Timeline of Bucharest

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Bucharest, Romania.

Prior to 19th century

• 1459 – Bucharest chartered by Drăculeşti Vlad III, Prince of Wallachia.^[1]
• 1559 - Old Court Church built by Mircea Ciobanul
• 1587 – Mărcuța Church built.
• 1633 – Bucharest Bărăția (church) built.
• 1658 – Metropolitan Church consecrated.
• 1667 – Slobozia Church built.
• 1688 – Romanian-language Bucharest Bible published.
• 1692 – Podul Mogoșoaiei paved with wood.
• 1694 – Princely Academy of Bucharest founded.
• 1698 – Capital of Wallachia relocated to Bucharest from Târgoviște.
• 1702 – Mogoşoaia Palace built near city.
• 1715 – Antim Monastery built.
• 1722 – Kretzulescu Church built.
• 1724 – Stavropoleos Church built.^[2]
• 1739 – Gabroveni Inn built.
• 1757 – Lutheran church established.^[3]
• 1769 – City taken by Russians.^[4]
• 1789 – City taken by Austrians.^[4]

19th century

• 1808 – Manuc's Inn built.
• 1812 – 28 May: City hosts signing of the Treaty of Bucharest (1812).^[5][6]
• 1813 – Plague.^[7]
• 1821 – Greek uprising.^[3]
• 1828 – City taken by Russians.^[3]
• 1847
  • Great Fire of Bucharest.^[3]
  • Cișmigiu Gardens inaugurated.
• 1848
  • September: City occupied by Turkish forces.^[3]
  • October: City occupied by Russian forces.^[3]
• 1852
  • Grand Theatre inaugurated.^[8]
  • Casa Capșa confectionery in business.
• 1853
  • July: City temporarily occupied by Russians.^[4]
  • 8 August: Turks in power.^[4]
  • 6 September: Austrians in power.^[4]
• 1856 – Austrian occupation ends.^[4]
• 1857 – Street lighting installed.^[9]
• 1858 – Bellu cemetery in use.
• 1861 – City becomes capital of Romania.^[10]
• 1862 – Orphanage founded.^[3]
• 1863 – Music and Drama Conservatory established.
• 1864
  • University of Bucharest,^[11] School of Bridges and Roads, Mines and Architecture,^[12] and National Museum of Antiquities^[13] founded.
  • Barbu Vlădoianu becomes mayor.
• 1865 - 1865 flooding of Bucharest
• 1866 – Romanian Academy founded.
• 1867
  • Templul Coral (synagogue) built.^[14]
  • Population: 141,754.^[3]
• 1871 – Societatea Română de Tramvaiuri (tram society) established.
• 1872 – Gara Târgoviștei (railway station) built.
• 1880 – Bukarester Tagblatt German-language newspaper begins publication.^[15]
• 1883
  • Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Bucharest established.
  • Orient Express (Paris-Bucharest) begins operating.^[1]
• 1884 – Doamna Balasa church built.^[2]
• 1886
  • Romanian Philharmonic Society founded.
  • Capșa Hotel in business.
  • City hosts signing of the Treaty of Bucharest (1886).
• 1888
  • Romanian Athenaeum built.
  • Pache Protopopescu becomes mayor.^[16]
  • Piața Rosetti laid out.
• 1890 – League for the Cultural Unity of All Romanians founded.
• 1891 – Bucharest Botanical Garden opens.
• 1894
  • Electric tram begins operating.
  • Central School for Girls built.^[17]
• 1895 – Central University Library of Bucharest established.^[18]

20th century

• 1900
  • House of Savings built.^[1]
  • Population: 282,071.^[7]
• 1906 – Bucharest Jubilee Exhibition held.^[17]
• 1909 – Bucharest Russian Church built.
• 1912 – Military Circle built.^[1]
• 1913 – City hosts signing of the Treaty of Bucharest (1913).
• 1914 – Anglican Church (Bucharest) built.
• 1916
  • 6 December: German occupation of city begins.^[10][19]
  • August: City hosts signing of the Treaty of Bucharest (1916).
• 1918
  • German occupation of city ends.^[10]
  • May: City hosts signing of the Treaty of Bucharest (1918).
• 1925 – Dramă şi Comedie (theatre troupe) active.
• 1929 – Dem I. Dobrescu becomes mayor.
• 1930 – Italian Church built.
• 1931 – Scînteia newspaper begins publication.
• 1933
  • Grivița Strike of 1933.
  • Bucharest Telephone Palace built.
• 1936
  • Herăstrău Park opens.
  • Arcul de Triumf erected on Kiseleff Road.
  • Dimitrie Gusti National Village Museum in Bucharest established.
• 1937
  • Scala Cinema opens.^[20]
  • Royal Palace built.^[13]
• 1938 – Cașin Church built.
• 1940
  • Political unrest.^[10]
  • Germans in power.^[13]
  • November: 1940 Vrancea earthquake.^[21]
• 1941 – January: Legionnaires' rebellion and Bucharest pogrom.
• 1944
  • Bombing of Bucharest in World War II begins.
  • 31 August: City occupied by Russian forces.^[10]
  • Geography Institute founded.^[22]
• 1945 – Bombing of Bucharest in World War II ends.
• 1946 – Textile school founded.^[13]
• 1947 – City becomes capital of the newly formed Romanian People's Republic.
• 1948
  • Information Bureau of the Communist and Workers' Parties headquarters relocated to Bucharest from Belgrade, Yugoslavia.^[13]
  • City streets renamed.^[23]
  • Population: 886,110; metro 1,041,807.^[13]
• 1952 – Băneasa Airport terminal opens.
• 1953
  • August: City hosts 4th World Festival of Youth and Students.
  • National Stadium opens.
• 1956
  • Bucharest student movement.
  • Casa Scînteii built.
• 1958
  • World Festival of Puppet Theatres held.^[24]
  • George Enescu Festival of music begins.^[25]
• 1959
  • Basarab railway station built.
  • 500th anniversary of city founding.^[26]
• 1966 – Population: 1,366,684 metro.^[9]
• 1970 – Otopeni Airport terminal built.
• 1971 – St. Elefterie Church consecrated.
• 1976
  • Unirea Shopping Center opens.
  • Ion Dincă becomes mayor.
• 1977 – March: 1977 Vrancea earthquake.^[27]
• 1979
  • Bucharest Metro begins operating.
  • Piața Unirii metro station opens.
• 1981 – Republica metro station opens.
• 1985
  • Victory of Socialism Boulevard laid out.^[28]
  • Palace of the People construction begins.^[28]
• 1989
  • December: Romanian Revolution.
  • 21 December: Ceaușescu's final speech takes place at Palace Square.
  • 22 December: Ceaușescu flees city.^[29]
  • Adevărul newspaper in publication.^[15]
• 1990
  • April: Golaniad protest begins.
  • June 1990 Mineriad protest.^[30]
• 1993 – Basarab metro station opens.
• 1994 – Coat of arms of Bucharest re-adopted.
• 1996 – Victor Ciorbea becomes mayor.
• 1997 – Palace of the Parliament built.

21st century

• 2000
  • Pavilion Unicredit (art centre) established.^[31]
  • Traian Băsescu becomes mayor.
  • Centre for Defence and Security Strategic Studies headquartered in city.^[32]
• 2002
  • Bamboo Club (nightclub) opens.
  • Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Romania building constructed.
• 2005
  • Bucharest Biennale begins.
  • Adriean Videanu becomes mayor.
• 2007 – January: Romania becomes part of the European Union.
• 2008
  • Sorin Oprescu becomes mayor.
  • April: City hosts NATO summit.
  • 1st Infantry Division (Romania) headquartered in Bucharest.
• 2009 – City Gate Towers built.
• 2010
  • May: Economic protest.^[27]
  • Nusco Tower built.
• 2011
  • Basarab Overpass opens.
  • National Stadium rebuilt.
  • Population: 1,883,425; metro 2,272,163.
• 2012
  • 5 March: 2012 Bucharest hair salon shooting.
  • 2012 Romanian protests.^[33][34]
  • National Library of Romania new building opens.
• 2013
  • Dinamo Polyvalent Hall (arena) opens.
  • Floreasca City Center built.
• 2015
  • Colectiv nightclub fire kills at least 26 people; deadliest-ever nightclub fire in Romania and one of the deadliest incidents in the city and the country since the end of the civil war in 1989

See also

• History of Bucharest
• List of mayors of Bucharest

References

1. Roxana Verona (2007). "Bucharest at the Crossroads". PMLA. 122. JSTOR 25501688.
2. "Bucharest", Austria-Hungary, with Excursions to Cetinje, Belgrade, and Bucharest (11th ed.), Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1911
3. George Ripley; Charles A. Dana, eds. (1879). "Bucharest". American Cyclopedia (2nd ed.). New York: D. Appleton and Company.
4. George Henry Townsend (1867), "Bucharest", A Manual of Dates (2nd ed.), London: Frederick Warne & Co.
5. Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Bucharest", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co.
6. "Bucharest". Encyclopaedia of Islam. E.J. Brill. 1913.
7. "Bucharest", Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.), New York, 1910, OCLC 14782424
8. Florin Muresanu and Monica Muresanu (2013). "Cannibal architecture hates BANANAs: post-Communist rebranding of historical sites". In Stephan Sonnenburg and Laura Baker. Branded Spaces: Experience Enactments and Entanglements. Springer. p. 229+. ISBN 978-3-658-01561-9.
9. Darrick Danta (1993). "Ceausescu's Bucharest". Geographical Review. 83. JSTOR 215255.
10. Webster's Geographical Dictionary, Springfield, Massachusetts, USA: G. & C. Merriam Co., 1960, p. 166, OL 5812502M
11. Robert G. Carlton (1965). "Centenary of the University of Bucharest". Quarterly Journal of the Library of Congress. USA. 22. JSTOR 29781178.
12. Luminita Machedon; Ernie Scoffham (1999). Romanian Modernism: The Architecture of Bucharest 1920-1940. MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-13348-7.
13. Leon E. Seltzer, ed. (1952), Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World, New York: Columbia University Press, p. 282, OL 6112221M
14. "Bucharest". Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe. Yivo Institute for Jewish Research. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
15. "Global Resources Network". Chicago, USA: Center for Research Libraries. Retrieved 2 January 2014.
16. Corneliu Diaconovich, ed. (1904). Enciclopedia Română [Romanian Encyclopedia] (in Romanian). 3. Sibiiu: W. Krafft.
17. Shona Kallestrup (2002). "Romanian 'National Style' and the 1906 Bucharest Jubilee Exhibition". Journal of Design History. 15. JSTOR 3527076.
18. "Romania". Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science. 26. NY: Dekker. 1979. ISBN 978-0-8247-2026-1.
19. Stephen Pope; Elizabeth-Anne Wheal (1995). "Select Chronology". Dictionary of the First World War. Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-85052-979-1.
20. "Movie Theaters in Bucharest, Romania". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved 2 January 2014.
21. New York Times, 11 November 1940
22. David Turnock (1994). "Geographical Research in Romania: The Fiftieth Anniversary of the Bucharest Geography Institute". GeoJournal. 34. JSTOR 41146344.
23. Duncan Light; et al. (2002). "Toponymy and the Communist city: Street names in Bucharest, 1948-1965". GeoJournal. 56. JSTOR 41147676.
24. Don Rubin; et al., eds. (1994). World Encyclopedia of Contemporary Theatre: Europe. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-40289-0.
25. "European Festivals Association". Gent, Belgium. Retrieved 2 January 2014.
26. "Rumania Capital is 500 Years Old", New York Times, 5 June 1959
27. "Romania Profile: Timeline". BBC News. Retrieved 2 January 2014.
28. Michael Vachon (1993). "Bucharest: The House of the People". World Policy Journal. 10. JSTOR 40209336.
29. "Ceausescu flees a revolt in Rumania". New York Times. 23 December 1989. Retrieved 2 January 2014.
30. "Romanian Miners Invade Bucharest". New York Times. 15 June 1990. Retrieved 2 January 2014.
31. "Romania". Art Spaces Directory. New York: New Museum. Retrieved 2 January 2014.
32. "Think Tank Directory". Philadelphia, USA: Foreign Policy Research Institute. Retrieved 2 January 2014.
33. "Global Nonviolent Action Database". Pennsylvania, USA: Swarthmore College. Retrieved 2 January 2014.
34. Encyclopaedia Britannica Book of the Year. 2013. ISBN 978-1-62513-103-4.

This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia and Romanian Wikipedia.

Further reading

Published in the 19th century

• David Brewster, ed. (1830). "Bucharest". Edinburgh Encyclopaedia. Edinburgh: William Blackwood.
• John Thomson (1845), "Bucharest", New Universal Gazetteer and Geographical Dictionary, London: H.G. Bohn
• "Bucharest", A Handbook for Travellers in Turkey (3rd ed.), London: J. Murray, 1854, OCLC 2145740
• "From Pera to Bucharest". Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine. 81 (496). 1857.
• Charles Knight, ed. (1866). "Buchorest". Geography. English Cyclopaedia. 2. London: Bradbury, Evans, & Co.
• Florence K. Berger (1877), "Bucharest", A Winter in the City of Pleasure, London: R. Bentley & Son, OCLC 4538535
• Archibald Wilberforce (1893). "Bucharest". Capitals of the Globe. NY: Peter Fenelon Collier.
• I.S. Floru (1896). "Bucuresci". In Corneliu Diaconovich. Enciclopedia Română [Romanian Encyclopedia] (in Romanian). 1. Sibiiu: W. Krafft. pp. 606–619.

Published in the 20th century

• "Bucharest", Chambers's Encyclopaedia, London: W. & R. Chambers, 1901
• "Bukarest", Türkei, Rumänien, Serbien, Bulgarien [Turkey, Romania, Serbia, Bulgaria], Meyers Reisebücher (in German) (6th ed.), Leipzig: Bibliographisches Institut, 1902
• Winifred Gordon (1918), "Latin Oasis", Roumania, London: John Lane
• Paul Morand (1935), Bucarest (in French), Paris: Plon, OCLC 3510578
• "Romania: Bucharest", Eastern and Central Europe (17th ed.), Fodor's, 1996, OL 7697674M

Published in the 21st century

• Laurențiu Rădvan (2010), "Towns in Wallachia: Bucharest", At Europe's Borders: Medieval Towns in the Romanian Principalities, Translated by Valentin Cîrdei, Leiden: Brill, p. 255+, ISBN 9789004180109

External links

• Map of Bucharest, 1980
• Europeana. Items related to Bucharest, various dates.

Coordinates: 44°25′57″N 26°06′14″E / 44.4325°N 26.103889°E