Stanley G. Payne

Stanley George Payne (born September 9, 1934 in Denton, Texas) is a historian of modern Spain and European Fascism at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. He retired from full-time teaching in 2004 and is currently Professor Emeritus at its Department of History.^[1] Payne is one of the most famous modern theorists of fascism.^[2]

Work

Known for his typological description of fascism, Payne is a specialist in the Spanish fascist movement and has also produced comparative analyses of Western European fascism. He asserts that there were some specific ways in which National Socialism paralleled Russian communism to a much greater degree than Fascism was capable of doing. Payne does not propound a theory of "red fascism" or the notion that communism and nazism have been essentially the same thing. He states that Hitlerian National Socialism more nearly paralleled Russian communism than has any other non-communist system.^[3][4]

In the 1960s, his books were published in Spanish by Éditions Ruedo ibérico (ERi), a publishing company set up by Spanish Republican exiles in Paris, France, to publish works forbidden in Spain by the Francoist government ruling the country at the time. His position regarding the Spanish Civil War has been that of shedding light on the conflict's origin and addressing its related myths. One of his more famous books is Spanish Civil War, The Soviet Union and Communism, which analyzes Joseph Stalin and the Soviet government's intervention in Spain. He also wrote The Franco Regime, The Spanish Civil War and A History of Fascism 1914-1945.

Payne uses a lengthy itemized list of characteristics to identify fascism, including the creation of an authoritarian state; a regulated, state-integrated economic sector; fascist symbolism; anti-liberalism; anti-communism, and anti-conservatism.^[5] He sees elimination of the autonomy or, in some cases, complete existence of large-scale capitalism as the common aim of all fascist movements.^[6]

Education

Payne received his bachelor's degree from Pacific Union College in 1955. He went on to earn a masters from Claremont Graduate School and University Center in 1957 and a doctorate (Ph.D.) from Columbia University in 1960.

Books

Falange: A History of Spanish Fascism, 1961 Politics and the Military in Modern Spain, 1967 Franco's Spain, 1967 The Spanish Revolution, 1970 A History of Spain and Portugal (2 vol 1973) full text online free vol 1 before 1700; full text online free vol 2 after 1700; standard scholarly history Basque Nationalism, 1975 La revolución y la guerra civil española, 1976 Fascism: Comparison and Definition, 1980 Spanish Catholicism: An Historical Overview, 1984 The Franco Regime 1936-1975, 1988

Franco: El perfil de la historia, 1992 Spain's First Democracy: The Second Republic, 1931-1936, 1993 A History of Fascism 1914-1945, 1996 El primer franquismo, 1939-1959: Los años de la autarquía, 1998 Fascism in Spain 1923-1977, 2000 The Spanish Civil War, the Soviet Union, and Communism 1931-1939, 2004 The Collapse of the Spanish Republic, 1933-1936, 2006 Franco and Hitler: Spain, Germany, and World War II, 2008 Spain: A Unique History, 2011 The Spanish Civil War, 2012 Franco: A Personal and Political Biography, 2014

References

1. Curriculum vitae and photo at Department of History, University of Wisconsin–Madison
2. Roger Griffin. The Nature of Fascism. Routledge. 1993. p. 6
3. The Routledge Companion to Fascism and the Far Right. Routledge. 2002. p.67
4. Stanley G. Payne. Fascism: Comparison and Definition. University of Wisconsin Press. 1983. ISBN 978-0-299-08064-8. p.102-104
5. Payne, Stanley (1980). Fascism: Comparison and Definition. University of Wisconsin Press, p.7
6. Payne, Stanley (1996). A History of Fascism. Routledge. ISBN 1-85728-595-6 p.10

External links

• "Payne's CV" (PDF). (109 KB)
• Bunk, Brian D.; Pack, Sasha D.; Scott, Carl-Gustaf (2008). Nation and conflict in modern Spain: essays in honor of Stanley G. Payne. Madison, Wisconsin: Parallel Press. ISBN 978-1-893311-76-3. Retrieved 9 August 2016.