Mamean languages
Mamean | |
---|---|
Greater Mamean | |
Geographic distribution: | Mesoamerica |
Linguistic classification: |
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Subdivisions: |
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Glottolog: | grea1277[1] |
The (Greater) Mamean family is a branch of the Eastern Mayan language group.
Languages
Phonology
Vowels
Letter | Mam (Todos Santos) |
Tektiteko (Tectitán) |
Awakatek (Aguacatán) |
Ixil (Chajul) |
---|---|---|---|---|
i | /ɪ/ | /i/ | /ɪ/ | /ɪ/ |
ii | /iː/ | /iː/ | /iː/ | /iː/ |
u | /ɯ/ | /u/ | /ɯ/ | /ɯ/ |
uu | /u͍ː/ | /yː/ | /ʉː/ | /yː/ |
e | /ɛ/ | /e/ | /e̞/ | /ɛ/ |
ee | /eː/ | /eː/ | /eː/ | /eː/ |
o | /ɤ̞/ | /o/ | /ɤ/ | /ɔ/ |
oo | /o͍ː/ | /øː/ | /ɵː/ | /oː/ |
a | /a/ | /a/ | /ä/ | /a/ |
aa | /ɑ͍ː/ | /aː/ | /ɐː/ | /ɐː/ |
Consonants
Letter | Mam (Todos Santos) |
Tektiteko (Tectitán) |
Awakatek (Aguacatán) |
Ixil (Chajul) |
---|---|---|---|---|
p | /pʰ~ɸʰ/ | /p̪ʰ/ | /pʰ~ɸʰ/ | /pʰ/ |
p' | N/A | N/A | /pʼ/ | N/A |
b | /β/ | N/A | N/A | N/A |
b' | /ɓ/ | /ɓ/ | /ɓ/ | /bʼ/ |
m | /m/ | /m/ | /m/ | /m/ |
w | /ʋ, ʍ, f/ | /v, ʍ, f/ | /v, w/ | /v, f/ |
t | /tʰ/ | /tʰ/ | /tʰ/ | /tʰ/ |
t' | /tʼ, ɗ/ | /tʼ, dʼ/ | /tʼ, ɗ/ | /tʼ/ |
n | /n~ŋ/ | /n~ŋ/ | /n~ɴ/ | /n~ŋʰ/ |
s | /s, z/ | /s/ | /s/ | /sʰ, z/ |
tz | /tsʰ/ | /tsʰ/ | /tsʰ/ | /tsʰ/ |
tz' | /tsʼ, dzʼ/ | /tsʼ, dzʼ/ | /tsʼ, dzʼ/ | /tsʼ, dzʼ/ |
r | /ɾ~r/ | /ɾ/ | /ɾ/ | /ɾ/ |
l | /l, ɹ, ɬ/ | /l, ɬ/ | /l, ɬ/ | /l, ɹ, ɬʰ/ |
xh | /ʃʰ, ɕʰ/ | /ʃʰ/ | /ɕʰ/ | /ɕʰ~ʃʰ/ |
ch | /tʃʰ, tɕʰ/ | /tʃʰ/ | /tɕʰ/ | /tɕʰ/ |
ch' | /tʃ', dʒʼ, tɕʼ, dʑʼ/ | /tʃʼ, dʒʼ/ | /tɕʼ, dʑʼ/ | /tɕʼ, dʑʼ/ |
x | /ʐ, ʂ/ | /ʂ, ʑ/ | /ʂ, ʐ/ | /ʐ, ʂ/ |
tx | /ʈʂʰ/ | /ʈʂʰ/ | /ʈʂʰ/ | /ʈʂʰ/ |
tx' | /ʈʂʼ~ɖʐʼ/ | /ʈʂʼ~ɖʐʼ/ | /ʈʂʼ~ɖʐʼ/ | /ʈʂʼ~ɖʐʼ/ |
y | /j/ | /j/ | /j/ | /j~ʝ/ |
k | /kʰ/ | /kʰ/ | /kʰ/ | /kʰ/ |
k' | /kʼ/ | /kʼ/ | /kʼ~ɠ/ | /kʼ/ |
nh | N/A | /ŋ/ | /ŋ/ | /ŋʰ/ |
ky | /kʲ, kɕʲ/ | /kʲʰ/ | /kʲ/ | /kʰʲ~kç/ |
ky' | /kʼʲ~kɕʼ/ | /kʼʲʰ/ | /ɠʲ/ | /kʰʲʼ, kʼʝ/ |
q | /qʰ/ | /qʰ/ | /qʰ/ | /qʰ/ |
q' | /ʛ/ | /qʼ, ʛ/ | /ʛ/ | /ɢʼ/ |
j | /χʰ, ʁ/ | /χ/ | /χ/ | /χʰ/ |
h | N/A | N/A | /ʜ, h/ | N/A |
See Mayan languages#Mamean for details.
References
- ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian, eds. (2016). "Greater Mamean". Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
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