One Minute to Zero

One Minute to Zero

Directed by Tay Garnett
Produced by Edmund Grainger
Howard Hughes
Written by William Wister Haines
Milton Krims
Starring Robert Mitchum
Ann Blyth
Charles McGraw
William Talman
Music by Victor Young
Distributed by RKO Radio Pictures
Release dates
  • July 21, 1952 (1952-07-21) (US)[1]
Running time
 105 minutes
Country United States
Budget $2,181,000[2]
Box office $1.6 million (US rentals)[3]

One Minute to Zero (1952) is a romantic war film starring Robert Mitchum and Ann Blyth, set during the Korean War, and produced by Howard Hughes as the last film he fronted.[4] The film showcases the contributions of the U.S. Army and U.S Air Force, the South Korean Army, the United Nations, the British Army and the Royal Australian Air Force during the early days of the Korean War.[5] The effects of air power in the Korean War were also vividly depicted through the use of combat footage.

Plot

Just prior to the North Korean invasion of South Korea, World War II U.S. Army veterans Colonel Steve Janowski (Robert Mitchum) and Sergeant Baker (Charles McGraw) are teaching South Korean soldiers how to use a bazooka to stop an enemy tank. Linda Day (Ann Blyth) is a United Nations worker assisting refugees. Janowski warns Day and her colleagues to leave the area because hostilities are imminent. Day, however, insists that the North Koreans would not risk the wrath of world opinion. In response, Janowski asks her if world opinion stopped Hitler.

Soon after, Janowski and U.S. Air Force Colonel Joe Parker (William Talman) wake up and find themselves under attack. They compare the attack to Pearl Harbor ("Isn't this where we came in?" "It's even Sunday morning!"). Janowski takes command of an U.S. Army unit which is helping to evacuate Americans and refugees. While doing his job, he keeps crossing paths, and falling in love, with Day. It turns out that she is reluctant to get involved with a soldier because she is the widow of a Medal of Honor recipient.

As part of a desperate situation, Janowski is confronted by a column of refugees which has been infiltrated by armed North Korean guerrillas. He has no choice but to call in an artillery strike. Even though Janowski is remorseful for the civilian casualties, Day initially condemns him for killing innocent people. After she finds out the reason for Janowski's action (and that he was right), she apologizes.

Janowski leads a successful American counter offensive against the enemy.

Cast

Robert Mitchum and Charles McGraw were inseparable during the film's production and ended up in trouble at a local bar.[4]

As appearing in One Minute to Zero (main roles and screen credits identified):[6]

Production

The film's working title was The Korean Story. Ted Tetzlaff was the first director assigned by RKO. He was replaced, however, by Tay Garnett because producer Edmund Grainger (famed for Sands of Iwo Jima and Flying Leathernecks) wanted a "bigger" name as director.[7]

The original actress chosen as leading lady was Claudette Colbert. She became ill with pneumonia, however, and although Grainger wanted Joan Crawford, the role had been rewritten for a younger person. Eventually, Ann Blyth became the replacement.[7]

Although RKO attempted to shoot second unit footage in South Korea,[7] One Minute to Zero was filmed at Fort Carson, Colorado, using troops of the 148th Field Artillery.[8] During a break, Mitchum, Egan, McGraw and other cast members showed up at a local hotel bar frequented by the soldiers in the nearby base. McGraw got into an argument with an army private escalating from a shoving match to a fistfight when Mitchum tried to break it up. The soldier ended up being stretchered out but news of the altercation resulted in Hughes having to intervene when U.S. Army officials threatened to pull their support for the film.[4][Note 1]

Howard Hughes, the owner of RKO, had received massive U.S. military cooperation in the making this film.[4] Nonetheless, he refused to delete the refugee massacre scene when requested to do so by the U.S. Army.[10]

Victor Young's score for the film includes the first appearance of "When I Fall In Love." It is performed as an instrumental piece by its lyricist, Edward Heyman. The song, performed here by Doris Day, went on to become a popular hit song recorded by a variety of artists.[11]

Reception

Although considered standard fare for war films, even tinged with propaganda, One Minute to Zero received notice because of one controversial scene showing the U.S. shelling refugees being forced through U.N. lines by North Korean infiltrators.[12][Note 2] Bosley Crowther of The New York Times dismissed most of the action-based story in a review that noted, "Like a great many war pictures, this one is patly contrived with elements not only of romance but also of melodrama, comedy and tears. There is the usual amount of jaw-jutting by angry and earnest G. I.'s who find themselves caught in situations from which salvation seems beyond hope. ... Plainly, "One Minute to Zero" is a ripely synthetic affair, arranged to arouse emotions with the most easy and obvious clichés. And, although some of the battle talk sounds faithful and the inter-cut news shots are sincere, neither the story nor the performances of the actors, including Miss Blyth and Mr. Mitchum, rings true. Here is another war picture that smells of grease paint and studios."[14]

The intercutting of stock footage of USAF Lockheed F-80 Shooting Star and Royal Australian Air Force North American P-51 Mustang fighter-bombers, along with other aerial sequences has made One Minute to Zero an aviation film buff's favorite.[4]

References

Notes

  1. ↑ "The incident might have rated only a paragraph ..." biographer George Eells recounted in Robert Mitchum (1984), "... had Mitchum's adversary not turned out to be [a] former light heavyweight professional boxer with a record of twenty-six wins – nineteen of them knockouts – and two losses between 1946 and 1947."[9]
  2. ↑ The incident in the film closely resembled that of the No Gun Ri Massacre on July 26–29, 1950.[13]

Citations

  1. ↑ "One Minute to Zero: Detail View." American Film Institute. Retrieved: May 31, 2014.
  2. ↑ Jewell and Harbin 1982, p. 262.
  3. ↑ "Top Box-Office Hits of 1952." Variety, January 7, 1953.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 Steinberg, Jay S. "Articles: One Minute to Zero." Turner Classic Movies. Retrieved: November 24, 2012.
  5. ↑ Appleman, Roy E. South to the Naktong, North to the Yalu (June–November 1950). Washington, D.C.: Office of the Chief of Military History, Department of the Army, 1961.
  6. ↑ "Credits: One Minute to Zero." Turner Classic Movies. Retrieved: November 23, 2012.
  7. 1 2 3 Rode 2007, pp. 95–96.
  8. ↑ "Korean War 50th Anniversary." Pass in Review newsletter (Idaho Military History Museum), March 2002.
  9. ↑ Eells 1984, p. 156.
  10. ↑ Suid 2002, p. 137.
  11. ↑ Whitburn, Joel. Top Pop Records 1940–1955. Menomonee Falls, Wisconsin: Record Research, 1973. ISBN 978-0-89820-003-4.
  12. ↑ Evans 200, p. 144.
  13. ↑ Hanley et al. 2001, pp. 110–114.
  14. ↑ Crowther, Bosley. "One Minute to Zero (1952)' One Minute to Zero,' a Korean War Picture with Robert Mitchum, at Criterion." The New York Times, September 20, 1952.

Bibliography

  • Eells, George. Robert Mitchum: A Biography. New York: Franklin Watts, 1984. ISBN 978-0-53109-836-3.
  • Evans, Alun. Brassey's Guide to War Films. Dulles, Virginia: Potomac Books, 2000. ISBN 1-57488-263-5.
  • Hanley, Charles J., Sang-Hun Choe and Martha Mendoza. The Bridge at No Gun Ri. New York: Henry Holt and Company, 2001. ISBN 0-8050-6658-6.
  • Jewell, Richard and Vernon Harbin. The RKO Story. New Rochelle, New York: Arlington House, 1982. ISBN 978-0-70641-285-7.
  • Rode, Alan K. Charles McGraw: Biography of a Film Noir Tough Guy. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland, 2007. ISBN 978-0-78643-167-0.
  • Suid, Lawrence. Guts and Glory: The Making of the American Military Image. Lexington, Kentucky: University of Kentucky Press, 2002. ISBN 978-0-81319-018-1.
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