Sri Wikrama Wira

Seri Wikrama Wira
King of Singapura
Reign	1347 - 1362
Successor	Sri Rana Wikrama
Born	Singapore
Died	Singapore
Burial	Fort Canning Hill or Bukit Larangan
House	Sang Sapurba
Father	Sang Nila Utama
Mother	Wan Sri Bini

According to Sejarah Melayu, Paduka Sri Wikrama Wira or Sri Pikrama Wira ('Vikramavira') was the eldest son of Sang Nila Utama and the second Raja of Singapura. He was known as Raja Kecil Besar before his accession and married to an Indian princess named Nila Panjadi. His reign was from 1347 to 1362.^[1][2]

His reign marks the first attempt by the Siamese to subjugate the island kingdom. As recorded by Wang Dayuan in 1349, a Siamese fleet consisted of 70 junks descended upon the island kingdom. The heavily fortified city managed to withstand the siege of the Siamese until the fleet fleeing with the arrival of Chinese ships.^[3] At the same time, the increasingly powerful Javanese kingdom of Majapahit, began eyeing the growing influence of the tiny island kingdom. Under the leadership of its ambitious warlord, Gajah Mada, Majapahit started to embark on overseas expansions against all kingdoms of Nusantara including the remnants of the Srivijaya. In 1350, Hayam Wuruk ascended to the throne of Majapahit. The new king sent an envoy to Singapura demanding the submission of the tiny kingdom. Sri Wikrama Wira refused to do so and even sent a symbolic message threatening to shave the Majapahit king' head should he proceed to Singapura.^[4] The furious Majapahit king ordered an invasion with a fleet of 180 main warships and innumerable small vessels. The fleet passed through the island of Bintan, from where the news spread to Singapura. The defenders immediately assembled 400 warships to face the invasion. Both sides clashed on the coast of Singapura in a battle that took place in three days. The Javanese soldiers that were largely inexperienced in naval warfare, were completely overwhelmed and forced to flee.^[5]

References

1. Dr. John Leyden (1821). Malay Annals: Translated from the Malay Language. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown. pp. 44–49.
2. "Ruling House of Malacca-Johor". Christopher Buyers. October 2008. Retrieved 2010-10-08.
3. Sabrizain, Palembang Prince or Singapore Renegade?, retrieved 2012-10-04
4. Leyden, John (1821), Malay Annals (translated from the Malay language), Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown, p. 52
5. A. Samad, Ahmad (1979), Sulalatus Salatin (Sejarah Melayu), Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, p. 47, ISBN 983-625-601-6