Russell A. Brown

Russell A. Brown is an American physician and computer scientist. He is the inventor of the N-localizer[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] technology that enables guidance of stereotactic surgery or radiosurgery using medical images that are obtained via computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET).[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]

Brown earned MD and PhD degrees at the University of Utah. While a medical student and in the research laboratory of his mentor, James A. Nelson, he invented a device that guides stereotactic surgery or radiosurgery using computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or positron emission tomography (PET).[16][17][18][19][20][21] This device has become known as the N-localizer.[22][23] It stimulated renewed interest in, and further development of, stereotactic surgery and radiosurgery and has achieved widespread clinical use in the Brown-Roberts-Wells (BRW),[24] Leksell,[25] Kelly-Goerss[26] and Cosman-Roberts-Wells (CRW)[27] stereotactic instruments and in the Gamma Knife[28] stereotactic radiosurgery system.

In addition to his work with stereotactic surgery and the N-localizer, Brown has contributed to medical imaging,[29] nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy,[30][31][32][33] computational chemistry,[34] structural biology[35] and computer science.[36][37][38]

References

  1. ↑ Galloway, RL Jr. (2015). "Introduction and Historical Perspectives on Image-Guided Surgery". In Golby, AJ. Image-Guided Neurosurgery. Amsterdam: Elsevier. pp. 3–4.
  2. ↑ Tse, VCK; Kalani, MYS; Adler, JR (2015). "Techniques of Stereotactic Localization". In Chin, LS; Regine, WF. Principles and Practice of Stereotactic Radiosurgery. New York: Springer. p. 28.
  3. ↑ Saleh, H; Kassas, B (2015). "Developing Stereotactic Frames for Cranial Treatment". In Benedict, SH; Schlesinger, DJ; Goetsch, SJ; Kavanagh, BD. Stereotactic Radiosurgery and Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy. Boca Raton: CRC Press. pp. 156–159.
  4. ↑ Khan, FR; Henderson, JM (2013). "Deep Brain Stimulation Surgical Techniques". In Lozano, AM; Hallet, M. Brain Stimulation: Handbook of Clinical Neurology. 116. Amsterdam: Elsevier. pp. 28–30.
  5. ↑ Arle, J (2009). "Development of a Classic: the Todd-Wells Apparatus, the BRW, and the CRW Stereotactic Frames". In Lozano, AM; Gildenberg, PL; Tasker, RR. Textbook of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery. Berlin: Springer-Verlag. pp. 456–461.
  6. ↑ Sharan, AD; Andrews, DW (2003). "Stereotactic Frames: Technical Considerations". In Schulder, M; Gandhi, CD. Handbook of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery. New York: Marcel Dekker. pp. 16–17.
  7. ↑ Apuzzo, MLJ; Fredericks, CA (1988). "The Brown-Roberts-Wells System". In Lunsford, LD. Modern Stereotactic Neurosurgery. Boston: Martinus Nijhoff Publishing. pp. 63–77.
  8. ↑ Heilbrun MP, Roberts TS, Apuzzo ML, Wells TH, Sabshin JK (1983). "Preliminary experience with Brown-Roberts-Wells (BRW) computerized tomography stereotaxic guidance system". Journal of Neurosurgery. 59 (2): 217–222. doi:10.3171/jns.1983.59.2.0217. PMID 6345727.
  9. ↑ Thomas DG, Anderson RE, du Boulay GH (1984). "CT-guided stereotactic neurosurgery: experience in 24 cases with a new stereotactic system". Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry. 47 (1): 9–16. doi:10.1136/jnnp.47.1.9. PMC 1027634Freely accessible. PMID 6363629.
  10. ↑ Leksell L, Leksell D, Schwebel J (1985). "Stereotaxis and nuclear magnetic resonance". Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry. 48 (1): 14–18. doi:10.1136/jnnp.48.1.14. PMC 1028176Freely accessible. PMID 3882889.
  11. ↑ Thomas DG, Davis CH, Ingram S, Olney JS, Bydder GM, Young IR (1986). "Stereotaxic biopsy of the brain under MR imaging control". AJNR American Journal of Neuroradiology. 7 (1): 161–163. PMID 3082131.
  12. ↑ Heilbrun MP, Sunderland PM, McDonald PR, Wells TH, Cosman E, Ganz E (1987). "Brown-Roberts-Wells stereotactic frame modifications to accomplish magnetic resonance imaging guidance in three planes". Applied Neurophysiology. 50 (1-6): 143–152. doi:10.1159/000100700. PMID 3329837.
  13. ↑ Maciunas RJ, Kessler RM, Maurer C, Mandava V, Watt G, Smith G (1992). "Positron emission tomography imaging-directed stereotactic neurosurgery". Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery. 58 (1-4): 134–140. doi:10.1159/000098986. PMID 1439330.
  14. ↑ Levivier M, Massager N, Wikler D, Lorenzoni J, Ruiz S, Devriendt D, David P, Desmedt F, Simon S, Van Houtte P, Brotchi J, Goldman S (2004). "Use of stereotactic PET images in dosimetry planning of radiosurgery for brain tumors: clinical experience and proposed classification". Journal of Nuclear Medicine. 45 (7): 1146–1154. PMID 15235060.
  15. ↑ Perry, Janice (October 2, 1983). "New system may improve brain surgery". Times Daily. Retrieved 19 May 2011.
  16. ↑ Brown, Russell A. (1979). "A computerized tomography-computer graphics approach to stereotaxic localization". Journal of Neurosurgery. 50 (6): 715–20. doi:10.3171/jns.1979.50.6.0715. PMID 374688.
  17. ↑ Brown RA (1979). "A stereotactic head frame for use with CT body scanners". Invest Radiol. 14 (4): 300–4. doi:10.1097/00004424-197907000-00006. PMID 385549.
  18. ↑ Brown RA (2015). "The mathematics of three N-localizers used together for stereotactic neurosurgery". Cureus. 7 (10): e341. doi:10.7759/cureus.341. PMC 4636133Freely accessible. PMID 26594605.
  19. ↑ Brown RA (2015). "The mathematics of four or more N-localizers for stereotactic neurosurgery". Cureus. 7 (10): e349. doi:10.7759/cureus.349. PMC 4641741Freely accessible. PMID 26623204.
  20. ↑ US patent 4608977, Brown, RA, "System using computed tomography as for selective body treatment"
  21. ↑ Brown RA, Roberts T, Osborn AG (1981). "Simplified CT-guided stereotaxic biopsy" (PDF). American Journal of Neuroradiology. 2 (2): 181–4. PMID 6784559.
  22. ↑ Brown RA, Nelson JA (2012). "Invention of the N-localizer for stereotactic neurosurgery and its use in the Brown-Roberts-Wells stereotactic frame". Neurosurgery. 70 (2 Supplement Operative): 173–176. doi:10.1227/NEU.0b013e318246a4f7. PMID 22186842.
  23. ↑ Brown RA, Nelson JA (2016). "The invention and early history of the N-localizer for stereotactic neurosurgery". Cureus. 8 (6): e642. doi:10.7759/cureus.642. PMID 27462476.
  24. ↑ Brown RA, Roberts TS, Osborn AG (1980). "Stereotaxic frame and computer software for CT-directed neurosurgical localization". Investigative Radiology. 15 (4): 308–12. doi:10.1097/00004424-198007000-00006. PMID 7009485.
  25. ↑ Leksell L, Jernberg B (1980). "Stereotaxis and tomography. A technical note.". Acta Neurochirugica. 52 (1-2): 1–7. doi:10.1007/BF01400939. PMID 6990697.
  26. ↑ Goerss S, Kelly PJ, Kall B, Alker GJ (1982). "A computed tomographic stereotactic adaptation system". Neurosurgery. 10 (3): 375–9. doi:10.1097/00006123-198203000-00014. PMID 7041006.
  27. ↑ Couldwell WT, Apuzzo ML (1990). "Initial experience related to the Cosman-Roberts-Wells stereotactic instrument. Technical note". Journal of Neurosurgery. 72 (1): 145–8. doi:10.3171/jns.1990.72.1.0145. PMID 2403588.
  28. ↑ Lindquist, Christer (2007). "The Leksell Gamma Knife Perfexion and comparisons with its predecessors". Neurosurgery. 61: ONS130–ONS141. doi:10.1227/01.neu.0000316276.20586.dd. PMID 18596433.
  29. ↑ Kunz LR, Marks B, Brown RA (1982). "Delineation of masses identified on axial computed tomography". Radiology. 142 (2): 536. doi:10.1148/radiology.142.2.7054853.
  30. ↑ Brown RA, Grant DM (1993). "Magnetization preparation for coupled relaxation studies using S-pulse sequences". Journal of Magnetic Resonance. A105 (3): 284–288. doi:10.1006/jmra.1993.1282.
  31. ↑ Brown RA, Price RH, Grant DM (1994). "Detecting proton magnetization via carbon-13 coupled relaxation studies". Journal of Magnetic Resonance. A110 (1): 38–44. doi:10.1006/jmra.1994.1178.
  32. ↑ Brown RA, Grant DM (1995). "Carbon-13 coupled relaxation studies of a leucine zipper peptide". Journal of Magnetic Resonance. B106 (3): 254–260. doi:10.1006/jmrb.1995.1041.
  33. ↑ Brown RA; Venters RA; Tang PPPZ; Spicer LD (1995). "A test for scalar coupling between hetereonuclei using gradient-enhanced proton-detected carbon-13 spectroscopy". Journal of Magnetic Resonance. A113 (1): 117–119. Bibcode:1995JMagR.113..117B. doi:10.1006/jmra.1995.1064.
  34. ↑ Brown RA, Case DA (2006). "Second derivatives in generalized Born theory". Journal of Computational Chemistry. 27 (14): 1662–1675. doi:10.1002/jcc.20479.
  35. ↑ Gonzalez L, Brown RA, Richardson D, Alber T (1996). "Crystal structures of a single coiled-coil peptide in two oligomeric states reveal the basis for structural polymorphism". Nature Structural Biology. 3: 1002–1010. doi:10.1038/nsb1296-1002.
  36. ↑ Brown RA, Sharapov I (2007). "High-scalability parallelization of a molecular modeling application: performance and productivity comparison between OpenMP and MPI". International Journal of Parallel Programming. 35 (5): 441–458. doi:10.1007/s10766-007-0057-y.
  37. ↑ Brown RA, Sharapov I (2008). "Performance and programmability comparison between OpenMP and MPI implementations of a molecular modeling application". Lecture Notes in Computer Science: OpenMP Shared Memory Parallel Programming. 4315: 349–360. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-68555-5_28.
  38. ↑ Brown RA (2015). "Building a balanced k-d tree in O(kn log n) time". Journal of Computer Graphics Techniques. 4 (1): 50–68.
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