Russell Humphreys

Russell Humphreys
Born David Russell Humphreys
(1942-02-02) February 2, 1942
Wyandotte, Michigan, United States[1]
Alma mater Duke University (B.S.)
Louisiana State University (Ph.D)
Occupation Independent Researcher for Creation Ministries International
(formerly at the Sandia National Laboratories)
Known for Advocacy of Young Earth Creationism
Religion Baptist

David Russell Humphreys is an American creationist author and a scientist with a PhD in physics. He has proposed a theory for the origin of the universe which he says resolved the distant starlight problem alleged to exist in young Earth creationism.

Education and affiliations

Humphreys graduated with a B.S. from Duke University and was awarded his Ph.D in physics from Louisiana State University in 1972.[1] He has worked for General Electric and Sandia National Laboratories in nuclear physics, where he received a patent and a science award.[1] From 2001-2008, he was an associate professor at The Institute for Creation Research.[1] He currently works for Creation Ministries International (USA).[1] Humphreys is a board member of both the Creation Research Society and the Creation Science Fellowship of New Mexico.[2][3]

Planetary Magnetic Field Predictions

In an article published in CRS Quarterly in December 1984, Humphreys used the known magnetic fields of the Earth, Sun, Moon and Mercury to explain a model for planetary magnetic fields. According to the model, God created the planets with the atomic nuclei spinning in the same orientation. This spin would have initiated a large electric current, resulting in a sustained magnetic field. As part of his model he made predictions about the magnetic fields of Mercury, Mars, Uranus, Neptune and Pluto.[4]

In 1990 Humphreys published a follow up to his predictions as Voyager II had now measured Uranus and Neptune's Magnetic Fields.[5] Humphreys claims that the measured values where within the bounds of his predictions, while dynamo theories had been incorrect about Uranus' field. He also puts forward his reasons why Dynamo theories have trouble explaining the extreme tilt of both Uranus and Neptune's magnetic fields compared to their rotational axis, while his creation model does not.[6]

The creation model's predictions were, according to Humphreys, again verified when probes in 2008[7] and 2011 flew past Mercury and measured the magnetic field and found that the decay was in line with that predicted by Humphreys' model, but far faster than that expected by Dynamo theories.[8]

Cosmology

Humphreys' book, Starlight and Time, presents his alternative to the Big Bang in an attempt to solve what Young Earth creationists call the Distant Starlight Problem. Its thesis is that the Earth and universe are about six thousand years old when measured in Earth's reference frame, whereas the outer edge of an expanding and rotating 3-dimensional universe is billions of years old (as measured from its reference frame). It proposes, using the principles of relativity, to postulate that time ticked at different rates during the universe's origin.[9] In other words, according to his theory, clocks on earth registered the six days of creation, while those at the edge of the universe counted the approximately 15 billion years needed for light from the most distant galaxies to reach earth.[9] The model places the Milky Way galaxy relatively near the center of the cosmos.[10]

Humphreys' proposal has been criticized by other scientists and old earth creationists, such as Hugh Ross and Samuel R. Conner.[11] Humphreys has replied to Ross and Conner's critiques.[12]

In 1998, physicist Dave Thomas wrote that in Humphreys' thousands-of-years-old universe, he "has his astronomy backwards - the Kuiper Belt contains the remains of the "volatile" (icy) planetesimals that were left over from the formation of the solar system - numbering in the hundreds of millions. If anything, it is the Kuiper Belt that supplies the more remote hypothesized Oort Cloud, as some icy chunks are occasionally flung far away by interactions with large planets."[13]

Thomas also criticised Humphreys' idea that there is "not enough sodium in the sea" for a several billion year old sea, writing, "Humphreys finds estimates of oceanic salt accumulation and deposition that provide him the data to "set" an upper limit of 62 million years. But modern geologists do not use erratic processes like these for clocks. It's like someone noticing that (A) it's snowing at an inch per hour, (B) the snow outside is four feet deep, and then concluding that (C) the Earth is just 48 hours, or two days, in age. Snowfall is erratic; some snow can melt; and so on. The Earth is older than two days, so there must be a flaw with the "snow" dating method, just as there is with the "salt" method."[13]

New Cosmology

In 2008 Humphreys published a new but lesser-known cosmological proposal.[14] In it he seeks to challenge a foundational dogma of general relativity and postulates an additional spacetime dimension, one which grants God ample liberty to hold the earth in a “timeless” region of suspended animation while the rest of the universe ages for billions of years, thus allowing very old and distant starlight to bathe a young Earth on creation day four.[15] A critic pointed out that the well-known equation for gravitational redshift/blueshift countermands his model’s efforts to achieve today’s observed redshift from cosmic sources, to which Humphreys countered by terming the gravitational redshift equation a “flawed equation” and became dismissive in his remarks about any potential applicability to his model.[16] Since his new cosmology relies heavily on the observed sunward acceleration of the Pioneer spacecraft as a manifestation peculiar to features of his model, his ideas were dealt a significant blow when researchers from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in California discovered that the apparent anomaly was due to the thermal recoil force acting on the spacecraft.[17]

Helium Problems

Geologist Kevin Henke has criticised Humphreys for stating that "zircons from the Fenton Hill rock cores... contain too much radiogenic helium to be billions of years old."[18][19] Henke wrote that the equations in Humphreys' work "are based on many false assumptions (isotropic diffusion, constant temperatures over time, etc.) and the vast majority of Humphreys et al.'s critical a, b, and Q/Q0 values that are used in these 'dating' equations are either missing, poorly defined, improperly measured or inaccurate."[18] Humphreys has replied to Henke's criticisms.[19][20]

Earth Cooling Model

Scientists Glenn Morton and George L Murphy have dismissed Humphreys' idea that the Earth is cooling as "wrong" because "it is ineffective, it is falsified by observational data, and it is theologically flawed."

See also

Bibliography

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 "Russell Humphreys Biography". Creation Ministries International. 2008. Retrieved 2008-02-19.
  2. ↑ CRS Board of Directors
  3. ↑ http://www.creationsciencenm.org/3.html
  4. ↑ D. Russell Humphreys, Ph.D. 1984. The Creation of Planetary Magnetic Fields. CRS Quarterly. Vol21, Num3. http://www.creationresearch.org/crsq/articles/21/21_3/21_3.html
  5. ↑ Humphreys, D.R. "Good News from Neptune: The Voyager II Magnetic Measurements," Creation Research Society Quarterly. Vol 27, Num 1.
  6. ↑ D. Russell Humphreys, Ph.D. 1990. Beyond Neptune: Voyager II Supports Creation. Acts & Facts. 19 (5). http://www.icr.org/article/beyond-neptune-voyager-ii-supports-creation/
  7. ↑ Humphreys, D. R. 2008. Mercury's Magnetic field is young! Journal of Creation. 22 (3): 8-9.
  8. ↑ Brian Thomas M.S. Mercury's Fading Magnetic Field Fits Creation Model
  9. 1 2 Starlight and Time, Russell Humphreys, Chapter 2, p.34, ISBN 0-89051-202-7
  10. ↑ Humphreys, D. Russell. "Our galaxy is the centre of the universe, 'quantized' redshifts show". creation.com.
  11. ↑ Ross, Hugh (March 22, 1999). "Starlight and Time Review". Reasons To Believe. Retrieved 2007-02-19. RNCSE 24 (1): 31-32
  12. ↑ Starlight Wars: Starlight and Time Withstands Attacks, D. Russell Humphreys
  13. 1 2 "Creation Physicist" D. Russell Humphreys, and his Questionable "Evidence for a Young World", Coalition for Excellence in Science and Math Education
  14. ↑ Humphreys, D.R. (December 2008). "New time dilation helps creation cosmology". Journal of Creation. 22 (3).
  15. ↑ Humphreys, D.R. (August 2007). "Creationist cosmologies explain the anomalous acceleration of Pioneer spacecraft". Journal of Creation. 21 (2).
  16. ↑ Letter to the editor (August 2013). "Russell Humphreys' cosmology". Journal of Creation. 27 (2).
  17. ↑ "Support for the Thermal Origin of the Pioneer Anomaly". Physical Review Letters. 108 (241101): 241101. June 2012. Bibcode:2012PhRvL.108x1101T. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.241101. PMID 23004253.
  18. 1 2 Young-Earth Creationist Helium Diffusion "Dates", Kevin R. Henke, TalkOrigins Archive
  19. 1 2 Helium Evidence for A Young World Remains Crystal-Clear, D. Russell Humphreys
  20. ↑ Helium Evidence for a Young World Overcomes Pressure, D. Russell Humphreys
  21. ↑ "Flaws in a Young-Earth Cooling Mechanism". National Center for Science Education. 2008. Retrieved 2007-02-19. RNCSE 24 (1): 31-32
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