Rolls-Royce Phantom I

Rolls-Royce Phantom I
Springfield MA Phantom limousine 1927
Overview
Manufacturer	Rolls-Royce Ltd
Also called	40/50 Phantom
Production	1925–1931 3512 produced
Assembly	Derby, England Springfield, Massachusetts
Body and chassis
Class	Luxury car
Body style	4-door sedan
Layout	FR layout
Powertrain
Engine	7,668 cc (468 cu in) I6
Transmission	3-speed manual 4-speed manual
Dimensions
Wheelbase	143½ in (3644.9 mm) US LWB: 146½ in (3721.1 mm) UK LWB: 150½ (3822.7 mm)
Chronology
Predecessor	Silver Ghost
Successor	Phantom II

The Phantom was Rolls-Royce's replacement for the original Silver Ghost. Introduced as the New Phantom in 1925, the Phantom had a larger engine than the Silver Ghost and used pushrod-operated overhead valves instead of the Silver Ghost's side valves. The Phantom was built in Derby in England and in Springfield, Massachusetts in the United States. There were several differences in specification between the English and American Phantoms. The Phantom was replaced by the Phantom II in 1929, at which point it was called the Phantom I.

Description

Derby Phantom tourer by Windover 1927

Name

Introduced in 1925, the Phantom I was Rolls-Royce's second 40/50 hp model. To differentiate between the 40/50 hp models, Rolls-Royce named the new model "New Phantom" and renamed the old model "Silver Ghost", which was the name given to their demonstration example, Registration No. AX201.^[1] When the New Phantom was replaced by another 40/50 hp model in 1929, the replacement was named Phantom II and the New Phantom was renamed Phantom I.^[2]

Drivetrain

One major improvement over the Silver Ghost was the new pushrod-OHV straight-6 engine.^[2][3] Constructed as two groups of three cylinders with a single detachable head,^[2] the engine was described by Rolls-Royce as producing "sufficient" power.^[3] The engine used a 4¼ in (107.9 mm) bore and undersquare 5½ in (139.7 mm) stroke for a total of 7.7 L (7,668 cc (467.9 cu in)) of displacement. In 1928, the cylinder heads were upgraded from cast iron to aluminium; this caused corrosion problems. The separate gearbox connected through a rubberised fabric flexible coupling to the clutch and through a torque tube enclosed drive to the differential at rear, as in the Silver Ghost.

Chassis

The New Phantom used the same frame as the Silver Ghost,^[2] with semi-elliptical springs suspending the front axle^[4] and cantilever springs suspending the rear axle.^[4][5] 4-wheel brakes with a servo-assistance system licensed from Hispano-Suiza were also specified,^[2][3][6] though some early US models lacked front brakes.

Differences between US and UK versions

Like the Silver Ghost, the Phantom was constructed both at Rolls-Royces' Derby factory in the United Kingdom and at a factory in Springfield, Massachusetts in the United States.^[2][3] The US factory produced Phantom Is from 1926 to 1931.^[3]

Principal differences between the US and UK models included wheelbases and transmissions. Both versions were specified with the same standard 143½ in (3644.9 mm) wheelbase; the long-wheelbase U.S. model was 146½ in (3721.1 mm) and the UK 150½ (3822.7 mm). Both versions used a single dry-plate clutch, with US models equipped with a centre change 3-speed transmission and UK a 4-speed.^[3]

Other minor differences included fuel gauge placement, with the UK Phantom I's at the tank but some US models having one on the dash, and manual central lubrication systems. The UK Phantom employed Enots nipples, some times as many as 50, which required attachment of a special Enots oil pressure gun and needed time-consuming service at 500, 1000 and 2000 mile intervals; the US model used a centralized Bijur system which lubricated all the oiling points with a stroke of a single pump.^[4]

Bodywork

Phantom sedanca de ville by Hooper 1929

Only the chassis and mechanical parts were produced by Rolls-Royce. The body was made and fitted by a coachbuilder selected by the owner. Coachbuilders who produced bodies for Phantom I cars included Barker, Park Ward, Thrupp & Maberly, Mulliner, Hooper and the Italian coachbuilder Zagato. American Phantoms could be bought with standardized bodies from Brewster & Co., which was owned by Rolls-Royce.

Production

• Phantom I (UK): 2269^[7]
• Phantom I (US): 1240^[3]

References

Citations

1. The Rolls-Royce, Wood, p. 9
2. The Rolls-Royce, Wood, p. 10
3. The Story of Veteran & Vintage Cars, Posthumus, pp. 101-102
4. Brooks, Philip C. (2009). Carpenter, Rhonda, ed. "Sir Henry's Final Masterpiece Or How Glenn Ford Pushed a Button and Won the War". The International Club for Rolls-Royce & Bentley Owners Desk Diary 2009. Tampa, FL USA: Faircount: 34–41. All in all, the Phantom I was a more modern car all around, and the Springfield Phantom I even had the Bijur centralized chassis lubrication system
5. The Story of Veteran & Vintage Cars, Posthumus, pp. 115
6. Autos.ca: Motoring Memories - Hispano-Suiza, Vance
7. A-Z of Cars of the 1920s, Baldwin

Bibliography

• Baldwin, N. (1994). A-Z of Cars of the 1920s. Devon, UK: Bay View Books. ISBN 1-870979-53-2.
• Brooks, Philip C. (2009). Carpenter, Rhonda, ed. "Sir Henry's Final Masterpiece Or How Glenn Ford Pushed a Button and Won the War". The International Club for Rolls-Royce & Bentley Owners Desk Diary 2009. Tampa, FL USA: Faircount: 34–41. Retrieved 2012-03-31.
• Posthumus, Cyril (1977) [1977]. The Story of Veteran & Vintage Cars. John Wood, illustrator. Feltham, Middlesex, UK: Hamlyn. ISBN 0-600-39155-8.
• Vance, Bill (2001-03-12). "Motoring Memories: Hispano-Suiza". Autos.ca. Orleans, Ontario, Canada: Canadian Driver Communications. Archived from the original on 2012-07-07. Retrieved 2011-10-17. Rolls-Royce later adopted this system under licence from Hispano and used it for many years. External link in |work= (help)
• Wood, Jonathan (2003) [1987]. The Rolls-Royce. Shire Album Series. 198 (2nd ed.). Princes Risborough, Buckinghamshire, UK: Shire Publications. ISBN 978-0-7478-0577-9. Retrieved 2012-03-29.