Lockheed YP-24

YP-24 Y1A-9

Role	Two-seat fighter Ground attack
Manufacturer	Detroit Lockheed
Designer	Robert J. Woods
First flight	1931
Status	Prototype
Primary user	United States Army Air Corps
Number built	1 YP-24
Variants	Consolidated Y1P-25 Consolidated XA-11 Consolidated P-30

The Lockheed-Detroit YP-24 was a 1930s prototype two-seat fighter aircraft. An attack version called the A-9 was also proposed. The YP-24 is most remarkable for being the first fighter aircraft to bear the Lockheed name.

Design and development

In 1930, Detroit Aircraft Corporation undertook a private venture to develop a new fighter ("pursuit aircraft" in contemporary terminology) for US Army Air Corps based on the successful Lockheed Altair transport plane. Designed by Robert J. Woods, the aircraft was completed in 1931 with Detroit Aircraft fabricating the metal fuselage and Lockheed providing the wooden wings, essentially identical to the Altair. Wright Field assigned the prototype the designation XP-900. Vance Breese was hired to be the chief test pilot for the project.^[1] The aircraft was purchased by USAAC in September 1931 and redesignated YP-24, serial number 32-320. Early testing was sufficiently impressive to generate an order for five Y1P-24 fighters and four Y1A-9 attack aircraft intended to replace the Berliner-Joyce P-16. The A-9 differed in having four forward-firing machine guns, underwing racks for bombs, and a V-1570-27 engine better low-altitude performance.^[2]

Operational history

Detroit-Lockheed YP-24

On 19 October 1931, the sole aircraft crashed. The aircraft had a partially stuck landing gear, and Wright Field pilots painted messages on the side of their P-12D and O-25C aircraft, indicating to test pilot Lt. Harrison Crocker to bail out.^[3]

Shortly after, in October 1931, events in the Great Depression forced Detroit Aircraft into bankruptcy with Lockheed following suit in June 1932.^[2] Although Lockheed was resuscitated by a group of investors only five days after it closed doors, the financial hardships had taken their toll and the P-24/A-9 project was cancelled with no aircraft built beyond the original prototype. Four pre-production Y1P-24s, 32-321/324, were cancelled.^[4] However, after Robert Woods left Detroit Aircraft for Consolidated Aircraft, he continued to develop the YP-24/A-9 concept into Consolidated Y1P-25/Y1A-11 which eventually entered service as Consolidated P-30.^[5]

Specifications (YP-24)

Data from Lockheed Aircraft since 1913^[6]

General characteristics

Crew: two
Length: 28 ft 9 in (8.76 m)
Wingspan: 42 ft 9½ in (13.04 m)
Height: 8 ft 6 in (2.59 m)
Wing area: 292 ft² (27.1 m²)
Empty weight: 3,010 lb (1,365 kg)
Loaded weight: 4,360 lb (1,978 kg)
Max. takeoff weight: lb (kg)
Powerplant: 1 × Curtiss V-1570-23 "Conqueror" liquid-cooled V12 engine, 600 hp (448 kW)
Propellers: 3-bladed propeller

Performance

Maximum speed: 235 mph (204 knots, 378 km/h)
Cruise speed: 215 mph (187 knots, 346 km/h)
Range: 556 mi (483 nm, 895 km)
Service ceiling: 25,000 ft (7,620 m)
Rate of climb: 1,820 ft/min (9.3 m/s)

Armament

Guns:
- 1× 0.50 in (12.7 mm) machine gun firing through the propeller
- 1× 0.30 in (7.62 mm) machine gun firing through the propeller
- 1× 0.30 in machine gun in rear cockpit

References

Citations

↑ Robert F. Pauley. "Breese-Dallas Model 1". Skyways: 61.
1 2 "Fact Sheet: Detroit-Lockheed YP-24." Museum of the United States Air Force. Retrieved: 16 February 2011.
↑ Skyways, April 2001, p. 59.
↑ Andrade 1979, p. 144.
↑ "Fact Sheet: Consolidated P-30." Museum of the United States Air Force. Retrieved: 16 February 2011.
↑ Francillon 1982, pp. 114–116.

Bibliography

Andrade, John M. U.S. Military Aircraft Designations and Serials since 1909. Earl Shilton, Leicester, UK: Midland Counties Publications, 1979. ISBN 0-904597-21-0.
Bowers, Peter M. and Enzo Angellucci. The American Fighter. New York: Orion Books, 1987. ISBN 0-517-56588-9.
Francillon, René J. Lockheed Aircraft Since 1913. London: Putnam, 1982. ISBN 0-370-30329-6.
Francillon, René J. Lockheed Aircraft Since 1913. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 1987. ISBN 0-87021-897-2.
Swanborough, Gordon and Peter M. Bowers. United States Military Aircraft Since 1909. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Publications, 1989. ISBN 0-87474-880-1.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Detroit-Lockheed YP-24.

USAF Museum page on P-24/A-9

Lockheed and Lockheed Martin aircraft

Airliners and civil transports	Vega Model 8 Sirius Altair Model 9 Orion Model 10 Electra Model 12 Electra Junior Model 14 Super Electra Model 18 Lodestar Constellation L-049 L-649 L-749 L-1049 Super Constellation L-1249 Super Constellation L-1649 Starliner Saturn L-188 Electra L-402 JetStar L-100 Hercules L-1011 TriStar

Military transports	C-69 Constellation C-121 Constellation C-130 Hercules C-130J Super Hercules DC-130 HC-130 KC-130 LC-130 MC-130 C-141 Starlifter C-5 Galaxy R6V Constitution Tristar (RAF)

Attack and bombers	YP-24 Hudson XB-30 Ventura AC-130 A-4AR Fightinghawk F-117 Nighthawk Have Blue FB-22

Drones/UAVs	AQM-60 Kingfisher D-21 Desert Hawk Desert Hawk III MQM-105 Aquila Polecat RQ-3 Darkstar RQ-170 Sentinel

EW and reconnaissance	YO-3 EC-121 Warning Star EC-130 EC-130H Compass Call WC-130 EP-3 U-2 TR-X A-12 SR-71 Blackbird SR-72

Fighters	XFM-2 YP-24 P-38 Lightning XP-49 XP-58 Chain Lightning P-80 Shooting Star XF-90 F-94 Starfire F-104 Starfighter variants YF-12 F-16 Fighting Falcon F-22 Raptor YF-22 F-35 Lightning II

Helicopters	CL-475 XH-51 AH-56 Cheyenne VH-71 Kestrel

Maritime patrol	P-2 Neptune P-3 Orion P-7 S-3 Viking CP-140 Aurora

Trainers	T-33 T2V SeaStar

Experimental	L-133 NF-104A Senior Peg Senior Prom XC-35 XF-104 XV-4 Hummingbird X-7 X-17 X-26B Frigate CL-1200 Lancer X-33 X-35 X-44 X-55 X-56 XFV QueSST

Other	Air Express Big Dipper Model 44 Excalibur Explorer Little Dipper

United States attack aircraft designations, Army/Air Force and Tri-Service systems

Army/Air Force sequence
(1925-1962)

Tri-service sequence
(1962-present)

Main sequence	A-1 A-2 A-3 A-4 A-5 A-6 A-7/F A-8 A-9 A-10 A-11¹ A-12 A-13¹ A-14 A-15 to A-28¹ A-29 A-30 to A-36¹ A-37

Non-sequential	F/A-18 F/A-18E/F EA-18G A-26

¹ Not assigned

USAAS/USAAC/USAAF/USAF fighter designations 1924–1962

Pursuit (pre-1948) Fighter (post-1948)	P-1 P-2 P-3 XP-4 P-5 P-6 XP-7 XP-8 XP-9 XP-10 P-11 P-12 XP-13 XP-14 XP-15 P-16 P-17 YP-18 YP-19 YP-20 P-21 XP-22 P-23 YP-24 P-25 P-26 P-27 P-28 P-29 P-30 XP-31 P-32 P-33 XP-34 P-35 P-36 P-37 P-38 P-39 P-40 XP-41 P-42 P-43 P-44 P-45 XP-46 P-47 XP-48 XP-49 XP-50 P-51 XP-52 P-53 XP-54 XP-55 XP-56 XP-57 XP-58 P-59 P-60 P-61/C XP-62 P-63 P-64 P-65 P-66 XP-67 XP-68 P-69 P-70 XP-71 XP-72 P-73 P-74¹ P-75 XP-76 XP-77 P-78 XP-79 P-80 XP-81 F-82 XP-83 F-84 F-85 F-86/D XF-87 F-88 F-89 XF-90 XF-91 XF-92 YF-93 F-94 F-95 F-96 F-97 F-98 F-99 F-100 F-101 F-102 XF-103 F-104 F-105 F-106 F-107 XF-108 XF-109 F-110 F-111/B

Pursuit, Biplace	PB-1 PB-2 PB-3

Fighter, Multiplace	FM-1 FM-2

¹ Not assigned See also: F-24 • F-117 • P-400 • post-1962 sequence

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