Outlawed terror organisations in Australia

Part of a series on Terrorism in Australia

Notable attacks

Sydney Yugoslav General Trade and Tourist Agency bombing (1972) Sydney Hilton bombing (1978) Sydney Israeli consulate and Hakoah Club bombings (1982) Turkish consulate bombing (1986) French consulate bombing (1995) Endeavour Hills stabbings (2014) Parramatta shooting (2015)

Notable plots

Sydney terrorism plot (2005) Holsworthy Barracks terror plot (2009)

Counter-terrorism

Legislation Anti-terrorism legislation (2004) Anti-terrorism legislation (2005) Outlawed terror organisations Raids Counter-terrorism raids (2014)

In 2002, as part of the fight against terrorism worldwide, the Australian Parliament passed the Security Legislation Amendment (Terrorism) Act 2002 "enabling Australian governments to deal with organisations involved in terrorism,"^[1] and empowered the Australian government to list an organisation as a terrorist organisation, and inserted a range of terrorist organisation offences into the Criminal Code Act 1995 (Cth).^[2][3] For example, under the law it is an offense to materially support or be supported by such organisations.^[4] Under Division 103 of the Criminal Code, it is illegal to finance terrorism.^[5]

For listing as a terrorist organisation, an organisation may be found to be such by a court as part of a prosecution for a terrorist offence or the same may be specified in regulations upon the motion of the Attorney-General of Australia under Division 102 of the Criminal Code Act 1995. Listing, de-listing and re-listing follows a protocol that mainly involves the Australian Security Intelligence Organisation and the Attorney-General's Department.^[6]

Listed terrorist organisations, 2016

As of November 2016, the Australian government has listed 20 foreign organisations as terrorist organisations.^[2] All but one of those organisations are associated with Islamist ideology. The remaining organisation is the Kurdistan Workers Party.

• Abu Sayyaf Group
• Al-Murabitun
• Al-Qa'ida (AQ)
• Al-Qa'ida in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP)
• Al-Qa'ida in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM)
• Al-Shabaab
• Ansar al-Islam
• Boko Haram
• Hamas's Izz al-Din al-Qassam Brigades^[7]
• Hizballah's External Security Organisation (ESO)
• Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan
• Islamic State
• Jabhat al-Nusra
• Jaish-e-Mohammed (JeM)
• Jamiat ul-Ansar
• Jemaah Islamiyah (JI)
• Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK)
• Lashkar i Jhangvi (LeJ)
• Lashkar-e-Tayyiba
• Palestinian Islamic Jihad

In addition, Hamas was listed in July 2014.^[8] It was removed from the list by January 2015.

Listed terrorist organisations, 2006

• Abu Sayyaf group — from a base in the Southern islands of the Philippines, the group has affirmed a goal of creating a pan-Islamic superstate across Southeast Asia.^[9]
• Al Qaeda — a militant Qutbist Sunni Islamist terrorist organization established in 1988.
• Tanzim Qa'idat al-Jihad fi Bilad al-Rafidayn (the al-Zarqawi group, also known as al Qa'ida in Iraq, or The Organization for the Foundation of the Holy Struggle in Mesopotamia.^[10] — the organisation is associated with Al-Qa'ida and is a successor of Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad (Arabic: جماعة التوحيد والجهاد) - the Unification (Monotheism) and the Holy Struggle Group)
• Ansar al-Sunna (formerly known as Ansar Al-Islam).
• Armed Islamic group — based in northern and central Iraq, the group includes Kurdish groups, Sunni Arab religious radicals, and others.
• Asbat al-Ansar ("the League of the Followers" or "Partisans’ League") — an organization of Sunni Islamists based in southern Lebanon.^[11]
• Egyptian Islamic Jihad, also called Islamic Jihad and the Jihad Group — associated with the Muslim Brotherhood, and have declared a goal to overthrow the Egyptian Government and replace it with an Islamic state.
• Izz al-Din al-Qassam Brigades — a militant wing of Hamas (Arabic: حركة حماس; acronym: Arabic: حركة المقاومة الاسلامية, or Harakat al-Muqawama al-Islamiyya or "Islamic Resistance Movement".
• Hizballah External Security Organisation (Al-Muqawama al-Islamiyya - "The Islamic Resistance"). Hezbollah (Arabic: حزب الله ḥizbu-llāh, meaning "party of God") is a Shi'a Islamic political and paramilitary organization based in Lebanon. It propounds a version of Islamic Shi'a ideology developed by Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini.
• The Islamic Army of Aden —a terrorist group based in southern Yemen.
• Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan, also known as the Islamic Party of Turkestan — an Islamist terrorist organization within the Islamic Movement of Central Asia that has operated in and beyond Uzbekistan since 1998.^[12] The IMU's goal is to overthrow the Government of Uzbekistan and replace it with an Islamic State.
• Jaish-e-Mohammed (literally The Army of Muhammad) — a major Islamic militant organization in South Asia, formed in 1994 and based in the Pakistan. The group's primary objective is to end India's rule in Kashmir.^[13][14]
• Jamiat ul-Ansar (formerly known as Harakat Ul-Mujahideen) — a militant Islamist organization founded in 1993 that is particularly active in Jammu and Kashmir.
• Jemaah Islamiyah — a Southeast Asian Islamist organization dedicated to the establishment of a Daulah Islamiyah (pan-Islamic superstate in Southeast Asia).
• Lashkar i Jhangvi (English: Army of Jhang) — a Wahabi Islamic terrorist organization affiliated with Al Qaeda that has operated in Pakistan since 1997 with a particular focus upon victimising the Pakistani Shia Muslim community.
• Lashkar-e-Tayyiba. This organisation's primary objectives are to end Indian rule in Jammu and Kashmir, and to establish Islamic rule over all of India and the world ^[15]
• Palestinian Islamic Jihad — an organisation whose declared goal is the destruction of Israel and replacement it with a Palestinian Islamic state.
• Salafist Group for Call and Combat — a militant Wahhabist Sunni Islamist group which aims to overthrow the Algerian government and institute an Islamic state.
• Kurdistan Workers Party — a marxist group based in southern Turkey, northern parts of Iraq, Iran, Syria listed since 15 December 2005.

See also

• Australian anti-terrorism legislation, 2004
• Australian Anti-Terrorism Act 2005
• List of designated terrorist groups
• Terrorism in Australia

References

1. "The Security Legislation Amendment (Terrorism) Act 2002".
2. "Listed terrorist organisations". Australian National Security. Retrieved 2016-10-16.
3. "Terrorist organisations". Australian Attorney-General's Department. Retrieved 2016-10-16.
4. Australian National Security: What Australia is doing
5. Criminal Code Act 1995 (Cth) s 1.1, Criminal Code Act 1995 (Cth). Retrieved 20 January 2015.
6. "Protocol for listing terrorist organisations". Australian National Security. Retrieved 2016-10-16.
7. "Hamas' Izz al-Din al-Qassam Brigades". Australian National Security. Retrieved 2016-10-16.
8. "Australia lists Hamas as terrorist organisation". Big News Network. 26 July 2014. Retrieved 2 September 2014.
9. url=http://tkb.org/Group.jsp?groupID=204, title=Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG), publisher=MIPT Terrorism Knowledge Base
10. 031/2007 - 19 February 2007 - Re-listing of Al-Zarqawi (tanzim qa'idat al-jihad fi bilad al-rafidayn) as a Terrorist Organisation
11. United States Department of State. "Asbat al-Ansar)". Retrieved 2006-07-20.
12. Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan MIPT Terrorism Knowledge Base
13. "Jaish-e-Mohammad: A profile". BBC News. 6 February 2002. Retrieved 8 May 2010.
14. Attack May Spoil Kashmir Summit
15. Lashkar-e-Toiba, BBC