17–24
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Robarts, pp 24–34
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Robarts, pp 39–40
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Robarts, pp 40–41
  8. 1 2 Robarts, p 42
  9. 1 2 3 4 Robarts, pp 42–43
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Robarts, pp 43–47
  11. 1 2 3 4 5 Robarts, pp 47–50
  12. ↑ Fleek p 287
  13. ↑ Polk, p 109
  14. ↑ Von Sachsen-Altenburg & Gabiger, p 153
  15. ↑ James Allen Letter
  16. ↑ Von Sachsen-Altenburg & Gabiger, p 173
  17. ↑ Post Returns, Los Angeles, March and April 1847
  18. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Robarts, pp 51–53
  19. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Robarts, pp 53–56
  20. 1 2 3 4 5 Robarts, pp 56–57
  21. ↑ Robarts, pp 57–58
  22. 1 2 Robarts, p 58
  23. 1 2 3 Robarts, pp 59–60
  24. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Robarts, pp 60–64
  25. ↑ Robarts, p 64
  26. 1 2 Robarts, pp 64–65
  27. ↑ Robarts, pp 65–66
  28. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Robarts, pp 66–69
  29. 1 2 Robarts, pp 69–70
  30. ↑ Robarts, pp 70–71
  31. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Robarts, pp 71–74
  32. ↑ Robarts, p 74
  33. ↑ Robarts, pp 74–75
  34. 1 2 Robarts, p 75
  35. ↑ Robarts, pp 75–76
  36. ↑ Robarts, p 76
  37. ↑ Robarts, pp 76–77
  38. 1 2 3 4 Robarts, p 77
  39. ↑ Robarts, pp 77–78
  40. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Robarts, p 78
  41. ↑ Robarts, pp 78–79
  42. ↑ Robarts, p 80
  43. ↑ Bauer, p 5
  44. ↑ Bauer, p 86
  45. 1 2 Bauer, p 253
  46. 1 2 Bauer, p 62
  47. 1 2 3 4 Bauer, p 128
  48. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Bauer, p 26
  49. ↑ Bauer, p 58
  50. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Bauer, p 254
  51. ↑ Bauer, p 12
  52. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Bauer, p 66
  53. 1 2 Bauer, p 124
  54. ↑ Bauer, p 103
  55. 1 2 Bauer, p 80
  56. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Bauer, p 255
  57. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Bauer, p 7
  58. ↑ Bauer, p 29
  59. ↑ Bauer, p 131
  60. 1 2 Bauer, p 101
  61. ↑ Bauer, p 88
  62. 1 2 Bauer, p 8
  63. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Bauer, p 256
  64. 1 2 3 4 Bauer, p 52
  65. ↑ Bauer, p 40
  66. ↑ Bauer, p 10
  67. 1 2 Bauer, p 20
  68. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Bauer, p 257
  69. ↑ Bauer, p 13
  70. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Bauer, p 258
  71. ↑ Bauer, p 99
  72. ↑ Bauer, pp 100–101
  73. 1 2 Bauer, p 56
  74. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Bauer, p 259
  75. ↑ Bauer, p 108
  76. ↑ Bauer, pp 243–252
  77. ↑ Bauer, p 145
  78. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Bauer, p 139
  79. ↑ Bauer, p 170
  80. 1 2 3 Bauer, p 148
  81. 1 2 Bauer, p 172
  82. ↑ Bauer, p 147
  83. ↑ Bauer, pp 211–213
  84. ↑ Bauer, p 213
  85. ↑ Bauer, p 136
  86. ↑ Bauer, p 206
  87. ↑ Bauer, p 228
  88. ↑ Robarts, pp 79–80
  89. ↑ Bauer, p 97
  90. ↑ Bauer, pp 117–122
  91. ↑ Bauer, p 151
  92. ↑ Bauer, p 212
  93. ↑ Bauer, pp 216–217
  94. ↑ Bauer, pp 222–223
  95. ↑ Millett, p 74
  96. ↑ Millett, pp 76–81
  97. ↑ Smith, pp 74–76
  98. ↑ Record of Movements, pp 511–514
  99. ↑ Evans, p 60
  100. ↑ Evans, p 61
  101. ↑ King, p 130
  102. ↑ Noble, p 35
  103. ↑ Record of Movements, pp 105–106
  104. ↑ Noble, p 16
  105. 1 2 Record of Movements, p 108
  106. ↑ Record of Movements, pp108-109
  107. ↑ Record of Movements, p 512
  108. ↑ Record of Movements, pp 49–50
  109. ↑ Noble, p 49
  110. ↑ Record of Movements, pp 146–147
  111. ↑ Record of Movements, pp 98–103
  112. ↑ Record of Movements, pp 300–301
  113. ↑ Record of Movements, p 111
  114. ↑ Record of Movements, p 112
  115. ↑ Record of Movements, pp 70–71
  116. ↑ Record of Movements, p 128
References used

External links

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