List of historical harbour cranes
The list of historical harbour cranes includes historical harbour cranes from the Middle Ages to the introduction of metal cranes in the Industrial Revolution during the 19th century. Modern reconstructions are also listed.
Name | Location | Country | River | Comment | Material | Image |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Żuraw (Krantor) | Gdańsk (Danzig) | Poland | Motława (Mottlau) | 1367, modification 1442–1444; oldest crane in the formerly German-speaking area | Stone and wood | ![]() |
Stadskraan (Utrecht) | Utrecht | Netherlands | Oudegracht | 1402, treadwheeled city crane mainly used for wine barrels, several times upgraded, rebuilt on another location after it collapsed in 1837. | Wood/stone | ![]() |
Alter Krahnen | Trier | Germany | Mosel | 1413, in service until 1910, two booms, one to attach a counterweight | Stone | |
Rheinkran | Bingen | Germany | Rhine | 1487, renovated in 1819, in service until 1890; after comprehensive renovation back in service (tourist demonstrations) since 2008 | Wood | ![]() |
Alter Krahnen | Andernach | Germany | Rhine | 1554–1561, in service until 1911 | Stone | ![]() |
Oestricher Kran | Oestrich-Winkel | Germany | Rhine | 1744–1745, in service until 1926 | Wood | ![]() |
Mastekran (Mastekranen) | Copenhagen | Denmark | Holmen, harbour | 1748-1751 by Philip de Lange; for mounting masts to large sailing vessels | Stone and wood | ![]() |
Alter Kranen | Würzburg | Germany | Main | 1767–1773 by Franz Neumann, two booms, each with chain and hook | Stone | ![]() |
Zollkran | Trier | Germany | Mosel | 1774, in service until 1900, two booms, one to attach a counterweight | Stone | ![]() |
Alter Kranen | Marktbreit | Germany | Main | ca. 1750 (wood); rebuilt (stone) after the 1784 ice flood, in service til 1900 | Stone | Image |
Alter Krahn Alter Salzkran |
Lüneburg | Germany | Ilmenau | 1379; reconstructed in 1797 after ice flood, in service until 1860 | Wood | ![]() |
Harbour crane | Rostock | Germany | Lower Warnow | first crane in the 16th century; reconstruction from an 18th-century crane | Wood | ![]() |
Alter Salzkran | Stade | Germany | Schwinge | 1661, in 1898 demolished, in 1977 reconstructed on the model of the Alter Krahn in Lüneburg | Wood | |
Alter Saarkran | Saarbrücken | Germany | Saar | 1762 by F.-J. Stengel, 1784 renovated; ruined state after 1865; reconstructed in 1989 | Wood | ![]() |
Havenkraan, Hanzekraan | Brugge | Belgium | Kraanplein (CraenePlaetse) |
1288, rebuilt in 1434, in service til 1767; modern small-scale reconstruction of the medieval crane at Brugge harbour depicted, two treadwheels; | Wood | ![]() |
References
- Dienel, Hans-Liudger; Meighörner, Wolfgang (1997), "Der Tretradkran", Publication of the Deutsches Museum (Technikgeschichte series) (2nd ed.), München
- Matheus, Michael (1996), "Mittelalterliche Hafenkräne", in Lindgren, Uta, Europäische Technik im Mittelalter. 800 bis 1400. Tradition und Innovation (4th ed.), Berlin: Gebr. Mann Verlag, pp. 345–348, ISBN 3-7861-1748-9
- Matthies, Andrea (1992), "Medieval Treadwheels. Artists' Views of Building Construction", Technology and Culture, 33 (3): 510–547, doi:10.2307/3106635
See also
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