Nailsea Glassworks

The Glassblower, a sculpture by Vanessa Marston commemorating the Nailsea Glassworks

Nailsea Glassworks was a glass manufacturing factory in Nailsea in the English county of Somerset. The remaining structures have been designated as a scheduled monument.[1]

The factory making bottle glass and some window glass opened in 1788 and closed in 1873. Little remains of the site, however it was excavated and preserved under sand before a Tesco supermarket and car park was built on it after 2000.

History

Oil on canvas of The Old Glass Works, Nailsea in about 1810

The glassworks was established by John Robert Lucas, in 1788 because of the plentiful supply of coal for the furnaces, from Elms colliery and other local mines of the Nailsea Basin and outlier of the Bristol Coalfield. The choice of site may also have been influenced by plans for the Grand Western Canal which was planned to include a branch to Nailsea. Lucas had previously had interests in a brewery and glassworks in Bristol and another at Stanton Wick. The company initially traded as "Nailsea Crown Glass and Glass Bottle Manufacturers".[2] Lucas originally built two "cones" one for window glass and the other to make bottle glass.[3]

Some of the raw materials were sourced locally, including local sand (although this was later shipped in from further away) and lime from Walton in Gordano and Wraxall. Saltcake came from Netham Chemical Works in Bristol while kelp and other seaweeds were brought from Ireland and Wales. These were used in general manufacture and in some experimental work on the production of cylinder glass.[4]

John Hartley of Hartley Wood and Co moved to Nailsea in 1812 and began working with Robert Lucas Chance who was the eldest son of William Chance, one of the partners.[5] In the 1820s a new cone was built which survived until 1905, and in the 1840s the"Lily cone" was added for the production of sheet glass.[1]

By 1835 the works became the fourth-largest of its kind in the United Kingdom,[1] mostly producing low-grade bottle glass by Glassblowing.[6][7] The products were sent all over the UK and some exported to the West Indies and the United States.[8] Lucas's initial partners were William Coathupe and Henry Pater, although this company was dissolved in 1844 becoming Coathupe and Co. but then declined.[1] In 1855 over 100 men and boys were employed. They were affected by a strike in the neighbouring collieries which stopped production.[9]

In 1870 it was brought by Chance Brothers but problems with coal supply lead to the final closure.[1] In 1871 the works employed 319 people.[10] The works closed down in 1873, but "Nailsea" glass, an example of the "latticino" decorative style, (mostly made by glass workers at the end of their shift in Nailsea and at other glass works) is still sought after by collectors around the world.[3][1][6]

Site today

Part of the site of the glass works has been covered by a Tesco supermarket car park, leaving it relatively accessible for future archaeological digs. Archeological exploration was undertaken before the construction of the supermarket.[11] Other parts of the site have been cleared and are being filled with a sand like substance to ensure that the remains of the old glass works are preserved.[12][13][14] One surviving building, which housed French kilns and gas-fired furnaces, has been converted into a garage premises.[1]

The site was designated as a scheduled monument in 2004.[1] Further preservation work was funded by Nailsea Town Council to include planting and landscaping following the removal of contaminated soil.[15][16][12]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "Nailsea Glassworks". National Heritage List for England. English Heritage. Retrieved 1 January 2015.
  2. ↑ Smith, Andrew F. "The Nailsea Glassworks" (PDF). Avon Archaeological Unit. Archaeology Data Service. Retrieved 1 January 2015.
  3. 1 2 "Bottle Green & Coal Black". Nailsea & District Local History Society. Retrieved 25 April 2011.
  4. ↑ Smith, Andrew F. "The Nailsea Glassworks, Nailsea, North Somerset A Review of the Technology Nailsea Glassworks Study 2004 - Part 3" (PDF). Avon Archaeological Unit. Archaeology Data Service. Retrieved 1 January 2015.
  5. ↑ "Hartley Wood and Co Ltd". National Archives. Retrieved 1 January 2015.
  6. 1 2 Sage, Ian. "Nailsea Glass". Nailsea Parish Family History and OPC Page. Retrieved 1 July 2010.
  7. ↑ Smith, Andrew F. (2004). "The Nailsea Glassworks, Nailsea, North Somerset A Study of the History, Archaeology, Technology and the Human Story". Archaeology Data Service (ADS). Retrieved 1 July 2010.
  8. ↑ "History of Nailsea Glass". The Antiquarian. Retrieved 1 January 2015.
  9. ↑ "The Stroike of the Nailsea Colliers". Newcastle Guardian and Tyne Mercury. 2 June 1855. Retrieved 1 January 2015 – via British Newspaper Archive. (subscription required (help)).
  10. ↑ Smith, Andrew F. "The Nailsea Glassworks, Nailsea, North Somerset The Human Story (The economic and social impact) Nailsea Glassworks Study 2004 - Part 4" (PDF). Avon Archaeological Unit. Archaeology Data Service. Retrieved 1 January 2015.
  11. ↑ Smith, Andrew F. "The Nailsea Glassworks, Nailsea, North Somerset A Summary of the known Archaeological Interventions 1975 - 2004 Nailsea Glassworks Study 2004 - Part 2" (PDF). Avon Archaeological Unit. Archaeology Data Service. Retrieved 1 January 2015.
  12. 1 2 "Glassworks site, High Street, Nailsea" (PDF). North Somerset Council. Retrieved 1 January 2015.
  13. ↑ Pickstock, H (22 May 2014). "Nailsea 'grotspot' to get revamp". Bristol Post. Retrieved 2 January 2015.
  14. ↑ "Nailsea Glass and the Original Factory". Boha Glass. Retrieved 2 January 2015.
  15. ↑ "Work on clearing Nailsea Glassworks site to start this month". Bristol Post. 5 August 2014. Retrieved 1 January 2015.
  16. ↑ "Nailsea Glassworks – New Project". Blakedown Landscapes Operations. Retrieved 1 January 2015.

Further reading

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Nailsea Glassworks.

Coordinates: 51°26′03″N 2°45′14″W / 51.4342°N 2.7540°W / 51.4342; -2.7540

This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the 6/6/2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.