Pi (instrument)

Pi (Thai: ปี่, pronounced [pìː]) is the generic term for any of a variety of quadruple reed oboes used in the traditional music of Thailand. It is very similar in construction and playing technique to the Cambodian sralai.

Varieties

Pi chawa (ปี่ชวา)
Pi klang (ปี่กลาง)
Pi mon (ปี่มอญ)
Pi nai (ปี่ใน)
Pi nok (ปี่นอก)
Pi chanai (ปี่ไฉน)

An entirely different instrument, a bamboo free reed pipe called pi chum (ปี่จุม), is used by the Lanna of Northern Thailand.

Pi nok

The pi nok is smallest among pi nok, klang, and nai. Pi noks have been played since the ancient times.

Pi nai

The pi nai (41–42×4.5 cm) is commonly seen in Thai literature such as Phra Aphai Mani.

Pi cha nai

The pi chanai is pi song thon (ปี่สองท่อน, pi that consists of two parts). Body part is called lao pi (เลาปี่). Mouth part is called "lamphong" (ลำโพง). Both parts are made from wood or ivory. It is presumed that the Thais obtained this musical influence from India due to its similarity to the Indian shehnai. Pi have been used in Thai since the Sukhothai period. At present, it is played together with the pi chawa in parades.

Pi chawa

The pi chawa is pi song thon (ปี่สองท่อน) (pi that consist of two parts) like the pi chanai, but longer. It is made from wood or ivory. Presume Thai take in pi chawa as same time as glong khaek. From some evidence, they used pi chawa in Krabuan Phayuhayattra (กระบวนพยุหยาตรา, military march) in the pre-Ayutthaya period.

Pi mon

The pi mon is pi song thon (ปี่สองท่อน, pi that consist of two parts) like pi chawa but greater. Lao pi (เลาปี่, the body of pi) is made from wood. Lamphong (ลำโพง, the mouth of pi) is made from metal. The pi mon is played usually in the piphat mon ensemble or in the old called pi phat raman ensemble. ^[1] ^[2] ^[3] ^[4]

References

Double reed instruments

(also includes those with quadruple and sextuple reeds; does not include bagpipes)

European classical (modern)	Piccolo oboe Piccolo heckelphone Oboe Oboe d'amore Cor anglais (English horn) Bass oboe Heckelphone Lupophon Contrabass oboe Tenoroon Bassoon Semi contrabassoon Contrabassoon Contraforte Contrabassophone Reed contrabass Sarrusophone Rothphone Tromboon

European classical (historical)	Aulos Baroque oboe Bassanello Cornamuse Cromorne Crumhorn Dulcian Hirtenschalmei Kortholt Oboe da caccia Pommer Rackett Rauschpfeife Shawm

African traditional	Algaita Rhaita Zukra

Asian traditional	Balaban Duduk Guan Gyaling Hichiriki Hne Kèn Kèn bầu Kèn đám ma Kuzhal Mizmar Nadaswaram Ottu Pi Piri Shehnai Sundari Sorna Sralai Suona Taepyeongso Tangmuri Zurna/Surnai

European traditional	Aulos Bifora Birbynė Bombard Catalan shawm Dulzaina Graïle Gralla Musette Piffero Sopila Tárogató Zurla Surma-horn

American traditional	Chirimía Trompeta china

Traditional Thai musical instruments

String

Plucked	Chakhe Krachappi Sueng Phin Phin pia Hai song

Bowed	Saw duang Saw u Saw sam sai Salo

Struck	Khim

Wind

Flutes	Khlui Khlui lib Khlui phiang aw Khlui u Wot

Oboes	Pi Pi nai Pi nok Pi klang Pi chawa Pi mon Pi chanai Pi o Pi chum Pi so

Free-reed pipes	Khaen

Percussion

Drums	Glong khaek Glong songna Glong yao Glong thad Thon rammana Taphon Glong thap (Thap) Glong Chatri Taphon Mon Glong Malayu

Xylophones	Pong lang Ranat Ranat ek Ranat thum Ranat ek lek Ranat thum lek Ranat kaeo

Gongs	Khong wong yai Khong wong lek Khong Mon Khong Mon wong yai Khong Mon wong lek

Others

Ching
Chap
Krap
Mong

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