Vernon Orlando Bailey

Vernon Orlando Bailey
Vernon Orlando Bailey in 1898
Born	1864 Manchester, Michigan
Died	1942 Washington, D.C.
Nationality	USA
Fields	Mammalogy
Institutions	United States Department of Agriculture
Known for	Research on animal trapping, beavers, rodents, coyotes, wolves, bobcats

Vernon Orlando Bailey (1864–1942) was an American naturalist who specialized in mammalogy. He was employed by the Bureau of Biological Survey, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA).^[1] His contributions to the Bureau of Biological Survey numbered roughly 13,000 specimens including many new species. Bailey published 244 monographs and articles during his career with the USDA, and is best known for his biological surveys of Texas, New Mexico, North Dakota, and Oregon.

Life and work

Photograph taken for Vernon Orlando Bailey during his work as field naturalist for the United States Department of Agriculture Bureau of Biological Survey. Bailey was particularly interested in creating more humane animal traps and devoted much of his time after retirement to this cause.

The fourth child of Emily and Hiram Bailey, Vernon Orlando Bailey was born on June 21, 1864 in Manchester, Michigan. Hiram Bailey was a woodsman and a mason by trade. Bailey and his pioneer family moved by horse-drawn wagon to Elk River, Minnesota in 1870. Since there were no school in the frontier town at the time, the Baileys schooled their children at home until they and several other local families established a school in 1873. Hiram Bailey was a woodsman and hunter and taught his son how to hunt at an early age. Bailey began collecting specimens and forwarding them to Dr. C. Hart Merriam, founder of the Bureau of Biological Survey (the predecessor to the current U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service). Bailey was appointed special field agent to the Division of Economic Ornithology and Mammalogy in 1887. By 1890, Bailey was awarded the title of Chief Field Naturalist. He served in this position until his retirement in 1933. He was the president of the American Society of Mammalogists from 1933 to 1934.^[2] In 1899, he married ornithologist Florence Augusta Merriam Bailey. The two traveled the United States together and separately collecting and observing specimens in the field. They co-authored several articles including "Cave life of Kentucky" with Leonard Giovannoli, published in the September 1933 edition of American Midland Naturalist (Vol. 14, No. 5).

Legacy

Vernon Bailey Peak is a 6670 ft (2033 m) peak in Big Bend National Park in Texas.^[3]

Publications

• The Prairie Ground Squirrels or Spermophiles of the Mississippi Valley, 1893
• A New Subspecies of Beaver from North Dakota, 1919-1920
• Beaver Habits, Beaver Control and Possibilities of Beaver Farming, 1922
• The Cave Life of Kentucky, American Midland Naturalist, 1933

Associated eponyms

• Chrysothamnus baileyi Woot. & Standl.^[4]
• Ostrya baileyi Rose^[5] (Ostrya baileyi is a synonym for Ostrya knowltonii.)^[6]
• Tillandsia baileyi Rose ex Small^[7]
• Echinocereus baileyi Rose^[8] (This is now classified as a subspecies of Echinocereus reichenbachii.)
• Sarcobatus baileyi Coville.^[9][10]
• Yucca baileyi Woot. & Standl.^[11]
• Campanula baileyi Eastwood.^[12] (Campanula baileyi is a synonym for Campanula wilkinsiana.)^[13]
• Crotaphytus collaris baileyi Stejneger, 1890^[14] (This population is no longer considered a separate subspecies.)^[15]
• Canis lupus baileyi (Mexican wolf)

See also

• Mount Bailey (Oregon)

References

1. "Vernon Orlando Bailey". United States Forest Service.
2. Biographies of ASM Presidents, American Society of Mammalogists
3. "Vernon Bailey Peak". http://www.summitpost.org/. Retrieved 19 February 2015. External link in |website= (help)
4. "Chrysothamnus baileyi Wooton & Standley". Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 16: 181. 1913.
5. "Ostrya baileyi Rose". Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 8: 293. 1905.
6. Ostrya knowltonii
7. "9. Tillandsia Bailey Rose". Flora of the Southeastern United States. 246: 1328. 1913.
8. "Echinocereus baileyi, a new cactus from Oklahoma". Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 12: 403. 1909.
9. "Sarcobatus bailey". Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 7: 77. 1892.
10. Mozingo, Hugh Nelson (1987). "Greasewood, S. baileyi". Shrubs of the Great Basin: A Natural History. University of Nevada Press. p. 84.
11. "Yucca baileyi Wooton & Standley". Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 16: 181. 1913.
12. "New Western Plants, Part II. Two New Species of Campanula from the Pacific Coast". Bull. Torrey Bot. Club. 29: 525. 1902.
13. Campanula baileyi Eastw. — The Plant List
14. Beolens B, Watkins M, Grayson M. 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5. ("Bailey, V.O.", p. 14).
15. Wild Herps - Eastern Collared Lizard (Crotaphytus collaris)

External links

• Finding aid to the Vernon Bailey papers, 1889–1941, from the Smithsonian Institution Archives
• Vernon Bailey Papers, 1905, 1921-1929, 1939, also from the Smithsonian Institution Archives