Ulrich III, Duke of Carinthia

Ulrich III of Spanheim
Duke of Carinthia

Part of a seal used by Ulrich III
Duke 1256–1269
Predecessor Bernhard von Spanheim
Successor Ottokar II of Bohemia
Spouse(s) Agnes of Andechs
Agnes of Baden
Noble family House of Sponheim
Father Bernhard von Spanheim
Mother Judith of Bohemia
Born c. 1220
Died 27 October 1269(1269-10-27)
Cividale del Friuli

Ulrich III, Duke of Carinthia, also known as Ulrich III of Spanheim (c. 1220 – 27 October 1269) was ruling Lord in the March of Carniola from c. 1249 and Duke of Carinthia from 1256 until his death, the last ruler from the House of Sponheim.

Life

Ulrich III was the eldest son of Duke Bernhard of Carinthia and his wife Judith, a daughter of the Přemyslid king Ottokar I of Bohemia.[1] Already his father had endeavoured to assume the rule over the Carniolan march, which Ulrich could secure for himself by marrying Agnes of Andechs, the widow of the last Babenberg duke Frederick II of Austria.[1] From 1251, he was co-ruler of Carinthia with his father; in 1256 he succeeded his father as duke.[1]

Later version Ulrich's seal, with Carinthian coat of arms

Ulrich continued the development of his home territories as his father began. In 1260, he completed the foundation of the charterhouse in Bistra (Freudenthal) in Inner Carniola.[1] He also founded the Canons Regular monastery in Völkermarkt.[1]

He had differences of opinion about his father's inheritance with his younger brother Philip, who had to prepare for an ecclesiastical career and was elected Archbishop of Salzburg in 1247. Philip refused to take holy orders in order to reserve the right of succession in Carinthia for himself. Ulrich and Philip finally reached an agreement of mutual protection and inheritance and, after Philip was deposed as bishop in 1257 by the cathedral chapter, fought together against Philip's successor, Archbishop Ulrich of Seckau.

After the election of Archbishop Ladislaus of Salzburg, it became clear that Philip would have to abandon all hopes to return to Salzburg. In 1267 he asked Ulrich III to divide their inheritance and also proposed that he could be Ulrich's heir, as Ulrich's son from his first marriage had died young, and his second marriage was still childless. However, on 4 December 1268, Ulrich secretly proceeded to Poděbrady Castle, where he concluded an inheritance treaty with his cousin, King Ottokar II of Bohemia,[1] in which the king was made his sole heir.

When Duke Ulrich III died in Cividale del Friuli on 27 October 1269, both Philip and Ottokar II claimed his inheritance. In the same year, Philip was elected Patriarch of Aquileia, however, his election was never confirmed by the Pope and in 1270/71 he was expelled to Austria by Ottokar's forces. This was the end of the rule of the Sponheim dynasty in Carinthia.

Marriages and issue

Ulrich III was married twice:

  1. to Agnes of Merania (1215–1263), the widow of Duke Frederick II of Austria.[1] This marriage produced a son, who died young.
  2. to Agnes of Baden (1250–1295), a daughter of Margrave Herman VI of Baden and Gertrude of Babenberg,[1] niece of Duke Frederick II of Austria. This marriage remained childless.

Ancestors

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Ulrich III, Dictionary of German Biography, Vol. 10, ed. Walter Killy and Rudolf Vierhaus, (Walter de Gruyter, 2006), 149.

References

Ulrich III, Duke of Carinthia
Born: c. 1220 Died: 27 October 1269
Preceded by
Bernhard		 Duke of Carinthia
1256-1269 		Succeeded by
Ottokar II of Bohemia
Preceded by
Frederick II of Austria		 Margrave of Carniola
1248-1269
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