Unity State

Unity State الوحدة
State of Sudan (1994  - 2011) State of South Sudan (2011  - 2015)
1994–2015
Flag
Location in South Sudan
Capital		Bentiu
History
•	Creation as a state of Sudan	1994
•	Became a state of South Sudan after independence from Sudan	2011
•	Reorganisation of states	2015
Area
	37,836.69 km^2 (14,609 sq mi)
Population
•	2008	585,801

Unity, sometimes known as Western Upper Nile ^[1] was one of the 10 states of South Sudan. Unity state was in the Greater Upper Nile region. It had an area of 38,837 square kilometres (14,995 sq mi). Unity was inhabited predominantly by two ethnic groups, the Nuer (majority) and the Dinka (minority).

Administrative divisions

The capital of Unity state was Bentiu. Before an administrative reorganization in 1994, Unity was part of a much larger province of Upper Nile, and the state was sometimes called Western Upper Nile.

The counties of Unity were: Mayom, Rubkona, Panrieng, Leer, Guit, Koch, Abiemnom, Mayiendit, and Payinjiar.

The larger towns were Bentiu, Mayom and Leer.

Other towns were Riangnom, Rub-Koni, Yoahnyang, Tam, Mankien, Wang-Kay, Koch, Nyal and Ganyliel.^[2]

Economy

Agriculture was the state's primary economic activity. The people of the state were nomadic agro-pastoralists who engaged in both agriculture and rearing of livestock, especially cattle. Farming was conducted during the rainy season although some cultivation also occurs during summer. Vegetables were not widely cultivated as most farmers were rural rather than urban, and therefore lacked access to markets for their produce. Some NGOs introduced farmers to the practice of cultivation for market.

Oil fields

Southern Sudan's first oil reserves were discovered here during the 1970s. The international oil companies which engaged in oil exploration contributed to massive displacement of the indigenous population.^[3]

In the state were some rich oilfields, including Unity oilfield and most of Block 5A. The Unity oilfield is within the largest hydrocarbon accumulation in the Muglad rift basin and contains an estimated 150,000,000 barrels (24,000,000 m³) of oil.^[4]

The Greater Nile Oil Pipeline begins in the Unity oilfield.

See also

• 2007 Sudan floods
• Greater Nile Oil Pipeline

References

1. Sudan, Oil, and Human Rights. p. 102.
2. "Unity State Map" (PDF). UN OCHA. 08/03/10. Retrieved 2011-09-14. Check date values in: |date= (help)
3. Human Rights Watch , 'Sudan, oil, and human rights', www.hrw.org, November.
4. NPA Group 2008, 'Sudan - Muglad Basin' Archived 17 May 2008 at the Wayback Machine., www.npagroup.co.uk, 27 February. Retrieved on 5 March 2008.

External links

• USAID 2001, 'Sudan: Oil and gas concession holders' (map), University of Texas Library. (Map shows location of oil field. Note that state borders are out of date.)