Little Anthony and the Imperials

Little Anthony and the Imperials

Little Anthony and the Imperials in 2005, New York City. (L to R) Harold Jenkins, Ernest Wright, Clarence Collins, "Little Anthony" Gourdine
Background information
Also known as The Imperials
Origin Brooklyn, New York City, United States
Genres R&B, doo-wop, rock & roll, soul, adult contemporary
Years active 1958–present
Labels End, Roulette, London, United Artists Records, Ridge, Avco Records, Janus Records, Veep Records, DCP Records
Website littleanthonyandtheimperials.net
Members "Little Anthony" Gourdine
Ernest Wright
Robert Deblanc
Johnny Britt
Past members Clarence "Wa-hoo" Collins
Samuel "Sammy" Strain
Glouster "Nate" Rogers
Tracey Lord
Bobby Wade
Harold "Hawk" Jenkins
Kenny Seymour
George Kerr

Little Anthony and the Imperials is an American rhythm and blues/soul/doo-wop vocal group from New York City, first active in the 1950s. Lead singer Jerome Anthony "Little Anthony" Gourdine was noted for his high-pitched voice, influenced by Jimmy Scott. The other original members were: Clarence Collins (group founder), Ernest Wright, Glouster "Nate" Rogers and Tracey Lord, the last two of whom were replaced by Samuel "Sammy" Strain. The group was one of the very few doo-wop groups to maintain success on the R&B and pop charts throughout the 1960s. They were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame on April 4, 2009,[1] 23 years after the group's first year of eligibility for induction.

Career

In 1957, a doo-wop group known as the Chesters existed with members Clarence Collins, Tracey Lord, Nathaniel Rodgers, and Ronald Ross. Anthony Gourdine, a former member of the Duponts, joined as lead vocalist. Ernest Wright took over from Ross, and the group recorded briefly for Apollo Records.

Changing their name to the Imperials, they signed with End Records in 1958. Their first single was "Tears on My Pillow", which was an instant hit. It sold over one million copies, and was awarded a gold disc by the RIAA.[2] (While playing this song, D.J. Alan Freed came up with the name "Little Anthony".) The B-side, "Two People in the World", was also a hit. The group followed up with "Shimmy, Shimmy, Ko Ko Bop" in 1960. When their success dwindled in 1961, Gourdine left to attempt a solo career. Original Imperials member Nate Rogers was drafted into the service and Tracey Lord, another original member, left to get married. and the line-up then became Collins, Wright, Sammy Strain, (a childhood friend who had grown up together with the Imperials in Brooklyn), and George Kerr. Kerr was replaced by Kenny Seymour after a short time. This line-up had little success.[3]

Gourdine returned in 1963, replacing Seymour. The group's classic line-up – Gourdine, Wright, Collins, and Strain – was now complete. With the help of record producer/songwriter Teddy Randazzo (a childhood friend of the group), the Imperials found success on the new DCP (Don Costa Productions) label with the dramatic pop-soul records "I'm on the Outside (Looking In)" (1964), "Goin' Out of My Head" (1964), "Hurt So Bad" (1965), "I Miss You So" (1965), "Take Me Back" (1965), "Hurt" (1966), "Better Use Your Head" (1966), and "Out of Sight, Out of Mind" (1969).[4] In 1965, the Imperials appeared on the CBS-TV special Murray The K - It's What's Happening, Baby, where they performed "I'm Alright" before a live audience in New York at the Brooklyn Fox Theatre. At the height of their career, the group made two appearances on The Ed Sullivan Show, at the time television's top talent showcase, on March 28, 1965, and again on January 25, 1970.[5][6] They also performed on many other popular television variety shows during the sixties, including Shindig!, Hullabaloo, Perry Como's Kraft Music Hall, Soul Train, Dick Clark's American Bandstand, and NBC's The Midnight Special, and The Tonight Show.

The Imperials then joined United Artists Records and were assigned to its Veep Records subsidiary, and then to the parent label itself, where they recorded "World of Darkness","It's Not The Same", "If I Remember To Forget", "Yesterday Has Gone", and the Thom Bell-produced "Help Me Find A Way (To Say I Love You)".

Albums from this era include: Reflections, Payin' Our Dues, Out Of Sight, Out Of Mind (named after their hit cover of The Five Keys song), and Movie Grabbers, which included a rendition of "You Only Live Twice", the James Bond motion picture theme.This song was originally recorded by The Imperials -expressly for the film and its soundtrack- but was later given instead to Nancy Sinatra for the film, due to her father Frank's greater influence.[7][8]

They recorded three singles for Janus Records including "Father Father", which they later performed on the Merv Griffin Show. Then they went to Avco Records in the mid-1970s and recorded On A New Street,[9] and charted with the songs "La La La (At the End)" and "I'm Falling in Love With You". This album was produced by both Bell and Randazzo. A second LP for Avco Records entitled Hold On was withdrawn from sale in the USA after the failure of the title track to sell and AVCO's subsequent financial difficulties. The group appeared on Soul Train on May 26, 1973. By this time, Strain and Wright had left the group, although both would eventually return.[10]

The Imperials in 1976. (L to R) Harold Jenkins, Clarence Collins and Bobby Wade

Wright left in 1971 to join Tony Williams' Platters. He was replaced by the returning Kenny Seymour, who was again replaced after a short time by Bobby Wade, formerly a Cleveland-based singer with a number of solo releases on Cleveland labels, that included Way Out and Big Jim. Strain left in 1972. He had a restaurant in Los Angeles and was not singing for three years; at the end of that period he was briefly a member of The Fandangos with Lonnie Cook and Alvin Walker. He also auditioned for the lead voice of Arpeggio. Strain had been replaced by Harold Jenkins as a member of The Imperials. He then joined the O'Jays as the replacement for original O'Jays member William Powell, who left the group due to illness. (Powell died of cancer shortly thereafter.) Jenkins had already been functioning as the group's choreographer. Jenkins and Seymour had previously performed together in the Impacts. Gourdine left for a second (more successful) attempt at a solo career. The trio of Collins, Wade, and Jenkins continued as "the Imperials". Collins left in 1988, and was replaced by Sherman James. They then toured as "Bobby Wade's Imperials". James left in 1992, and was replaced by Ron Stevenson.

Reunion

In 1992, Collins, Wright, Strain, and Gourdine reunited for a concert at Madison Square Garden. This reunion proved to be a success. When the decision was made for the foursome to tour together again, Wade relinquished the Imperials name, with his group becoming "Bobby Wade's Emperors". They became the house band at Caesars Palace in Las Vegas. At this point, Strain left the O'Jays, and permanently returned to the Imperials. 1992, the year of the group's reformation, was also the 40th anniversary of Dick Clark's American Bandstand, and he invited the Imperials to appear as part of the televised special celebration.

On August 30, 1997, the group was featured on NBC's Today show as part of that show's "Summer Concert Series", and appeared on two popular PBS specials: Rock, Rhythm, and Doo-Wop and Soul Spectacular: 40 Years Of R&B in 2002 and 2003, respectively. Also, during this period, they recorded two new CDs: Little Anthony & the Imperials – Live: Up Close & Personal (the group's first ever live album), and Pure Acapella,[11] an all a cappella CD showcasing the group's vocal talents on several classic 50's doo-wop songs, including their own hit, "Two People in the World", which was written by Imperials member Ernest Wright. These two recordings marked the first time that the classic line-up had recorded together in over 30 years.

Later years: 2000 to present

Gourdine, Collins, Wright, and Strain continued touring as "Little Anthony and the Imperials" until Strain retired in 2004 and Jenkins returned to take his place. In 2010, Jenkins also retired, and was replaced by Robert DeBlanc.[12] As of 2012, the Imperials were (along with the Dells), one of the few 1950s-era R&B groups still touring with the great majority of their original members (Gourdine, Collins, and Wright). They are also one of the very few late 1950s-based groups to successfully re-invent themselves and go on to maintain consistent recording success well into the 1960s/1970s, while many of their contemporaries had long since faded from the charts.

Little Anthony and the Imperials released their first new LP in several years in October 2008, entitled "You'll Never Know", and they performed on the Late Show with David Letterman on August 26, 2008. On their Discovery album, the electronic music duo Daft Punk sampled Little Anthony and the Imperials' 1977 recording of "Can You Imagine" for the track "Crescendolls".

Imperials founder Collins retired from the group in late 2012 due to age and health reasons.[13] He still owns the trademark on The Imperials' name. He and Anthony are married to twin sisters, Brenda Collins and Linda Gourdine.[14] The Contemporary Christian Gospel Group The Imperials uses the name with Collins' permission. Gourdine's first wife was Judy Fouseca, with whom he had four children, and four more by his second wife, Linda.[15][16][17] Strain, once married to singer Yvonne Fair (now deceased), is married to his second wife, DeBorah, and has two children, Vincent and Shawn.[18] Original member Wright is married and has a daughter, Nicole.[19] He is also a songwriter and producer. Original Imperials bass singer Glouster "Nate" Rogers is a cancer survivor. He has been married many years to wife Loretta.[18][20] Original Imperials member Tracey Lord is deceased.[21]

In early 2014, Gourdine toured the UK with David Gest's Legends of Soul when he performed "Tears on My Pillow" and "Goin' Out of My Head" .[22] The same year, he released his biography, Little Anthony: My Journey, My Destiny, recounting his life, his memories, and his years with The Imperials.[23]

As of 2015, The Imperials are still performing. Imperials founder Collins, now retired, has been replaced by Johnny Britt. De Blanc and original members Wright and Gourdine round out the group. When the group is not touring, Gourdine does stage plays and currently also has a one-man show, which he is currently doing to support his recently released biography, and to celebrate his 55-plus years as a performer.[24][25][26]

Cover versions, influence, and legacy

Over the decades, in a measure of their profound influence, several of The Imperials' hit songs have been covered by numerous other artists of many different musical genres, including pop, jazz, MOR, rock, Latin, country, doo-wop, and R&B. Some examples:

In addition, according to songwriter and producer Kenny Gamble, Little Anthony and the Imperials and their music were a major influence in the development of Philadelphia soul, and artists such as the Stylistics, the Delfonics,[35] Blue Magic (who covered the Imperials' tune "The Loneliest House on the Block"),[36][37] Chicago's Chi-Lites, and other groups.[38] They were also the first contemporary music group to play New York's prestigious Copacabana nightclub, even predating the Temptations and Supremes.[10]

2009 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame induction and other awards

Little Anthony and the Imperials received the Rhythm and Blues Foundation's Pioneer Award in 1993. They were inducted into the Vocal Group Hall of Fame in 1999 and the Long Island Music Hall of Fame on October 15, 2006. In 2007, the Imperials were inducted into the Hit Parade Hall of Fame[39][40] On January 14, 2009, it was announced that Little Anthony and the Imperials had been inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.[41] Gourdine, Wright, Collins, Strain, and Rogers were present to be honored.[42] Deceased original Imperials member Tracey Lord was inducted posthumously; his sons accepted his Rock and Roll Hall of Fame induction on his behalf.[43] The group was inducted by Smokey Robinson. In October 2009, the group performed "Two People in the World" at the 25th Anniversary Rock & Roll Hall of Fame Concert.[44] In 2014, Goldmine magazine inducted the Imperials into The Goldmine Hall of Fame. Editor Phil Marder referred to them as one of the few 1950s doo-wop groups (though the group hated that label) to consistently chart hits during the British Invasion.[45][46] Goldmine also named Little Anthony and the Imperials as one of The 20 Greatest Doo-Wop Groups of All Time.[47]

Sammy Strain is one of the few artists in popular music history who is a double Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inductee, having been inducted with the O'Jays in 2005 and the Imperials in 2009.

In 2015, Little Anthony and the Imperials were inducted into the Official Rhythm and Blues Music Hall of Fame in Cleveland .[48]

Discography

Singles

Year Song titles (A-side, B-side)
Both sides from same album except where indicated		 Label & number Peak chart positions Album
US US
R&B		 UK
1958 "Tears on My Pillow"
b/w "Two People in the World"
Original pressings shown as "The Imperials"		 End 1027 4 2 — We Are the Imperials featuring Little Anthony
"So Much"
b/w "Oh Yeah"		 End 1036 87 2 —
"The Diary"
b/w "Cha Cha Henry"		 End 1038 — — —
1959 "Wishful Thinking"
b/w "When You Wish Upon a Star"		 End 1039 79 — — Forever Yours
"A Prayer and a Juke Box"
b/w "River Path"		 End 1047 101 — —
"I'm Alright"
b/w "So Near Yet So Far"		 End 1053 — — —
"Shimmy, Shimmy, Ko-Ko-Bop"
b/w "I'm Still in Love with You" 		End 1060 24 14 —
1960 "My Empty Room"
b/w "Bayou, Bayou Baby"		 End 1067 86 — — Non-album tracks
"I'm Taking a Vacation from Love"
b/w "Only Sympathy"		 End 1074 — — —
"Limbo Part I"
b/w "Limbo Part II"		 End 1080 — — —
1961 "Formula of Love"
b/w "Dream" (from Shades of the 40's)		 End 1083 — — —
"Please Say You Want Me"
b/w "So Near Yet So Far" (from Forever Yours)		 End 1086 104 — —
"Traveling Stranger"
b/w "Say Yeah"		 End 1091 — — — We Are the Imperials featuring Little Anthony
"A Lovely Way to Spend an Evening"
b/w "Dream"		 End 1104 — — — Shades of the 40's
"That Lil' Ole Lovemaker Me"
b/w "It Just Ain't Fair"		 Roulette 4379 — — — Non-album tracks
1964 "I'm on the Outside (Looking In)"
b/w "Please Go"		 DCP 1104 (original)
Veep 1240 (1966 reissue)		 15 8 — I'm on the Outside (Looking In)
"Goin' Out of My Head"
b/w "Make It Easy on Yourself" (from I'm on the Outside (Looking In))		 DCP 1119 (original)
Veep 1241 (1966 reissue)		 6 6 — Goin' Out of My Head
"Hurt So Bad"
b/w "Reputation"		 DCP 1128 (original)
Veep 1242 (1966 reissue)		 10 3 —
1965 "Take Me Back"
b/w "Our Song" (from I'm on the Outside (Looking In))		 DCP 1136 (original)
Veep 1243 (1966 reissue)		 16 15 —
"I Miss You So"
b/w "Get Out of My Life"		 DCP 1149 (original)
Veep 1244 (1966 reissue)		 34 23 —
"Hurt"
b/w "Never Again"		 DCP 1154 (original)
Veep 1245 (1966 reissue)		 51 — —
1966 "Better Use Your Head"
b/w "The Wonder of It All"		 Veep 1228 54 — 42 Payin' Our Dues
"You Better Take It Easy Baby"
b/w "Gonna Fix You Good (Everytime You're Bad)"		 Veep 1233 125 — —
"It's Not the Same"
b/w "Down on Love" (Non-album track)
As "Anthony & The Imperials"		 Veep 1248 92 — —
1967 "Don't Tie Me Down"
b/w "Where There's a Will There's a Way to Forget You" (Non-album track)
As "Anthony & The Imperials"		 Veep 1255 123 — — Reflections
"Hold on to Someone"
b/w "Lost in Love"
As "Anthony & The Imperials"		 Veep 1262 — — —
"You Only Live Twice"
b/w "My Love Is a Rainbow" (from Reflections)
As "Anthony & The Imperials"		 Veep 1269 — — — Movie Grabbers
"If I Remember to Forget"
b/w "Beautiful People" (from The Best of Anthony & The Imperials Volume 2)
As "Anthony & The Imperials"		 Veep 1275 — — — Reflections
1968 "I'm Hypnotized"
b/w "Hungry Heart" (from Payin' Our Dues)
As "Anthony & The Imperials"		 Veep 1278 98 — — The Best of Anthony & The Imperials Volume 2
"What Greater Love"
b/w "In the Back of My Heart"
As "Anthony & The Imperials"		 Veep 1283 — — — Non-album tracks
"Yesterday Has Gone"
b/w "My Love Is a Rainbow"
As "Anthony & The Imperials"		 Veep 1285 — — — Reflections
"The Flesh Failures (Let the Sunshine In)"
b/w "The Gentle Rain" (from Movie Grabbers)
As "Anthony & The Imperials"		 Veep 1293 — — — Non-album tracks
1969 "Anthem (Grow, Grow, Grow)"
b/w "Goodbye Goodtimes"
As "Anthony & The Imperials"		 Veep 1303 — — —
"Out of Sight, Out of Mind"
b/w "Summer's Comin' In"		 United Artists 50552 52 38 — Out of Sight, Out of Mind
"The Ten Commandments of Love"
b/w "Let the Sunshine In"		 United Artists 50598 82 — —
1970 "Don't Get Close"
b/w "It'll Never Be the Same Again"		 United Artists 50625 116 — — Non-album tracks
"World of Darkness"
b/w "The Change"		 United Artists 50677 121 — —
"Help Me Find a Way (To Say I Love You)"
b/w "If I Love You"		 United Artists 50720 92 32 —
1971 "Father, Father"
b/w "Each One, Teach One"		 Janus 160 — — —
1973 "La La La at the End"
b/w "Lazy Susan"		 Avco 4614 — — — On a New Street
1974 "I'm Falling in Love with You"
b/w "What Good Am I Without You"		 Avco 4635 86 25 —
"I Don't Have to Worry"
b/w "Loneliest House on the Block"		 Avco 4645 — — —
1975 "Hold On (Just a Little Bit Longer)"
b/w "I've Got to Let You Go (Part 1)"
As "Anthony & The Imperials"		 Avco 4651 106 79 — Hold On!
"I'll Be Loving You Sooner or Later"
b/w "Young Girl" (from Hold On!)
As "Anthony & The Imperials"		 Avco 4655 — — — Non-album tracks
1976 "Nothing from Nothing"
b/w "Running with the Wrong Crowd"		 Pure Gold 101 — — —
1977 "Who's Gonna Love Me"
b/w "Can You Imagine"
As "The Imperials"		 Power Exchange 266 — — —
1978 "Where You Gonna Find Somebody Like Me"
b/w "Another Star"
As "The Imperials"		 Power Exchange 271 — — —
"Who's Gonna Love Me"
b/w "You Better Take Time to Love"
As "The Imperials"		 Omni 5501 — 73 17

Albums

The above two albums were issued only in mono
Re-released in 1966 on Veep VP 13510 (Mono)/VPS 16510 (Stereo)
Re-released in 1966 on Veep VP 13511/VPS 16511
Re-released in 1966 on Veep VP 13512/VPS 16512
The above four albums are credited as "Anthony & The Imperials"

(Only demo copies existed until 2013, when this album was released in a 2-for-1 CD with The Imperials' On A New Street album by Soulmusic.Com Records.)[49][50]

References

  1. ↑ Archived January 23, 2009, at the Wayback Machine.
  2. ↑ Murrells, Joseph (1978). The Book of Golden Discs (2nd ed.). London: Barrie and Jenkins Ltd. p. 103. ISBN 0-214-20512-6.
  3. ↑ "Echoes of the Past" (PDF). Classicurbanharmony.net. Retrieved January 7, 2015.
  4. ↑ "Little Anthony & the Imperials Songs ••• Top Songs / Chart Singles Discography ••• Music VF, US & UK hits charts". Musicvf.com. Retrieved January 7, 2015.
  5. ↑ TV.com. "The Ed Sullivan Show – Season 17, Episode 26: March 28, 1965: Little Anthony and the Imperials, Bobby Vinton, Sergio Franchi". TV.com. Retrieved 2012-10-18.
  6. ↑ TV.com. "The Ed Sullivan Show – Season 22, Episode 18: January 25, 1970: Little Anthony & the Imperials, B.J. Thomas, Robert Klein, Patti Page". TV.com. Retrieved 2012-10-18.
  7. ↑ Charlie Horner. "The Sammy Strain Story Part 4 : Little Anthony & the Imperials" (PDF). Classicurbanharmony.net. Retrieved January 7, 2015.
  8. ↑ "Anthony & The Imperials You Only Live Twice". YouTube. March 1, 2015. Retrieved 2015-08-17.
  9. ↑ "Album Cover". Circustown.net. Retrieved 2012-10-18.
  10. 1 2 "Inductee explorer - Rock & Roll Hall of Fame".
  11. ↑ Archived July 8, 2011, at the Wayback Machine.
  12. ↑ "LAI Info Page". Littleanthonyandtheimperials.com. Retrieved 2012-10-18.
  13. ↑ "Courthouse News Service". Courthousenews.com. Retrieved January 7, 2015.
  14. ↑ "Little Anthony and The Imperials Clarence Collins Bio". Algomes.com. Retrieved January 7, 2015.
  15. ↑ "Little Anthony and The Imperials Anthony Gourdine Bio". Algomes.com. Retrieved January 7, 2015.
  16. ↑ "Page 3 of The Classic Imperials: The complete history of the Christian music pioneers – The Classic Imperials". Crossrhythms.co.uk. Retrieved January 7, 2015.
  17. ↑ "Little Anthony Gourdine – Facebook". Facebook.com. Retrieved January 7, 2015.
  18. 1 2 "Little Anthony and the Imperials accept award Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's 2009 Induction Ceremony". YouTube. Retrieved January 7, 2015.
  19. ↑ "Little Anthony and The Imperials Ernest Wright Bio". Algomes.com. Retrieved January 7, 2015.
  20. ↑
  21. ↑ "Little Anthony and the Imperials – Future Rock Legends". Futurerocklegends.com. Retrieved January 7, 2015.
  22. ↑ David Gest. "David Gest – DAVID GEST'S LEGENDS OF SOUL LIVE CONCERT!". David Gest. Retrieved January 7, 2015.
  23. ↑ "Little Anthony: My Journey, My Destiny". Amazon.com. Retrieved January 7, 2015.
  24. ↑ "The Pace Report: "My Journey, My Destiny" The Little Anthony Gourdine Interview". YouTube. July 10, 2014. Retrieved 2015-08-17.
  25. ↑ "Little Anthony – Tickets – The Cutting Room – New York, NY – January 8th, 2015". Ticketfly. January 8, 2015. Retrieved 2015-08-17.
  26. ↑ "Upcoming Performances". Littleanthonyandtheimperials.org. Retrieved 2015-08-17.
  27. ↑ "YouTube".
  28. ↑ Michael McKenna (March 9, 2013). "Little Anthony & the Imperials - Better Use Your Head" – via YouTube.
  29. ↑ musiccity123 (November 14, 2010). "Dennis D'Ell - Better Use Your Head." – via YouTube.
  30. ↑ nsoulchris (March 19, 2012). "NS-KTF-2021 Marion Ryan - Better Use Your Head.wmv" – via YouTube.
  31. ↑ Richard Custer (March 16, 2014). "Sonny James - Take Me Back" – via YouTube.
  32. ↑ Ronnie Dove Music (June 3, 2015). "Ronnie Dove - Take Me Back" – via YouTube.
  33. ↑ Soulhawk (June 14, 2011). "Little Anthony & The Imperials - If I Love You.wmv" – via YouTube.
  34. ↑ FrankeyHoboken (May 2, 2008). "The Stylistics - If I Love You" – via YouTube.
  35. ↑ "The Delfonics's 'Going Out of My Head' - Discover the Original Song".
  36. ↑ Valmir904 (January 20, 2011). "Little Anthony & The Imperials - The Loneliest House on The Block.avi" – via YouTube.
  37. ↑ Multiplicityme2too (September 23, 2012). "Blue Magic - The Loneliest House on the Block" – via YouTube.
  38. ↑ WVIZPBS (April 22, 2009). "Little Anthony Interview at the 2009 Rock Hall Induction Ceremony" – via YouTube.
  39. ↑ "Inductees". Hitparadehalloffame.com. Retrieved January 7, 2015.
  40. ↑ "Little Anthony & the Imperials". Hitparadehalloffame.com. Retrieved January 7, 2015.
  41. ↑ "Little Anthony and the Imperials Biography". Rockhall.com. Retrieved January 7, 2015.
  42. ↑ "Little Anthony and the Imperials". Future Rock Legends. January 3, 2007. Retrieved 2012-12-15.
  43. ↑ "Little Anthony Interview at the 2009 Rock Hall Induction Ceremony". YouTube. April 22, 2009. Retrieved 2015-08-17.
  44. ↑ "The 25th Anniversary Rock & Roll Hall of Fame Concerts (4CD)". Amazon.com. Retrieved 2011-11-25.
  45. ↑ "Goldmine's Hall of Fame Inductees – Volume 43 – Goldmine Magazine". Goldmine Magazine. Retrieved January 7, 2015.
  46. ↑ "Little Anthony & The Imperials: No More Doo Wop Reunions". Pollstar. Retrieved January 7, 2015.
  47. ↑ "Goldmine's 20 greatest doo-wop groups". Goldmine Magazine. Retrieved January 7, 2015.
  48. ↑ "2015 INDUCTION CEREMONY AND CONCERT – DETROIT | The Official Rhythm & Blues Music Hall of Fame Museum". Rhythmandblueshof.com. August 28, 2014. Retrieved 2015-08-17.
  49. ↑ "On a New Street / Hold on Import". Amazon.com. Retrieved January 7, 2015.
  50. ↑ "SoulMusic.com". Amazon.com. Retrieved January 7, 2015.
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