Pirak

Pirak is an archaeological site belonging to the Indus Valley Civilization located in Balochistan, Pakistan. It is 20 km south of Sibi east of the Nari River. The mound is 8m high and covers approximately 12 acres (49,000 m2). The site of Pirak was first reported by Robert Raikes in 1963. It was excavated, between 1968 and 1974, before the well known sites of Mehrgarh or Nausharo by the French archaeological mission team led by Jean Marie Casal. According to the excavator, this site was occupied from c.1800 BCE to 800 BCE.

Historical significance

The historical importance of this site in the South Asia is because of its very early horse remains. Also, the site has some very early ironwork and iron artefacts. The ironwork seems to have had a gradual introduction.[1]

Architecture and material culture

The excavator records three phases of unbroken occupation in Pirak.

Artefacts found

In addition to pottery items, wheeled camel figures (terracotta) as per Harappan tradition were also found at Pirak. Items made of Iron were also present in this site.[4] Different seals were also found.[5]

Cultivation

Rice was cultivated as main crop in Post urban Pirak and the Kachi Plain was irrigated. A canal was constructed alongside the settlement of Pirak shows continuation of irrigation facility in the region.[5] Grapes, oats and chickpeas were also grown at Pirak.[5]

See also

Notes

  1. Raymond Allchin, Bridget Allchin, The Rise of Civilization in India and Pakistan. Cambridge University Press, 1982 ISBN 052128550X
  2. McIntosh, Jane R. (2008). The ancient Indus Valley : new perspectives. Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO. p. 133. ISBN 9781576079072.
  3. Alchin, Bridget and Frank Raymond Alchin (2003). The Rise of Civilization in India and Pakistan, Cambridge:Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-28550-X, pp.233-4
  4. S.Settar, Ravi Korisettar (2002) Prehistory, Aracheology of the Harappan Civilisation
  5. 1 2 3 McIntosh, Jane (2008). The Ancient Indus Valley : New Perspectives. Delhi: ABC-CLIO. p. 95. ISBN 978-1-576-07907-2.

External links

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