Sar language

Sar
Madjingay
Native to	Chad
Native speakers	180,000 (1993 census)[1]
Language family	Nilo-Saharan? Central Sudanic Bongo–Bagirmi Sara languages East Sar
Dialects	Sar Nar
Language codes
ISO 639-3	mwm
Glottolog	sarr1246[2]

Sar or Sara, also known as Madjingay and Sara Madjingay is a Bongo–Bagirmi language of southern Chad, and the lingua franca of regional capital of Sarh.

Phonology

The consonants are as follows.^[3]

		Labial	Alveolar	Retroflex	Post-alveolar /palatal	Velar
Stop/ affricate	tenuis	p	t			k
	voiced	b	d		d͡ʒ	ɡ
	implosive	ɓ	ɗ
	prenasalized	m͡b	n͡d		n͡dʒ	ŋ͡ɡ
Fricative			s
Nasal		m	n
Liquid	oral		l	ɽ
	nasalized			ɽ̃
Semi-vowel	oral				j	w
	nasalized				j̃

There are three tones.^[4]

Tone	Example	Gloss
high	ɡáŋɡá	drum
mid	māl	scavenger
low	jàbə̀	hippopotamus

References

1. Sar at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
2. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian, eds. (2016). "Sar". Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
3. (French) Fournier, Maurice, Les consonnes du sar, dans Études phonologiques tchadiennes (Jean-Pierre Caprile, éd.), pp. 37-44, Paris, SELAF, 1977, ISBN 2-85297-019-8
4. (French) Moundo Ndimajibay, Nei-Balway, Les limites des modifications en sar, dans Études phonologiques tchadiennes (Jean-Pierre Caprile, éd.), pp. 45-58, Paris, SELAF, 1977, ISBN 2-85297-019-8

External links

• The Sara-Bagirmi Language Project -- Sar