Toynbee Hall

Toynbee Hall circa 1902

Toynbee Hall is a building in Tower Hamlets, in the East End of London, and is the home to a charity of the same name. It works to bridge the gap between people of all social and financial backgrounds, with a focus on working towards a future without poverty.

It was the first university-affiliated institution of the world-wide Settlement movement; a reformist social agenda that strove to get the rich and poor to live more closely together in an interdependent community. Founded by Canon Samuel Barnett and Henrietta in 1884 on Commercial Street, it was named in memory of their friend and fellow reformer, Oxford historian Arnold Toynbee, who had died the previous year. Built specifically for the charity as a centre for social reform, it remains just as active today.

Building

The original building was designed by Elijah Hoole in vicarage-gothic style. The building was designated a Grade II listed building in 1973.^[1][2] It was adjacent to the church of St Jude, Whitechapel, which is no longer there, and was on the site of a disused industrial school.^[3]

The original structure was built as the first university settlement house of the settlement movement. Students from Oxford and Cambridge University lived there, to undertake social work in the deprived areas of the East End.^[4] By 1900 there were over 100 settlements in the United States and across the UK. ^[5] and in 1911 the leaders of the social settlement movement founded the National Federation of Settlements.^[6]

Toynbee Hall, with its Arts and Crafts features, among buildings in London's East End

Current activity

Today, Toynbee Hall provides a range of programmes and activities. Broadly broken down into: youth, the elderly, financial inclusion, debt, advice, free legal advice and community engagement.

Each year over 400 volunteers help to deliver the charity’s services.

In 2007 the Toynbee Studios opened in part of the building offering dance and media studios and a theatre.

People

Wardens

• 1884–1906 Samuel Barnett^[7]
• 1906–11 Thomas Edmund Harvey^[8]
• 1919–54 James Joseph Mallon^[9]
• Arthur Eustace Morgan^[10]
• 1964–72 Walter Birmingham^[11]
• 1977–87 Donald Piers Chesworth^[12]

Chair of Trustees

• 1884–96 Philip Lyttelton Gell, first chairman^[13]
• Charles Alfred Elliott^[14]
• 1911–25 Alfred Milner
• 1933–45 Cosmo Lang^[15]
• 1966 Lord Blakenham^[16]
• 1982–5 John Profumo^[17]
• 1985–90 Sir Harold Atcherley
• 1990–2002 Roger Harrison^[18]
• 2002-2009 Christopher Coombe
• 2009–2015 Ben Rowland^[19]
• 2015- Julian Corner

Notable associated people

• Toynbee residents included RH Tawney and Clement Attlee
• William Beveridge began his career by working as Sub-Warden at Toynbee Hall from 1903 to 1905
• Visitors to Toynbee Hall included Lenin and Guglielmo Marconi
• Lionel Ellis (1885–1970), the military historian, was an Associate Warden of Toynbee Hall after the Second World War.^[20] Between the two World Wars, he had been General Secretary of the National Council of Social Service and then Secretary of the National Fitness Council.
• John Profumo dedicated much of his time to the Hall from the 1960s onwards after the Profumo Affair forced him out of politics
• Jane Addams, visited Toynbee Hall inspiring her establishment of Hull House in Chicago
• Sir Nicolas Bratza, was a volunteer at Toynbee Hall's Free Legal Advice Centre in the 1970s. He went on to become the President of the European Court of Human Rights from November 2011 to October 2012. In 2014, Sir Nicolas became an Ambassador for Toynbee Hall

Associated organisations

• Charles Robert Ashbee created his Guild of Handicraft whilst a resident at Toynbee Hall in the late 1880s
• The Whitechapel Art Gallery (founded 1901) grew out of annual free art exhibitions organised by Henrietta Barnett
• The Workers Educational Association (WEA) was founded here in 1903
• Child Poverty Action Group was founded at a meeting held at Toynbee Hall in 1965
• Stepney Children's Fund

Bibliography

• Briggs, A. and Macartney, A. (1984) Toynbee Hall. The first hundred years, London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
• Pimlott, J. A. R. (1935) Toynbee Hall. Fifty years of social progress 1884 - 1934, London: Dent.
• "Toynbee Hall history". spartacus-educational.com. Retrieved February 1, 2007.
• "The Barnetts and Toynbee Hall". INFED - informal education and lifelong learning. Retrieved February 1, 2007.
• "Toynbee Hall, Commercial Street". An educational resource created by the Pevsner Architectural Guides. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Retrieved March 1, 2007.
• "Stephen Bayley on the opening of the new Toynbee Studios". The Observer. London. 2007-02-25. Retrieved February 25, 2007.
• Nunn, Thomas Hancock (1892). "The Universities' Settlement in Whitechapel". The Economic Review. Oxford University Branch of the Christian Social Union. 2: 478–495. Retrieved 14 August 2016.

References

1. Toynbee Hall: The First Hundred Years by A. Briggs and A. Macartney, Routledge & Kegan Paul, London, 1984, p. 1
2. Historic England. "Details from image database (205906)". Images of England. accessed 8 August 2009
3. Stewart Angas Weaver (1997). The Hammonds: A Marriage in History. Stanford University Press. p. 33. ISBN 978-0-8047-3242-0.
4. Article in the 'University Review' 919050, quoted in H. O. Barnett, op. cit., p.311
5. National Federation of Settlements accessed 10 July 2013
6. Social Welfare History website.
7. Koven, Seth. "Barnett, Samuel Augustus". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/30612. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
8. Hope Hay Hewison (1989). Hedge of Wild Almonds: South Africa, the Pro-Boers & the Quaker Conscience, 1890-1910. James Currey Publishers. p. 373. ISBN 978-0-85255-031-1.
9. Briggs, Asa. "Mallon, James Joseph". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/34846. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
10. Stanley Brice Frost (1 May 1984). McGill University: For the Advancement of Learning, Volume II, 1895-1971. McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP. pp. 209 note 14. ISBN 978-0-7735-6094-9.
11. Moonman, Eric (6 September 2004). "Obituary: Walter Birmingham". The Guardian. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
12. Who Was Who, Oxford Index
13. Gerald Grace (17 June 2013). Education and the City: Theory, History and Contemporary Practice. Routledge. p. 146. ISBN 978-1-135-66876-1.
14. Washbrook, David. "Elliott, Charles Alfred". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/33004. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
15. Katherine Bentley Beauman (15 September 1996). Women and the Settlement Movement. The Radcliffe Press. pp. 199–. ISBN 978-1-86064-129-9.
16. Toynbee Hall: the first hundred years, p. 155
17. Heffer, Simon. "Profumo, John Dennis". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/97107. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
18. ashoka.org, Board of Directors.
19. toynbeehall.org.uk, Trustees.
20. Social Service: A Quarterly Review, Volumes 27-28 (1953), p. 1: "For the Well-Being of Mankind, Lionel F. Ellis, c.v.o., c.b.e., d.s.o. Associate Warden, Toynbee Hall".

External links

• Toynbee Hall
• Toynbee Art Club Website for club established in 1886 by C.R. Ashbee during his residence at Toynbee Hall.

Coordinates: 51°30′58″N 0°4′21″W / 51.51611°N 0.07250°W