Lupinus texensis

Lupinus texanos
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Eudicots
(unranked):	Rosids
Order:	Fabales
Family:	Fabaceae
Subfamily:	Faboideae
Tribe:	Genisteae
Genus:	Lupinus
Species:	L. texanos
Binomial name
Lupinus texanos Hook.

Lupinus texanos, the Texas lupine^[1] or Texas bluebonnet, is a species of lupine endemic to Texas. With other related species of lupines also called bluebonnets, it is the state flower of Texas.^[2]

It is a biennial plant which begins its life as a small, gravel-like seed. The seed has a hard seed coat that must be penetrated by wind, rain, and weather over the course of a few months (but sometimes several years). In the fall, the bluebonnets emerge as small seedings with two cotyledons, and later a rosette of leaves that are palmately compound with 5-7 leaflets 3-10 cm long, green with a faint white edge and hair. Growth continues over the mild winter months and then in the spring will take off and rapidly grow larger, before sending up a 20-50 cm tall plume of blue flowers (with bits of white and occasionally a tinge of pinkish-red). The scent of these blossoms has been diversely described; many people say they give off no scent at all, while a few have described the scent as 'sickly sweet'.

It has been found in the wild with isolated mutations in other colors, most notably all-white flowers, pink, and maroon. These mutations have since been selectively bred to produce different color strains that are available commercially.

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  Texas bluebonnets in bloom
• 
  Bluebonnets in Big Bend National Park
• 
  A field of Texas bluebonnets

References

1. "Lupinus texensis". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. Retrieved 24 June 2015.
2. How did bluebonnets become state flower?

• Germplasm Resources Information Network: Lupinus texensis
• Texas Endemics: Distribution of Lupinus texensis
• University of Texas at Austin: Lupinus texensis